四、根据课文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Mr Jiang, a manager of a big company, is always too busy to have any time to relax. So he ordered a robot from a robot shop.
The robot made Mr Jiang's life much 1 (easy). When he got up in the morning, breakfast was made, his business suit was 2 (smooth) ironed, and his lunch box was already prepared. While he was at work, the robot would do all the housework and go 3 (shop) at the supermarket. When he returned home 4 work, a delicious dinner would be ready for him. After dinner, the robot would tidy up. It seemed that in general the robot 5 (satisfy) Mr Jiang's needs.
But after a few comfortable weeks, the robot caught a virus and no longer worked 6 (proper). Sometimes it woke Mr Jiang up 7 four o'clock in the morning. And his flat was in a complete mess: food 8 (lay) on the bed; milk was stored in the rubbish bin; coins, bills and his private 9 (paper) were spread all over the floor. Moreover, the robot moved too fast on its wheels and often knocked things 10.
In the end, Mr Jiang decided to return the robot to the robot shop.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. easier 2. smoothly 3. shopping 4. from 5. satisfied 6. properly 7. at 8. was laid 9. papers 10. over

【分析】
这是一篇基于课文内容的语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，可知整篇文章叙述过去发生的事件，整体时态为一般过去时。接下来逐个分析空格：先判断空格处所需的词性，结合前后的修饰关系、固定搭配、时态语态规则推导答案：看到much修饰形容词要想到用比较级，修饰动词要转换为副词形式，遇到常见动词短语要回忆固定搭配，具体时刻前用对应时间介词，主语和动词是被动关系时要使用被动语态，名词要根据语境判断可数性和单复数。
【解析】
1. 空格前有程度副词much，much通常用于修饰形容词/副词的比较级，表达“……得多”的含义，easy的比较级形式为easier，此处表示机器人让蒋先生的生活轻松得多。
2. 空格后是动词ironed（熨烫），修饰动词需使用副词，形容词smooth的副词形式为smoothly。
3. 此处是固定短语go shopping，意为“去购物”，是常用搭配，故填shopping。
4. 此处表达“当他下班回到家”，固定搭配return home from work符合语境，填介词from。
5. 主句谓语seemed是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态要和主句保持一致，satisfy的过去式为satisfied。
6. 空格修饰动词worked，需使用副词，形容词proper的副词形式为properly，此处表示机器人不再正常运转。
7. 空格后是具体的时刻four o'clock，表示在具体几点前要使用时间介词at。
8. 主语food和动词lay（放置）是被动关系，全文为一般过去时，food是不可数名词，be动词用was，lay的过去分词为laid，因此填一般过去时的被动结构was laid。
9. 此处paper表示“私人文件、资料”，属于可数名词，后文谓语是were spread，说明主语为复数，因此填papers。
10. 此处是固定短语knock over，意为“撞翻、撞倒”，符合语境机器人经常碰倒东西，填over。
【答案】
1. easier 2. smoothly 3. shopping 4. from 5. satisfied 6. properly 7. at 8. was laid 9. papers 10. over
【知识点】
形容词比较级，词性转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础类的课文语法填空，考点均为初中英语核心高频考点，覆盖了比较级、副词用法、介词、时态语态、名词单复数等基础知识点，依托课文原文语境，难度较低，学生只要掌握基础的语法规则和常见固定短语，结合上下文逻辑就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7

五、传统文化阅读理解。
It is said that every year on the second day of the second Chinese lunar month, the dragon wakes up and raises its head. Because of this, the day is called "Dragon Head-raising Day"(the Longtaitou festival). Old people believed that after Longtaitou, there would be more rain. And rain is very necessary for farming. So Longtaitou was the start of spring and farming.
People have many ways to celebrate the Longtaitou festival. The most popular one is to have a haircut. Many believe that a haircut during the first Chinese lunar month may bring bad luck to your uncles—mainly your mother's brothers. They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.
Among Chinese people's festival traditions, there is always a place for food. During the Longtaitou festival, people eat food named after dragons. Noodles are called the dragon's beard (longxu). Dumplings are the dragon's ears(long'er).
People also hold activities like dragon dancing on the day. In some places, people make dragon lanterns too. Small red boats go down the rivers and carry the lanterns, which stands for people's best wishes and good luck.
()1. What did old people think of Longtaitou?
A. It was a good time for sleeping.
B. It was the end of the Spring Festival.
C. It was the start of spring and farming.
D. It meant the weather would become colder.
()2. Why do people get haircuts on this day?
A. To get rid of bad luck.
B. It may bring more rain.
C. To bring bad luck.
D. It may help their hair grow.
()3.新考法Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. ①
②③
④
B. ①
②③④
C. ①②③
④
D. ①
②③④
()4. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To introduce a traditional festival.
B. To make a traditional festival popular again.
C. To tell people how to avoid bad luck.
D. To introduce some tasty food and fun activities.

1. C 【点拨】根据“So Longtaitou was the start of spring and farming.”可知，老人们认为龙抬头是春天和农耕的开始。故选 C。
2. A 【点拨】根据“Many believe that a haircut during the first Chinese lunar month may bring bad luck to your uncles—mainly your mother's brothers. They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.”可知，人们在这一天要理发是因为人们相信这会让他们远离霉运。故选 A。
3. B 【点拨】纵观全文可知，第一段从总体上介绍二月二龙抬头这个节日；第二段到第四段分别介绍庆祝这个节日的一些风俗，如剪发、吃以“龙”命名的食物和举办像舞龙等其他的活动。故选 B。
4. A 【点拨】通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了中国的二月二龙抬头这一节日及其相关风俗。因此文章的目的是介绍一个传统节日。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇中国传统文化主题的阅读理解题，解题思路如下：首先明确不同题型的对应解法：第1、2题是细节理解题，直接带着题干的关键词回原文定位对应语句，匹配选项就能得到答案；第3题是篇章结构新考法，需要先逐段梳理核心内容：第1段总起介绍龙抬头节日的起源和传统意义，第2到4段分别从理发习俗、特色节日饮食、节日特色活动三个方面并列介绍节日的相关传统，整体是总分逻辑，对应匹配正确的结构图示；第4题是主旨大意题，通读全文提炼核心写作目的，排除片面的干扰选项即可选出正确答案，全程紧扣原文信息，不要主观臆断就能顺利解题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段末尾句"So Longtaitou was the start of spring and farming."，直接对应C选项描述，A选项“适合睡觉”、B选项“春节结束”、D选项“天气变冷”均和原文内容不符，因此选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段末尾句"They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck."，可知人们这天理发是为了摆脱厄运，对应A选项；B选项“理发带来更多降雨”无原文依据，C选项“带来厄运”和原文表意相反，D选项“帮助头发生长”原文未提及，因此选A。
3. 篇章结构题：梳理全文段落逻辑：第1段总括介绍龙抬头节日的基本由来和传统定位，属于总起段；第2、3、4段分别从理发习俗、节日特色饮食、节日民俗活动三个维度并列介绍该节日的相关庆祝传统，属于分述部分，整体为总分结构，对应选项B的图示结构，因此选B。
4. 主旨大意题：通读全文可知，文章整体围绕中国传统节日龙抬头展开，介绍它的起源和各类相关传统习俗，核心目的是向读者介绍这个传统节日；B选项“让节日重新流行”无原文依据，C选项“告知人们避凶的方法”只是片面内容，D选项“介绍美食和活动”只是文章的部分内容，不是整体写作目的，因此选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A
【知识点】
细节信息查找，篇章结构梳理，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题结合中国传统节日龙抬头的文化背景命题，既考察常规阅读理解能力，也渗透了传统文化科普，其中篇章结构类的新考法，引导学生跳出只关注细节的惯性思维，学会梳理全文段落间的逻辑关系，区分总起段和分述段落，能有效巩固不同阅读理解题型的解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7