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D
City noise never stops. World Health Organization says that loud noises, like those from traffic or machines, can be a very harmful type of pollution. They can make people feel more stressed, have trouble sleeping, and even cause heart problems.
①
City sounds are also making life difficult for some animals, for example, the funnel-weaving spiders.
② Funnel-weaving spiders make special webs that are not sticky. They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To do this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations right away when an insect touches its web. But their webs often stick to things like trees, rocks and buildings. These objects act like highways for vibrations caused by environmental noise like traffic. If there's too much noise around, it can be difficult for the spider to notice the insects.
③ Scientists notice city spiders making changes in their webs. The spiders adapt to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points. Think of it like how we hang thick curtains to reduce traffic noise. Spiders just improve their webs instead! These designs act like natural noise-canceling headphones, sending fewer vibrations to the spider. As a result, the spider can better feel the vibrations that really matter. ④
A team led by scientist Brandi Pessman at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln found out about this clever change. Their study helps us learn more about how animals deal with environmental noise. Humans might get better soundproofing ideas from it too!
(
A. Insects. B. Problems. C. Interests. D. Chances.
(
A. By leaving their webs.
B. By moving to quieter areas.
C. By changing their ways of hunting.
D. By building thicker and stronger webs.
(
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
A. Teach humans how to make webs.
B. Explain humans are cleverer than spiders.
C. Help humans make quieter houses.
D. Help humans understand spiders better.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共60分)
City noise never stops. World Health Organization says that loud noises, like those from traffic or machines, can be a very harmful type of pollution. They can make people feel more stressed, have trouble sleeping, and even cause heart problems.
①
City sounds are also making life difficult for some animals, for example, the funnel-weaving spiders.
② Funnel-weaving spiders make special webs that are not sticky. They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To do this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations right away when an insect touches its web. But their webs often stick to things like trees, rocks and buildings. These objects act like highways for vibrations caused by environmental noise like traffic. If there's too much noise around, it can be difficult for the spider to notice the insects.
③ Scientists notice city spiders making changes in their webs. The spiders adapt to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points. Think of it like how we hang thick curtains to reduce traffic noise. Spiders just improve their webs instead! These designs act like natural noise-canceling headphones, sending fewer vibrations to the spider. As a result, the spider can better feel the vibrations that really matter. ④
A team led by scientist Brandi Pessman at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln found out about this clever change. Their study helps us learn more about how animals deal with environmental noise. Humans might get better soundproofing ideas from it too!
(
A
)62. What does the word "bugs" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Insects. B. Problems. C. Interests. D. Chances.
(
D
)63. How do city spiders adapt to noise?A. By leaving their webs.
B. By moving to quieter areas.
C. By changing their ways of hunting.
D. By building thicker and stronger webs.
(
C
)64. Where should we put the sentence "But nature's full of surprises!"?A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
C
)65. How might studying this change in spiders help humans?A. Teach humans how to make webs.
B. Explain humans are cleverer than spiders.
C. Help humans make quieter houses.
D. Help humans understand spiders better.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共60分)
答案
D 【文章大意】本文讨论了城市噪声对人类和动物的影响,特别是对漏斗网蜘蛛的影响,以及这些蜘蛛如何通过改变蛛网结构来适应噪声环境,科学家的研究揭示了这一适应性变化,为人类的隔音设计提供了新的启示。
62.A [解析]词义猜测题。根据文中"They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To to this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations(震动)right away when an insect touches its web."可推知,此处的"bugs"指的是昆虫,即蜘蛛在等待的猎物。故选A。
63.D [解析]细节理解题。根据文中"Scientists notice city spiders making changes in their webs. The spiders adapt(适应)to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points."可知,城市中的蜘蛛用更结实的丝织出更厚的网来适应噪声。故选D。
64.C [解析]句子还原题。"But nature's full of surprises!"这句话应该用来表示转折或强调。根据上下文可知,这句话应放在③的位置上,可以很好地强调科学家发现城市中的蜘蛛能通过在网上做出改变来适应噪声,体现了自然的神奇。故选C。
65.C [解析]推理判断题。根据文中"Their study helps us learn more about how animals deal with environmental noise. Humans might get better soundproofing ideas(隔音设计)from it too!"可推知,研究蜘蛛如何适应噪声有助于人类找到更好的隔音方法。故选C。
思路引导 阅读理解解题技巧
(1)仔细阅读题目
明确问题:仔细阅读题目,理解题目问的是什么。注意题目中的关键词,如what、why、how等。
定位关键词:在题目中找到关键词,这些关键词会帮助你在文章中快速找到相关信息。
(2)快速定位信息
扫描文章:快速浏览文章,找到与题目相关的段落或句子,可以使用关键词来帮助定位。
标记重要信息:在阅读过程中,用笔标记或画线标出重要的细节和信息,以便后续查找。
(3)仔细比对信息
核对细节:找到相关段落后,仔细比对题目中的信息和文章中的内容,确保完全一致。
排除干扰项:注意排除干扰项,这些选项可能在文章中提到了,但与题目要求不符。
(4)理解上下文
理解语境:不要只关注个别单词或句子,要结合上下文理解整个段落的意思。
推断隐含信息:有时题目要求的细节可能不是直接给出的,需要根据上下文推断出来。
(5)注意逻辑关系
因果关系:注意文章中的因果关系,理解为什么某件事会发生或某个结果会出现。
时间顺序:如果题目涉及时间顺序,注意文章中描述事件的时间线索。
62.A [解析]词义猜测题。根据文中"They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To to this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations(震动)right away when an insect touches its web."可推知,此处的"bugs"指的是昆虫,即蜘蛛在等待的猎物。故选A。
63.D [解析]细节理解题。根据文中"Scientists notice city spiders making changes in their webs. The spiders adapt(适应)to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points."可知,城市中的蜘蛛用更结实的丝织出更厚的网来适应噪声。故选D。
64.C [解析]句子还原题。"But nature's full of surprises!"这句话应该用来表示转折或强调。根据上下文可知,这句话应放在③的位置上,可以很好地强调科学家发现城市中的蜘蛛能通过在网上做出改变来适应噪声,体现了自然的神奇。故选C。
65.C [解析]推理判断题。根据文中"Their study helps us learn more about how animals deal with environmental noise. Humans might get better soundproofing ideas(隔音设计)from it too!"可推知,研究蜘蛛如何适应噪声有助于人类找到更好的隔音方法。故选C。
思路引导 阅读理解解题技巧
(1)仔细阅读题目
明确问题:仔细阅读题目,理解题目问的是什么。注意题目中的关键词,如what、why、how等。
定位关键词:在题目中找到关键词,这些关键词会帮助你在文章中快速找到相关信息。
(2)快速定位信息
扫描文章:快速浏览文章,找到与题目相关的段落或句子,可以使用关键词来帮助定位。
标记重要信息:在阅读过程中,用笔标记或画线标出重要的细节和信息,以便后续查找。
(3)仔细比对信息
核对细节:找到相关段落后,仔细比对题目中的信息和文章中的内容,确保完全一致。
排除干扰项:注意排除干扰项,这些选项可能在文章中提到了,但与题目要求不符。
(4)理解上下文
理解语境:不要只关注个别单词或句子,要结合上下文理解整个段落的意思。
推断隐含信息:有时题目要求的细节可能不是直接给出的,需要根据上下文推断出来。
(5)注意逻辑关系
因果关系:注意文章中的因果关系,理解为什么某件事会发生或某个结果会出现。
时间顺序:如果题目涉及时间顺序,注意文章中描述事件的时间线索。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、句子还原、推理判断四类题型，解题思路如下：
1. 第62题（词义猜测题）：需结合上下文语境，找到与“bugs”指代相关的内容，文中明确提到蜘蛛等待的是昆虫，据此判断词义；
2. 第63题（细节理解题）：定位原文中关于城市蜘蛛适应噪声的描述，直接匹配选项内容；
3. 第64题（句子还原题）：分析待填句子的逻辑（强调自然的神奇），结合上下文段落的语境，判断句子应放置的位置；
4. 第65题（推理判断题）：定位原文中关于研究对人类帮助的内容，推断出与隔音相关的结论，匹配选项。
【解析】
62. A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中第三段“They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To do this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations right away when an insect touches its web.”可知，蜘蛛在网中等待的是昆虫，故“bugs”指昆虫，选A。
63. D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第四段“The spiders adapt to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points.”可知，城市蜘蛛通过织更厚、更结实的网适应噪声，选D。
64. C 解析：句子还原题。“But nature's full of surprises!”强调自然的神奇，结合上下文，第三段讲述城市蜘蛛适应噪声的变化，该句放在③处可突出自然的奇妙，选C。
65. C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Humans might get better soundproofing ideas from it too!”可知，研究蜘蛛的变化能帮助人类获得更好的隔音设计，选C。
【答案】
62.A 63.D 64.C 65.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题是一篇关于城市噪声对生物影响的英语阅读理解题，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，要求学生掌握定位原文、比对信息、结合语境等解题技巧，是考查学生英语阅读能力的典型练习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、句子还原、推理判断四类题型，解题思路如下：
1. 第62题（词义猜测题）：需结合上下文语境，找到与“bugs”指代相关的内容，文中明确提到蜘蛛等待的是昆虫，据此判断词义；
2. 第63题（细节理解题）：定位原文中关于城市蜘蛛适应噪声的描述，直接匹配选项内容；
3. 第64题（句子还原题）：分析待填句子的逻辑（强调自然的神奇），结合上下文段落的语境，判断句子应放置的位置；
4. 第65题（推理判断题）：定位原文中关于研究对人类帮助的内容，推断出与隔音相关的结论，匹配选项。
【解析】
62. A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文中第三段“They wait in their webs for bugs. Then, they quickly move to bite. To do this, the spider needs to feel the vibrations right away when an insect touches its web.”可知，蜘蛛在网中等待的是昆虫，故“bugs”指昆虫，选A。
63. D 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第四段“The spiders adapt to noise by creating thicker webs with stronger silk and more connection points.”可知，城市蜘蛛通过织更厚、更结实的网适应噪声，选D。
64. C 解析：句子还原题。“But nature's full of surprises!”强调自然的神奇，结合上下文，第三段讲述城市蜘蛛适应噪声的变化，该句放在③处可突出自然的奇妙，选C。
65. C 解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Humans might get better soundproofing ideas from it too!”可知，研究蜘蛛的变化能帮助人类获得更好的隔音设计，选C。
【答案】
62.A 63.D 64.C 65.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题是一篇关于城市噪声对生物影响的英语阅读理解题，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，要求学生掌握定位原文、比对信息、结合语境等解题技巧，是考查学生英语阅读能力的典型练习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
