一、(2025 南京期中)阅读理解。
新素养·价值导向
建议用时：10 分钟
难度：★★★★☆
(一)选择合适的句子补全故事，将序号填在横线上，有两项为多余选项。
There were many plants in a forest. When spring came, a pine tree saw a red rose nearby and said, “1. I wish I were that lovely.”
The rose proudly said, “It seems that I am the most beautiful flower in this forest.” Then the rose looked at a cactus(仙人掌) and said, “Look at that ugly plant full of thorns(刺)!” “What a proud flower!” thought the pine tree.
As days passed, the red rose often looked at the cactus and said bad words about it, like “This plant is useless. How sorry I am to be his neighbour!”
The cactus never got angry and even tried to advise the rose.
Spring passed, and the weather became very hot. 2. One day the rose saw birds put their beaks(喙) into the cactus and then fly away. 3. The pine tree explained that the birds were getting water from the cactus.
“4. ” asked the rose.

“Yes. You can also drink some from it. The birds can bring water to you if you ask the cactus for help.”
The red rose felt too ashamed(羞愧的) to ask for water from the cactus. 5. The cactus kindly agreed to help the rose.
The rose learned a lesson and never judged(评价) anyone by their appearance(外表) again.
(二)根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。
()1. Why did the birds put their beaks into the cactus?
A. To get water.
B. To eat food.
C. To offer help.
D. To talk to cactus.
()2. Which of the following words can best describe(描述) the cactus?
A. Proud.
B. Selfish.
C. Kind.
D. Helpless.

(一)1. C 2. E 3. B 4. G 5. A
(二)1. A 2. C

【分析】
我们可以顺着故事情节的发展脉络，结合上下文给出的线索逐一匹配选项：
1. 第一空后松树说“我真希望我能那么可爱”，说明空格处是松树夸赞玫瑰的语句，直接对应赞美花外观的选项。
2. 第二空前文提到春天过去天气变得炎热，后文出现鸟类从仙人掌处取水的情节，说明此时出现了干旱缺水的状况，对应描述干旱后果的选项。
3. 第三空前文写玫瑰看到鸟类把喙伸进仙人掌后飞走，后文松树给玫瑰解释鸟类的行为，说明空格处是玫瑰向松树询问鸟类的动作，对应相关提问的选项。
4. 第四空后文松树给出了“Yes”的肯定回答，说明空格是一般疑问句，结合前文提到鸟类从仙人掌处取水的信息，对应询问仙人掌是否有水的选项。
5. 第五空前文说玫瑰羞愧得不好意思开口求助，后文写仙人掌同意帮忙，说明此处是转折衔接，对应玫瑰最终开口求助的选项。剩余两个选项完全不符合情节逻辑，属于多余干扰项。
第二部分的选择题，第一题直接从原文松树的解释里定位答案，第二题结合仙人掌的行为细节就能推断出它的性格特质。
【解析】
(一) 补全故事
1. 空后松树表述“我真希望我能那么可爱”，说明此处是松树对红玫瑰的赞美，C选项“多么漂亮的花啊！”完全符合语境，选C。
2. 前文提到春去之后天气十分炎热，后文出现鸟类从仙人掌获取水分的情节，说明此时处于干旱状态，E选项“因为没有下雨，红玫瑰开始枯萎”符合干旱的情节设定，选E。
3. 前文描述玫瑰看到鸟类将喙探入仙人掌后飞走，后文松树向玫瑰解释鸟类的行为，说明此处是玫瑰向松树询问鸟类的动作，B选项“红玫瑰问松树这些鸟在做什么”符合逻辑，选B。
4. 后文松树给出了“Yes”的肯定答复，说明空格处是一般疑问句，结合前文鸟类从仙人掌取水的信息，G选项“仙人掌有水？”是玫瑰的疑问，符合问答逻辑，选G。
5. 前文提到红玫瑰羞愧得不好意思向仙人掌求助，后文写仙人掌善意同意帮忙，A选项“但是最后它还是向仙人掌求助了”起到转折衔接的作用，选A。
(二) 选择最佳选项
1. 原文中松树明确解释“the birds were getting water from the cactus”，说明鸟类把喙伸进仙人掌是为了取水，对应选项A。
2. 文中仙人掌被红玫瑰恶意嘲讽也从不生气，最后还善意同意帮助缺水的玫瑰，能看出仙人掌的性格是善良的，对应选项C。
【答案】
(一)1. C 2. E 3. B 4. G 5. A
(二)1. A 2. C
【知识点】
语境逻辑匹配，细节信息查找，人物形象推断
【点评】
本题以“不要以貌取人”的寓言故事为载体，既考察学生对语篇整体情节逻辑的梳理能力，也考察基础阅读的信息提取能力，贴合新课标素养导向，解题时重点关注情节的先后顺序、问答的对应关系，就能轻松排除干扰项选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.6