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五、阅读理解。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:善待生命
语篇类型:记叙文
词数:364
难度:★★★
When I was a child, things were not good for animals. People liked visiting zoos, but I didn't. Some people might find the dolphins' tea parties funny or the bird shows enjoyable, but I didn't. It seemed that the animals were in a circus(马戏团).
I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I thought those things were just cold and cruel. However, we didn't have the law to stop the bad things.
Happily, as time went by, laws were starting to play their roles in animal care and people began to stand on the animals' side. Circuses could not use wild animals for making money any more and zoos couldn't either.
When my children were young, I sometimes took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in small cages and the monkeys looked bored as they sat peeling bananas. As a result, animal lovers are often against zoos. They say animals should get back to nature. However, zoo animals have a longer life. They are just not free. Yes, they are not free to be killed, not free to die of hunger or thirst. Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn't so bad.
Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them. Sometime in the future these animals may get back to nature and really share this planet with humans. We should always care about them and remember that humans aren't the owners of this planet.
1. From Paragraph 2, we can see that the writer believed circus animals .
A. were talented in games
B. lived a terrible life
C. were cold and cruel
D. liked working with people
2. According to the passage, the writer would agree that .
A. zoo animals should go back to nature at once
B. humans are not good at taking care of animals
C. humans are the owners of the planet
D. zoos now have a better environment for animals
3. 创新考法 篇章结构 What is the structure of the passage?
A. ①②/③④/⑤
B. ①②/③④⑤
C. ①/②③④⑤
D. ①/②③④/⑤
主题群:自然生态
子主题:善待生命
语篇类型:记叙文
词数:364
难度:★★★
When I was a child, things were not good for animals. People liked visiting zoos, but I didn't. Some people might find the dolphins' tea parties funny or the bird shows enjoyable, but I didn't. It seemed that the animals were in a circus(马戏团).
I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I thought those things were just cold and cruel. However, we didn't have the law to stop the bad things.
Happily, as time went by, laws were starting to play their roles in animal care and people began to stand on the animals' side. Circuses could not use wild animals for making money any more and zoos couldn't either.
When my children were young, I sometimes took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in small cages and the monkeys looked bored as they sat peeling bananas. As a result, animal lovers are often against zoos. They say animals should get back to nature. However, zoo animals have a longer life. They are just not free. Yes, they are not free to be killed, not free to die of hunger or thirst. Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn't so bad.
Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them. Sometime in the future these animals may get back to nature and really share this planet with humans. We should always care about them and remember that humans aren't the owners of this planet.
1. From Paragraph 2, we can see that the writer believed circus animals .
A. were talented in games
B. lived a terrible life
C. were cold and cruel
D. liked working with people
2. According to the passage, the writer would agree that .
A. zoo animals should go back to nature at once
B. humans are not good at taking care of animals
C. humans are the owners of the planet
D. zoos now have a better environment for animals
3. 创新考法 篇章结构 What is the structure of the passage?
A. ①②/③④/⑤
B. ①②/③④⑤
C. ①/②③④⑤
D. ①/②③④/⑤
答案
1. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I thought those things were just cold and cruel.”可知,作者认为马戏团的动物过着糟糕的生活。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第五段中"Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places."可知,如今大多数动物园里的动物都是在宽敞舒适的地方出生和长大的。由此可推知,作者会认为动物园现在可以给动物提供更好的环境。
3. A 篇章结构题。第一、二段作者讲述在她小时候,马戏团的动物过着糟糕的生活;第三到第四段主要讲动物的生活环境在朝好的方向发展;第五段讲现在动物在动物园里的美好生活并表达了作者对未来的展望。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第五段中"Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places."可知,如今大多数动物园里的动物都是在宽敞舒适的地方出生和长大的。由此可推知,作者会认为动物园现在可以给动物提供更好的环境。
3. A 篇章结构题。第一、二段作者讲述在她小时候,马戏团的动物过着糟糕的生活;第三到第四段主要讲动物的生活环境在朝好的方向发展;第五段讲现在动物在动物园里的美好生活并表达了作者对未来的展望。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文梳理行文的时间线：作者回忆童年时动物的糟糕生存处境→后续动物保护相关法规出台，动物处境逐步改善→当下动物园动物的生存状态+对未来人与动物共处的展望。再逐个处理题目：
1. 第一题明确限定定位到第二段，先提取作者对马戏团动物相关行为的评价，排除和原文不符的干扰选项即可得出答案。
2. 第二题是作者观点类推理，把每个选项带回原文逐一比对，匹配作者真实态度的就是正确答案。
3. 第三题是篇章结构题，先逐段概括段意，把主题相近、属于同一内容模块的段落合并，就能匹配出正确的结构划分。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到原文第二段，作者提到看到马戏团强迫动物表演、戏弄狮子、让大象载人等行为，认为这些事冷酷又残忍，说明马戏团的动物遭遇很差，过着糟糕的生活。逐一排除错误选项：A选项“动物擅长游戏”原文完全未提及；C选项偷换概念，原文是作者认为人类的表演行为冷酷残忍，并非动物本身冷酷残忍；D选项“动物喜欢和人一起工作”和动物被迫表演的语境完全相悖，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项：A选项“动物园动物应该立刻回归自然”，原文第四段仅提到动物爱好者呼吁动物回归自然，作者并没有支持立刻放归的表述，反而指出圈养的动物不会被猎杀、不会渴死饿死，排除A；B选项“人类不擅长照顾动物”和原文第五段提到的有经验的工作人员照料动物的表述相悖，排除B；C选项“人类是地球的主人”和原文最后一句“humans aren't the owners of this planet”完全相反，排除C；D选项“现在动物园给动物提供更好的环境”对应第五段“Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places”，符合作者观点，因此选D。
3. 第3题：逐段梳理内容：第1、2段都属于作者回忆童年时期，马戏团、旧动物园里动物处境糟糕的内容，是第一部分；第3、4段讲随着时间推移，动物保护相关法规出台，人们开始站在动物这边，讨论圈养动物的利弊，属于动物处境逐步改善的过渡阶段，是第二部分；第5段讲当下动物园动物的舒适生存状态，以及作者对未来动物回归自然的展望，是第三部分。对应结构就是①②/③④/⑤，因此选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A
【知识点】
细节推理判断，篇章结构梳理，原文信息定位
【点评】
本篇属于自然生态主题的记叙文，以时间为线索串联不同阶段动物的生存状态，既考察学生抓取细节、推理作者态度的基础阅读能力，也创新考察了篇章结构划分的综合能力，同时渗透了善待生命、人与自然和谐共处的价值导向，学生容易在第三题的分层上出错，需要注意按照内容主题而非段落数量来划分模块。
【难度系数】
0.65
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先先通读全文梳理行文的时间线：作者回忆童年时动物的糟糕生存处境→后续动物保护相关法规出台，动物处境逐步改善→当下动物园动物的生存状态+对未来人与动物共处的展望。再逐个处理题目：
1. 第一题明确限定定位到第二段，先提取作者对马戏团动物相关行为的评价，排除和原文不符的干扰选项即可得出答案。
2. 第二题是作者观点类推理，把每个选项带回原文逐一比对，匹配作者真实态度的就是正确答案。
3. 第三题是篇章结构题，先逐段概括段意，把主题相近、属于同一内容模块的段落合并，就能匹配出正确的结构划分。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位到原文第二段，作者提到看到马戏团强迫动物表演、戏弄狮子、让大象载人等行为，认为这些事冷酷又残忍，说明马戏团的动物遭遇很差，过着糟糕的生活。逐一排除错误选项：A选项“动物擅长游戏”原文完全未提及；C选项偷换概念，原文是作者认为人类的表演行为冷酷残忍，并非动物本身冷酷残忍；D选项“动物喜欢和人一起工作”和动物被迫表演的语境完全相悖，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项：A选项“动物园动物应该立刻回归自然”，原文第四段仅提到动物爱好者呼吁动物回归自然，作者并没有支持立刻放归的表述，反而指出圈养的动物不会被猎杀、不会渴死饿死，排除A；B选项“人类不擅长照顾动物”和原文第五段提到的有经验的工作人员照料动物的表述相悖，排除B；C选项“人类是地球的主人”和原文最后一句“humans aren't the owners of this planet”完全相反，排除C；D选项“现在动物园给动物提供更好的环境”对应第五段“Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in comfortable large places”，符合作者观点，因此选D。
3. 第3题：逐段梳理内容：第1、2段都属于作者回忆童年时期，马戏团、旧动物园里动物处境糟糕的内容，是第一部分；第3、4段讲随着时间推移，动物保护相关法规出台，人们开始站在动物这边，讨论圈养动物的利弊，属于动物处境逐步改善的过渡阶段，是第二部分；第5段讲当下动物园动物的舒适生存状态，以及作者对未来动物回归自然的展望，是第三部分。对应结构就是①②/③④/⑤，因此选A。
【答案】
1. B 2. D 3. A
【知识点】
细节推理判断，篇章结构梳理，原文信息定位
【点评】
本篇属于自然生态主题的记叙文，以时间为线索串联不同阶段动物的生存状态，既考察学生抓取细节、推理作者态度的基础阅读能力，也创新考察了篇章结构划分的综合能力，同时渗透了善待生命、人与自然和谐共处的价值导向，学生容易在第三题的分层上出错，需要注意按照内容主题而非段落数量来划分模块。
【难度系数】
0.65
