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E 新素材 宇航员在太空中的生活(2025·南充中考)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
The astronauts of Shenzhou 20-Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and
Wang Jie-worked for about eight hours and 1.
the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space?
After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In
space, some foods can 2.
such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to
heat.
After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3.
bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie
4.
bodies 5.
put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6.
sleep each day after they finish their task.
Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut's daily
life. 7.
hours every day. Lifting 200 8.
work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be
much 9.
be 10.
receive the exercise needed.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
The astronauts of Shenzhou 20-Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and
Wang Jie-worked for about eight hours and 1.
completed
(complete)the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space?
After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In
space, some foods can 2.
be eaten
(eat) in their natural forms,such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to
heat.
After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3.
and
go tobed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie
4.
themselves
(they), so they don't float around or hit theirbodies 5.
against/on
something. They usually use sleeping bags that areput in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6.
an
eight-hoursleep each day after they finish their task.
Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut's daily
life. 7.
To keep
(keep) healthy, on average, they exercise twohours every day. Lifting 200 8.
pounds
(pound) may be a lot ofwork on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be
much 9.
easier
(easy). That means sports equipment needs tobe 10.
specially
(special) designed. Therefore, astronauts canreceive the exercise needed.
答案
E 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章从饮食、睡眠和锻炼三个方面介绍了神舟二十号宇航员在太空中的生活。
1. completed [解析]句意:神舟二十号的宇航员——陈冬、陈中瑞和王杰——工作了大约八个小时,并于5月22日完成了首次太空行走。根据“worked”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式completed“完成”。故填completed。
2. be eaten [解析]句意:在太空中,有些食物可以以天然形态食用,比如巧克力蛋糕和水果。主语“some foods”和动词eat之间是被动关系,故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态can be done。故填be eaten。
3. and [解析]句意:晚餐后,宇航员们会休息一下,刷牙,然后上床睡觉,就像在地球上一样。前后几个动作是并列关系,用and连接。故填and。
4. themselves [解析]句意:睡觉时,他们必须把自己固定住,以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。主语和宾语是同一个人,用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
5. against/on [解析]句意:睡觉时,他们必须把自己固定住,以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。根据“hit their bodies...something”可知,把自己固定住是为了防止身体撞到某物,用介词against或on。故填against/on。
6. an [解析]句意:一般来说,宇航员们在完成任务后每天会睡八个小时。此处表示泛指,eight是发音以元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
7. To keep [解析]句意:为了保持健康,他们平均每天锻炼两个小时。“保持健康”是目的,用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。
8. pounds [解析]句意:在地球上,举起200磅的物体可能很费力。数词200后加可数名词复数pounds“磅”。故填pounds。
9. easier [解析]句意:但在太空中,举起同样的物体要容易得多。much修饰比较级。故填easier。
10. specially [解析]句意:这意味着运动器材需要专门设计。此处修饰动词用副词specially“专门地”。故填specially。
1. completed [解析]句意:神舟二十号的宇航员——陈冬、陈中瑞和王杰——工作了大约八个小时,并于5月22日完成了首次太空行走。根据“worked”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式completed“完成”。故填completed。
2. be eaten [解析]句意:在太空中,有些食物可以以天然形态食用,比如巧克力蛋糕和水果。主语“some foods”和动词eat之间是被动关系,故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态can be done。故填be eaten。
3. and [解析]句意:晚餐后,宇航员们会休息一下,刷牙,然后上床睡觉,就像在地球上一样。前后几个动作是并列关系,用and连接。故填and。
4. themselves [解析]句意:睡觉时,他们必须把自己固定住,以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。主语和宾语是同一个人,用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
5. against/on [解析]句意:睡觉时,他们必须把自己固定住,以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。根据“hit their bodies...something”可知,把自己固定住是为了防止身体撞到某物,用介词against或on。故填against/on。
6. an [解析]句意:一般来说,宇航员们在完成任务后每天会睡八个小时。此处表示泛指,eight是发音以元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
7. To keep [解析]句意:为了保持健康,他们平均每天锻炼两个小时。“保持健康”是目的,用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。
8. pounds [解析]句意:在地球上,举起200磅的物体可能很费力。数词200后加可数名词复数pounds“磅”。故填pounds。
9. easier [解析]句意:但在太空中,举起同样的物体要容易得多。much修饰比较级。故填easier。
10. specially [解析]句意:这意味着运动器材需要专门设计。此处修饰动词用副词specially“专门地”。故填specially。
解析
【分析】本文是介绍神舟二十号宇航员太空生活的说明文，需结合语境和英语语法规则完成填空。解题时，先通读全文把握大意，再逐句分析空格处的语法成分：1. 根据并列动词的时态确定形式；2. 分析主语与动词的主被动关系；3. 判断动作间的逻辑关系；4. 明确代词的指代类型；5. 结合语境确定介词搭配；6. 依据冠词用法规则选择；7. 分析目的状语的表达形式；8. 结合数词确定名词形式；9. 依据比较级的修饰规则；10. 明确词性转换要求。
【解析】1. 由并列的过去式动词worked可知，句子为一般过去时，故填completed；2. 主语some foods是动作eat的承受者，需用情态动词can的被动语态，结构为can be done，故填be eaten；3. 句中“休息、刷牙、上床睡觉”是并列动作，用and连接，故填and；4. 主语they与宾语指代同一群体，需用反身代词，故填themselves；5. 结合语境“撞到某物”，固定搭配为hit against/on sth，故填against/on；6. 此处泛指“一段八小时的睡眠”，eight-hour以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an；7. “保持健康”是锻炼的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To keep；8. 数词200后接可数名词复数，故填pounds；9. much修饰形容词比较级，easy的比较级为easier，故填easier；10. 此处修饰动词designed，需用副词，specially是副词，故填specially。
【答案】1. completed 2. be eaten 3. and 4. themselves 5. against/on 6. an 7. To keep 8. pounds 9. easier 10. specially
【知识点】一般过去时、被动语态、反身代词
【点评】本文以神舟二十号宇航员太空生活为新素材，考查英语基础语法的运用，要求学生结合语境分析句子结构，贴近生活实际，注重基础知识的应用。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 由并列的过去式动词worked可知，句子为一般过去时，故填completed；2. 主语some foods是动作eat的承受者，需用情态动词can的被动语态，结构为can be done，故填be eaten；3. 句中“休息、刷牙、上床睡觉”是并列动作，用and连接，故填and；4. 主语they与宾语指代同一群体，需用反身代词，故填themselves；5. 结合语境“撞到某物”，固定搭配为hit against/on sth，故填against/on；6. 此处泛指“一段八小时的睡眠”，eight-hour以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an；7. “保持健康”是锻炼的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To keep；8. 数词200后接可数名词复数，故填pounds；9. much修饰形容词比较级，easy的比较级为easier，故填easier；10. 此处修饰动词designed，需用副词，specially是副词，故填specially。
【答案】1. completed 2. be eaten 3. and 4. themselves 5. against/on 6. an 7. To keep 8. pounds 9. easier 10. specially
【知识点】一般过去时、被动语态、反身代词
【点评】本文以神舟二十号宇航员太空生活为新素材，考查英语基础语法的运用，要求学生结合语境分析句子结构，贴近生活实际，注重基础知识的应用。
【难度系数】0.6
