B. 阅读下面的短文,根据括号内所给汉语意思或音标提示写出单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。
Last Friday, our class organised a small activity to learn about protecting nature in the school yard. We first put up a 6 （布告牌）near the flower bed to tell other students about saving plants. Then, our science teacher brought several 7 （模型）, and explained how each 8 （行星）in the solar system influences the earth. She told us that plastic waste is 9 （很可能）hurting many animals. After that, we helped 10 （清理）the fallen leaves and plastic bags around the playground.
In the afternoon, our teacher asked us to 11 （/ˌʌpˈləʊd/）the photos of our activity to the school's online platform. Then we talked about how to protect 12 （鲸）from being hurt by fishing nets. We also discussed stopping factories from pouring different kinds of harmful 13 （化学品）into the sea. We learnt that 14 （滚烫的）water from power plants can destroy the homes of sea animals. Finally, we discussed how students can take action to make the 15 （环境）greener. This activity let us understand that protecting nature starts with small things.

6. board 7. models 8. planet 9. probably 10. clear 11. upload 12. whales 13. chemicals 14. boiling 15. environment

【分析】
解题思路：根据每个空的提示（汉语意思或音标），结合句子的语法规则（如名词单复数、冠词、代词、固定搭配、词性要求等）确定单词的正确形式。步骤为：先判断提示类型，再确定空格处的词性，最后结合语法要求调整单词形式，确保符合语境。
【解析】
6. 提示为“布告牌”，空格前有不定冠词a，需用单数名词，故填board；
7. several后接可数名词复数，“模型”对应的名词是model，复数形式为models，故填models；
8. each后接可数名词单数，“行星”对应的名词是planet，故填planet；
9. 空格处修饰动词hurting，需用副词，“很可能”对应的副词是probably，故填probably；
10. 固定搭配help (to) do sth.，“清理”对应的动词是clear，故填clear；
11. 根据音标/ˌʌpˈləʊd/，对应动词upload，故填upload；
12. 此处泛指鲸这类动物，需用名词复数，“鲸”对应的名词是whale，复数形式为whales，故填whales；
13. different kinds of后接可数名词复数，“化学品”对应的名词是chemical，复数形式为chemicals，故填chemicals；
14. 空格处修饰名词water，需用形容词，“滚烫的”对应的形容词是boiling，故填boiling；
15. “环境”对应的名词是environment，符合语境，故填environment。
【答案】
6. board 7. models 8. planet 9. probably 10. clear 11. upload 12. whales 13. chemicals 14. boiling 15. environment
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、名词单复数、词性辨析
【点评】
本题为基础英语单词填空题，考察课标核心词汇掌握及基础语法知识，难度较低，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、语法填空
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you like going climbing? Can you imagine 16 (reach) the top of a mountain without feeling tired? That sounds like 17 dream, right? Well, in many scenic spots across China, it has become a reality. People call this trend "painless tourism(无痛旅游)".
So what is "painless tourism"? It's all about making outdoor adventures(户外冒险) easier and more relaxing for everyone. Take Mount Tianyushan in Zhejiang for example. 18 the mountain is only about 350 metres high, the way to its top is long and has many turns. In the past, tourists had to walk for about 50 minutes 19 (enjoy) the wonderful views(风景) at the top. It was 20 (especial) hard for children and the elderly. But now, people of all ages can take the escalator(自动扶梯) instead 21 climbing painfully. While rising, they can happily enjoy 22 (music) sounds of nature, like birdsong and the rustling of leaves.
"Painless tourism" is becoming increasingly popular in China. One of the main 23 (reason) is that it saves a lot of time and energy. However, not everyone is a fan of "painless tourism". Some people are worried that if everything is too convenient, they 24 (lose) the chance to experience the real excitement of adventures. 25 (they) point is that challenges(挑战) can make journeys unforgettable.
Anyway, "painless tourism" is changing how people enjoy nature in China. In the future, there will be more interesting and relaxing travel experiences.

16. reaching 17. a 18. Although/Though 19. to enjoy 20. especially 21. of 22. musical 23. reasons 24. will lose 25. Their

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合短文语境、固定搭配及英语语法规则（如词性转换、从句类型、时态、冠词用法等）逐个分析空格。解题时先通读全文理解“无痛旅游”的主题，再针对每个空格的考点推导答案：16题考查imagine的固定用法；17题考查冠词泛指用法；18题考查让步状语从句引导词；19题考查不定式作目的状语；20题考查副词修饰形容词；21题考查固定搭配；22题考查形容词修饰名词；23题考查one of后接名词复数；24题考查if条件句的时态规则；25题考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
【解析】
16. 固定搭配imagine doing sth，意为“想象做某事”，故填reach的动名词形式reaching；
17. dream是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个梦想”，且以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a；
18. 前后句为让步关系，“虽然山仅约350米高，但登顶之路漫长多弯”，故填引导让步状语从句的Although/Though；
19. 此处表“走50分钟”的目的是欣赏山顶风景，用不定式作目的状语，故填to enjoy；
20. 修饰形容词hard需用副词，especial的副词形式为especially，故填especially；
21. 固定搭配instead of，意为“代替、而不是”，故填of；
22. 修饰名词sounds需用形容词，music的形容词形式为musical，故填musical；
23. one of后接可数名词复数，意为“……之一”，reason的复数为reasons，故填reasons；
24. if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，此处主句表将来动作，故填will lose；
25. 修饰名词point需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为Their，故填Their。
【答案】
16. reaching 17. a 18. Although/Though 19. to enjoy 20. especially 21. of 22. musical 23. reasons 24. will lose 25. Their
【知识点】
动名词的用法；冠词的用法；让步状语从句；词性转换；固定搭配；一般将来时
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心语法基础，涵盖固定搭配、词性转换、从句、时态等高频考点，注重语境与语法规则的结合，难度适中，适合巩固语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.6