2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语下册译林版徐州专版第73页答案
五、根据课文改编内容,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I 1 (can). And I was tired out. I went to sleep. When I woke up, the sun 2 (rise), but I could not move. Just at that moment, I felt something on 3 (I) leg. I looked down and saw 4 very small man. Soon more small men started climbing all over me. I shouted at them. One of these small 5 (man) began talking to me, 6 I could not understand him. I did not know what to say 7 (too).
When I lifted my left hand into the air, the small men began to shout. I looked down and saw a huge army 8 tiny people. They were coming straight towards me. "I must get away from 9 (they)," I thought, but I did not know how 10 (get) away.
1.
could
2.
was rising
3.
my
4.
a
5.
men

6.
but
7.
either
8.
of
9.
them
10.
to get

答案

五、1. could 2. was rising 3. my 4. a 5. men 6. but 7. either 8. of 9. them 10. to get

解析

【分析】
这是一篇结合课文改编的故事类语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确整个故事的叙事背景是过去发生的事件,整体时态基调为过去相关时态,之后逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文逻辑推导答案:
1. 带提示词的空格,先判断空格处的词性要求,再结合上下文的时态、搭配规则对提示词做正确变形;
2. 没有提示词的空格,结合前后句的逻辑关系、固定短语搭配,判断需要填入的冠词、连词、介词等虚词;
3. 最后通读填完的短文,检查整体逻辑和语法是否通顺合理。
【解析】
1. 空1:句子整体时态为一般过去时,前面的谓语swam是过去式,固定结构as far as I could表示“尽我所能”,情态动词can要变为过去式could。
2. 空2:句意为“当我醒来的时候,太阳正在升起”,强调过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,要用过去进行时,主语the sun是单数,因此填was rising。
3. 空3:空格后有名词leg,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,主格I对应的形容词性物主代词是my。
4. 空4:此处泛指“一个非常小的人”,very以辅音音素开头,因此用不定冠词a。
5. 空5:固定结构one of + 可数名词复数,表示“……之一”,单数名词man要变为复数形式men。
6. 空6:前半句“其中一个小人开始和我说话”,后半句“我听不懂他的话”,前后是转折逻辑,填入转折连词but。
7. 空7:本句为否定句,否定句中表示“也”不能用too,要替换为either。
8. 空8:固定搭配a huge army of 表示“一大群……”,填入介词of。
9. 空9:介词from后面要跟人称代词的宾格形式,主格they对应的宾格是them。
10. 空10:固定结构“疑问词+不定式”作动词know的宾语,how to get away表示“如何逃离”,因此填to get。
【答案】
1. could 2. was rising 3. my 4. a 5. men 6. but 7. either 8. of 9. them 10. to get
【知识点】
动词时态变形,代词用法,固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是贴合课内课文的基础语法填空题,考察的都是初中阶段的核心基础语法点,难度偏低,需要学生注意区分肯定句和否定句中“也”的不同表达,以及one of加名词复数、疑问词加不定式的固定规则,夯实基础即可顺利得分。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、完形填空。(2025·江苏南京新城初级中学期中)
While you are in trouble, what are you going to do? What? Cry? Or run away? Those are all the wrong ways! Robinson Crusoe can tell you the 1 answer!
It is 2 exciting story: Robinson Crusoe hated the comfortable life in his hometown, 3 he wanted to be a seaman and travelled around the world. But one day a terrible thing happened. A great storm came and their boat crashed! No one was alive in this accident 4 Robinson. He was the 5 man in the world, because all his friends were 6 but he was alive. 7, at the same time he was the most tragic(悲惨的) man of all. He must face the fact.
Alone on an island 8 food, water or gun! But all roads lead to Rome! He just used his 9 to work hard! Then he made a cave, built a house, grew corn and kept goats. In the end he could 10 the life on the island.
In his twenty-fourth year on the island he saved a wild man and gave him the name of "Friday". With Robinson's teaching, "Friday" became a good servant(佣人). Finally they got a boat and 11 the island.
Surely the writer of Robinson Crusoe is 12 a hero! It's too hard to describe Robinson with words. We could say that Robinson was very 13 and he was also brave. Certainly 14 good words can describe him. But now I think it isn't important. However, the most important thing is 15 we have learned from the story. That is, use our own hands to work hard with confidence!
(
B
)1. A. wrong B. right C. necessary D. funny
(
B
)2. A. / B. an C. a D. the
(
D
)3. A. and B. but C. while D. so
(
A
)4. A. except B. besides C. expect D. as well
(
C
)5. A. cleverest B. kindest C. luckiest D. happiest
(
C
)6. A. crazy B. lost C. dead D. safe
(
A
)7. A. However B. And C. So D. Finally
(
B
)8. A. with B. without C. have D. has
(
D
)9. A. money B. body C. heart D. hands
(
D
)10. A. learn B. forget C. fall D. enjoy
(
C
)11. A. lived on B. travelled around C. went away from D. left for
(
A
)12. A. really B. real C. true D. truly
(
A
)13. A. clever B. funny C. honest D. shy
(
B
)14. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too
(
C
)15. A. where B. how C. what D. how many

答案

六、1. B 【点拨】根据前文“Those are all the wrong ways!”可知,前面说到的都是错误的方式,可推测《鲁滨逊漂流记》能告诉的是正确的答案。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】story 是单数名词,且 exciting 是以元音音素开头的单词,此处用不定冠词 an 表泛指。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】空格前后两句存在因果关系,前因后果,用 so 来连接。故选 D。
4. A 【点拨】根据“No one was alive in this accident”可知,除了他,没人活着。故选 A。
5. C 【点拨】根据前文“No one was alive in this accident except Robinson.”可知,除了鲁滨逊没有人在这场事故中存活下来,可推测他是最幸运的。故选 C。
6. C 【点拨】根据空后“but he was alive”可知,前后表示转折关系,与 alive“活着”相反,可推测朋友们都死了。故选 C。
7. A 【点拨】根据前文“He was the luckiest man in the world.”及后文“he was the most tragic(悲惨的) man of all”可知,前面说鲁滨逊是最幸运的,后面又说他是最悲惨的,前后为转折关系。故选 A。
8. B 【点拨】根据前文“he was the most tragic(悲惨的) man of all”可知,鲁滨逊的处境是悲惨的,可推测没有食物、水和枪,且分析句子结构,空处应是介词,用 without。故选 B。
9. D 【点拨】根据后文可知,鲁滨逊造了一个山洞、盖了一所房子、种玉米、养山羊。这些事情都是鲁滨逊靠双手创造出来的。故选 D。
10. D 【点拨】根据前文可知,鲁滨逊靠双手创造出了可生活的环境,可推测最后享受岛上生活。故选 D。
11. C 【点拨】根据空前“they got a boat”可推测,得到船的目的是要乘船离开小岛。故选 C。
12. A 【点拨】根据下文“It's too hard to describe Robinson with words.”可知,鲁滨逊是一个难以用语言形容的人,此处应用副词 really 来强调作者是一位英雄。故选 A。
13. A 【点拨】鲁滨逊能在孤岛上存活下来,可推测是聪明的。故选 A。
14. B 【点拨】words 是复数名词,其前用 too many 修饰。故选 B。
15. C 【点拨】分析句子结构可知,此处应是表语从句连接词,结合语义应用连接代词 what,表示我们从故事中所学到的东西。故选 C。

解析

【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,明确本文是围绕《鲁滨逊漂流记》的故事展开,核心传递遇到困境要靠双手努力、自信面对的主旨。解题时逐空结合上下文的情节提示、逻辑关系(因果、转折等),同时结合基础语法规则、词义辨析来逐一排除错误选项:
1. 先结合首段提示“遇到困难哭泣、逃避的方式都是错误的”,可推导鲁滨逊的故事能给出正确的应对答案;
2. 遇到冠词题要先判断泛指/特指,再看后面单词的音素开头匹配对应冠词;
3. 遇到连词题先判断前后句的逻辑是因果、转折还是并列,匹配对应连词;
4. 遇到形容词、副词、介词辨析题,结合故事里鲁滨逊的遭遇情节,对应匹配符合语境的选项,最后把所有答案代入全文通读验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题:前文明确提到遇到困难哭、逃跑都是错误的方式,对应鲁滨逊的故事能给出正确的答案,wrong错误的、necessary必要的、funny有趣的都不符合语境,选B。
2. 第2题:此处表泛指“一个令人兴奋的故事”,exciting是以元音音素开头的单词,不定冠词用an,选B。
3. 第3题:前半句“鲁滨逊讨厌家乡舒适的生活”,后半句“他想当海员环游世界”,二者是前因后果的因果关系,用so连接,and表并列、but表转折、while表对比/当…时,都不符合逻辑,选D。
4. 第4题:句意为这场事故里除了鲁滨逊之外没有其他人存活,except表示“除了…之外(不包含在内)”,besides是“除了…之外还有(包含在内)”,expect是动词“期待”,as well表示“也”,均不符合语义,选A。
5. 第5题:事故里只有鲁滨逊活下来,所以他是世界上最幸运的人,cleverest最聪明的、kindest最善良的、happiest最开心的都不符合语境,选C。
6. 第6题:后半句but he was alive表转折,说明他所有的朋友都死了,和alive构成反义,crazy疯狂的、lost丢失的、safe安全的都不符合,选C。
7. 第7题:前文说他是最幸运的人,后文说他同时是最悲惨的人,前后是转折关系,用However,and表并列、so表因果、finally表最终,都不符合逻辑,选A。
8. 第8题:他流落到荒岛上处境悲惨,没有食物、水和枪,此处需要介词表示“没有”,without是介词“没有”,with表带有,have/has是动词不能直接作伴随状语,选B。
9. 第9题:后文提到他挖洞穴、建房子、种玉米、养山羊,这些都是靠双手完成的,对应hands,money钱、body身体、heart心都不符合语境,选D。
10. 第10题:他靠自己的努力搭建好了生存的所有条件,最后可以享受岛上的生活,learn学习、forget忘记、fall掉落都不符合语义,选D。
11. 第11题:他们得到了一艘船,目的是离开这座小岛,lived on靠…生活、travelled around环游、left for动身去某地,都不符合“离开小岛”的语义,选C。
12. 第12题:此处需要副词修饰be动词is,强调鲁滨逊确实是一位值得学习的榜样,real和true都是形容词,truly用法不符合此处搭配,只有really符合要求,选A。
13. 第13题:鲁滨逊能在没有任何物资的荒岛上生存下来,说明他非常聪明,funny有趣的、honest诚实的、shy害羞的都不符合语境,选A。
14. 第14题:后面的words是可数名词复数,要用too many修饰,too much修饰不可数名词,much too修饰形容词/副词,不存在many too的用法,选B。
15. 第15题:此处是表语从句的引导词,表达“我们从这个故事中学到的东西”,连接代词what在从句中作learn的宾语,where表地点、how表方式、how many表数量,都不符合语义,选C。
【答案】
1-5 BBDAC 6-10 CABDD 11-15 CAABC
【知识点】
语境词义辨析,冠词用法,表语从句
【点评】
本篇完形填空以经典名著《鲁滨逊漂流记》为素材,考点覆盖初中英语核心的词法、句法知识点,既考查学生结合上下文逻辑推理判断选项的能力,也引导学生树立遇到困难不退缩、靠双手努力创造生活的正向价值观,整体考点偏向基础,少量易混辨析题需要学生仔细区分用法差异,适合初中中低年级学生巩固知识点使用。
【难度系数】
0.7