Passage 1(2025·南京市秦淮区期末)
Dogs are cute as well as hamsters. As humans' best friends, dogs are more than pets. They play an important role in everyday life.
Dogs have a close relationship with people for thousands of years. They were one of the 1 (one) animals to help people with tasks. Today, most dogs are pets. But there 2 (be) still important jobs for them to do.
Truffle(松露) dogs
In Italy, people use dogs 3 (search) for truffles. Truffles look 4 underground mushrooms. Pigs can find truffles, but they often eat them. Dogs find truffles too, but they leave 5 (they) alone.
Service dogs
Some dogs can help people with health 6 (problem). They do simple tasks for people who need help. Service dogs often wear special clothes. 7 you see one of these dogs, do not touch it. It is working hard!
Fire dogs
Dalmatians (斑点狗) are famous for 8 (work) at fire stations. In the past, they 9 (empty) the way for firemen and also kept their eyes on fire-fighting tools. Some stations still keep them.
Herding(放牧) dogs
For thousands of years, dogs helped people with herding. They keep farm animals together and guide them to the right place 10 (safe). Dogs can herd all kinds of animals, from sheep to cows.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. first 2. are 3. to search 4. like 5. them 6. problems 7. If/When 8. working 9. emptied 10. safely

【分析】
这篇短文介绍了狗在人类生活中承担的各类工作，解题时需结合语境、语法规则和固定搭配逐一分析每个空：
1. 第1空：“one of the”后需接序数词修饰名词，表达“最早的动物之一”，所以用first。
2. 第2空：考查there be句型，主语是复数名词jobs，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are。
3. 第3空：固定搭配“use sth to do sth”表示“用某物做某事”，因此填to search。
4. 第4空：固定短语“look like”表示“看起来像”，符合描述松露和地下蘑菇外形相似的语境，填like。
5. 第5空：动词leave后接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代truffles，所以用them。
6. 第6空：“health problems”是固定表达，指健康问题，此处表泛指用复数形式problems。
7. 第7空：结合语境，此处引导条件或时间状语从句，表达“如果/当你看到这类狗时”，可填If或When。
8. 第8空：“be famous for doing sth”是固定搭配，for是介词，后接动名词working。
9. 第9空：时间状语“In the past”表明句子用一般过去时，empty的过去式是emptied。
10. 第10空：需用副词修饰动词guide，表达“安全地引导”，将safe转换为副词safely。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据“one of the + 序数词 + 可数名词复数”的结构，此处表示“最早帮助人类完成任务的动物之一”，故填first。
2. 第2空：there be句型遵循“就近原则”，主语jobs是复数，时态为一般现在时，故填are。
3. 第3空：考查固定搭配use sth. to do sth.（用某物做某事），故填to search。
4. 第4空：考查固定短语look like（看起来像），符合语境中对松露外形的描述，故填like。
5. 第5空：动词leave后接人称代词宾格，指代truffles，故填them。
6. 第6空：“health problems”为固定搭配，指健康问题，此处表泛指用复数形式，故填problems。
7. 第7空：此处引导条件状语从句或时间状语从句，表达“如果/当你看到这类狗时”，故填If/When。
8. 第8空：be famous for后接动名词形式（for是介词），故填working。
9. 第9空：根据时间状语“In the past”，句子用一般过去时，empty的过去式是emptied，故填emptied。
10. 第10空：修饰动词guide需用副词，safe的副词形式是safely，故填safely。
【答案】
1. first 2. are 3. to search 4. like 5. them 6. problems 7. If/When 8. working 9. emptied 10. safely
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、动词时态变化、词性转换
【点评】
本文围绕狗的不同职能展开，考查初中阶段核心语法点与固定搭配，注重语境与语法的结合。解题时需熟练掌握序数词用法、there be句型、非谓语动词等基础知识点，同时结合上下文判断答案，适合巩固基础英语语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.6

Passage 2(2025·南通市如皋期末)
Seeds (种子) are like the "chips" of farming. In Shouguang, Shandong Province, things changed in the seed field. In the 1990s, foreign vegetable seeds in Shouguang took up 70%—80% of the market. These seeds had good quality, 1 they also brought problems. They were too expensive and often late, and sometimes even caused 2 (safe) problems like bad harvests. Liu Shusen, a manager of one seed company, thought it was important 3 (do) something to help. He made up his mind to breed(培育) his own high-quality vegetable seeds in 2012.

With the help of the government and the 4 (raise) of people's awareness (意识), people realized it was time to breed our own seeds! So more seed companies began to open. In 2015, Shouguang welcomed its 5 (ninety) seed company of its own. Some of them 6 (fail) at first, but they didn't give up. Now 15 of these companies breed vegetables and have developed 178 new seed types. "We used to spend a lot on seeds from other countries but now some of our own seeds are even better than 7 (they)," Liu said. Shouguang has become the largest seedling place in China.
The seed revolution brings happiness to Chinese people. Home seeds are cheaper and better. For example, tomato seeds can save farmers 20 million yuan a year. 8 (luck), more people can buy different vegetables at home. However, there are still challenges. China starts late, so it's too hard for small Shouguang seed companies to enter the world. But we do believe—with more 9 (create) people working on seed development, farming will become more productive and sustainable. If we work together, amazing things 10 (happen). We can surely develop more excellent seeds of our own.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. but 2. safety 3. to do 4. raising 5. ninetieth 6. failed 7. theirs 8. Luckily 9. creative 10. will happen

【分析】
首先通读全文，了解文章讲述山东寿光从依赖外国蔬菜种子到自主培育优质种子的发展历程。然后逐个分析每个空的解题思路：
1. 第1空：前半句说外国种子质量好，后半句说带来问题，前后是转折关系，需用转折连词。
2. 第2空：需要修饰名词problems，要用safe的名词形式作定语。
3. 第3空：考查固定句型“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”，需填动词不定式形式。
4. 第4空：定冠词the后接名词，要把动词raise转换为名词形式。
5. 第5空：表示“第90家公司”，需用ninety的序数词形式。
6. 第6空：根据“at first”和后文的过去式，此处要用fail的一般过去式。
7. 第7空：指代前文的“foreign seeds”，需用名词性物主代词。
8. 第8空：修饰整个句子，要用luck的副词形式，且句首首字母大写。
9. 第9空：修饰名词people，需用create的形容词形式。
10. 第10空：if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时。
【解析】
1. 考查连词。前文“These seeds had good quality”与后文“they also brought problems”存在转折关系，故填but。
2. 考查词性转换。此处需要名词修饰problems，safe的名词形式是safety，构成safety problems（安全问题），故填safety。
3. 考查非谓语动词。固定句型“It is important to do sth.”表示“做某事是重要的”，因此填to do。
4. 考查词性转换。定冠词the后接名词，raise的名词形式为raising，the raising of people's awareness表示“人们意识的提升”，故填raising。
5. 考查数词。此处表示“第90家种子公司”，要用序数词，ninety的序数词是ninetieth，故填ninetieth。
6. 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“at first”以及后文的“didn't give up”可知，此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，fail的过去式是failed，故填failed。
7. 考查代词。此处指代“their seeds”，要用名词性物主代词theirs，相当于“their seeds”，故填theirs。
8. 考查词性转换。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词，luck的副词形式是Luckily，句首首字母大写，故填Luckily。
9. 考查词性转换。此处修饰名词people，要用形容词，create的形容词形式是creative，意为“有创造力的”，故填creative。
10. 考查动词时态。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故填will happen。
【答案】
1. but 2. safety 3. to do 4. raising 5. ninetieth 6. failed 7. theirs 8. Luckily 9. creative 10. will happen
【知识点】
词性转换、动词时态、固定句型
【点评】
本文围绕寿光种子产业的发展展开，综合考查了连词、词性转换、时态、代词等多种英语语法知识点，解题需结合上下文语境与基础语法规则，侧重对基础知识的综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6