第三课时 Developing ideas(Listening & Speaking)

第三课时 Developing ideas(Listening & Speaking)

Ⅰ. Choose phrases from the box and complete the passage in proper forms.
light pollution, die, pollute, water shortage, one sixth, be lost
Now our planet faces serious environmental troubles. 1. brightens cities all night and disturbs wildlife. Rivers are 2. by factory waste, leading to terrible 3. across many areas. Experts say 4. of the world's people cannot get clean fresh water.
Lots of farmlands and forests 5. because of overuse and pollution. Worse still, many animal and even human 6. are caused by dirty water and bad living conditions. We must take action at once to cut pollution and save water before more lives disappear.

1. Light pollution 2. polluted 3. water shortage 4. one sixth 5. are lost 6. deaths

【分析】
本题为选词填空题型，需结合语境、语法规则及短语含义选择并调整短语的适当形式：
1. 第一空位于句首，需填能“夜间照亮城市、干扰野生动物”的名词短语，结合选项选light pollution，句首需大写；
2. 第二空所在句为被动语态（结构：主语+be+过去分词+by+动作执行者），需填动词过去分词，结合“工厂废物”选对应形式；
3. 第三空需填“河流被污染导致的结果”，结合选项匹配；
4. 第四空需填表示“人口比例”的短语，结合“无法获得干净淡水”的语境选择；
5. 第五空主语为复数（农田和森林），需用被动语态表“消失”，调整短语形式；
6. 第六空需填“动物和人类的死亡”，many修饰可数名词复数，需转换为名词复数形式。
【解析】
1. 句首作主语，结合“夜间照亮城市、干扰野生动物”的描述，选择短语light pollution，句首首字母大写，故填Light pollution；
2. 句子为被动语态，河流被工厂废物污染，需用pollute的过去分词polluted，故填polluted；
3. 河流被污染会导致水资源短缺，结合选项选water shortage，故填water shortage；
4. 表示“世界上六分之一的人”，用短语one sixth，符合语境，故填one sixth；
5. 农田和森林因过度使用和污染消失，主语为复数，被动语态用are lost，故填are lost；
6. many后接可数名词复数，die的名词形式为death，复数为deaths，指死亡事件，符合语境，故填deaths。
【答案】
1. Light pollution 2. polluted 3. water shortage 4. one sixth 5. are lost 6. deaths
【知识点】
短语辨析、被动语态、名词复数
【点评】
本题围绕环保主题考查短语运用及语法变形，需学生结合语境判断词义，同时掌握被动语态、名词复数等基础语法规则，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

Ⅱ. Complete the sentences with proper words.
1. There is a small wooden house sale at the foot of the hill.
2. Cutting down protected trees is the law.
3. Rubbish and waste do great harm the ocean.
4. The teacher explained to us it works clearly.
5. Sometimes the noise from cars can be louder than of wind power stations.
6. We cut down few trees to make space wild animals.

1. for 2. against 3. to 4. how 5. that 6. for

【分析】这是英语填空题，需结合固定搭配、语法规则及语境填写合适词汇。第1题考查固定短语“待售”的表达；第2题需选表示“违反”的介词；第3题考查固定搭配“对……有害”；第4题需选宾语从句的引导词表方式；第5题考查比较级中指代不可数名词的代词；第6题考查固定短语“为……腾出空间”。
【解析】1. 固定短语for sale意为“待售”，符合“山脚下有座小木屋待售”的语境，故填for；2. 短语against the law意为“违反法律”，符合“砍伐受保护树木违法”的句意，故填against；3. 固定搭配do harm to意为“对……有害”，符合“垃圾和废物对海洋危害大”的表达，故填to；4. 此处是宾语从句，需表达“它如何运作”，用how引导从句作explained的宾语，故填how；5. 比较级结构中，指代前文不可数名词noise需用that，故填that；6. 固定短语make space for意为“为……腾出空间”，符合“我们砍少量树为野生动物腾空间”的语境，故填for。
【答案】1. for 2. against 3. to 4. how 5. that 6. for
【知识点】固定搭配、介词用法、代词用法
【点评】本题侧重考查英语基础的固定搭配、介词及代词用法，涉及简单宾语从句引导词，知识点基础，学生需积累常见短语并掌握基本语法，难度不大。
【难度系数】0.6

Ⅲ. Complete the passage according to the Chinese hints in brackets.
Rainforests are home to more than half of the world's plants and animals, but logging that is 1. (违反) the laws is destroying them fast. It is hard to notice in the forest, because animal sounds often cover the noise of falling trees. Engineer Topher White came up with a clever 2. (解决方法). He made a device using an old cell phone, a 3. (太阳能板) and a 4. (麦克风). The device is 5. (绑) high up in rainforest trees. It listens to the forest 24 hours a day, every day. When it hears the sound of chainsaws or tree-cutting, it sends an 6. (警报) to forest guards' phones. This way, they can find the 7. (伐木工人) quickly and stop them before too much damage is done.
Topher's invention has been a huge 8. (成功). It is now used in over 20 countries and has helped save more than 2,500 9. (平方公里) of rainforests. His simple but clever idea shows that even small innovations can make a big 10. (不同) in protecting our planet.

1. against 2. solution 3. solar panel 4. microphone 5. tied 6. alarm 7. loggers 8. success 9. square kilometres 10. difference

【分析】本题为根据中文提示填写英语词汇的题型，解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章大意，再逐空结合语境、中文提示及语法规则（如词性、时态、语态、名词单复数、固定搭配等）确定正确词汇。需关注每个空在句中的成分，判断所需词性，同时注意词汇的正确形式变化，如被动语态的过去分词、名词复数等。
【解析】1. 表示“违反”法律，用介词against，符合固定搭配against the laws；2. “解决方法”对应名词solution，作come up with的宾语；3. “太阳能板”为固定名词短语solar panel；4. “麦克风”对应名词microphone，作装置的组成部分；5. 装置与“绑”是被动关系，用tie的过去分词tied，构成被动语态；6. “警报”对应名词alarm，作send的宾语；7. “伐木工人”是可数名词，此处用复数loggers指代一类人；8. “成功”对应名词success，构成固定搭配a huge success；9. “平方公里”是square kilometre的复数形式square kilometres，因前面有数字2500；10. 固定搭配make a difference表示“有影响，起作用”，故填difference。
【答案】1. against 2. solution 3. solar panel 4. microphone 5. tied 6. alarm 7. loggers 8. success 9. square kilometres 10. difference
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，涵盖名词、介词、被动语态及固定短语，要求学生掌握常见词汇的拼写和用法，结合语境准确判断词汇形式，难度适中，注重基础知识的积累与运用。
【难度系数】0.6