2026年学霸题中题八年级英语上册译林版第154页答案
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1. It was very cold and little John
blew
(吹) onto his hands to make them warm.
2. The hairdresser told me this gel(发胶) gave a beautiful
shine
(光泽) to my hair.
3. Because of a s
sudden
accident, all the lights went out and all the workers had to wait in the darkness.
4. It was f
foggy
yesterday. We couldn't see each other within one metre because of the f
fog
.
5. We drank iced lemonade juice under the tree to escape the afternoon h
heat
at the picnic.

答案

Ⅰ. 1. blew 2. shine 3. sudden 4. foggy; fog 5. heat

解析

【分析】
解答此类单词填空题,需先通读句子理解语境,再结合括号内的汉语提示或句中给出的首字母确定单词词义,最后根据句子的语法结构(如时态、词性、固定搭配)调整单词的正确形式,确保填入后句子通顺合理。
【解析】
1. 由句中“was very cold”可知时态为一般过去时,“吹”对应的英文动词blow的过去式为blew,故填blew;
2. 汉语提示为“光泽”,此处需填名词,shine作名词时表示光泽,符合“give a beautiful shine”的搭配,故填shine;
3. 首字母为s,需修饰名词accident,应用形容词sudden(突然的),构成“a sudden accident”(突发事故),故填sudden;
4. 第一空在be动词was后,需用形容词foggy(有雾的);第二空在定冠词the后,需用名词fog(雾),符合语境,故依次填foggy、fog;
5. 首字母为h,结合“躲避下午的炎热”,heat(高温、炎热)符合语境,故填heat。
【答案】
Ⅰ. 1. blew 2. shine 3. sudden 4. foggy; fog 5. heat
【知识点】
词汇运用;单词拼写
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的词义、词性及形式变化,是英语学习中的基础题型,需熟练掌握常用词汇及基本语法。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1. —Laura, why didn't you answer me when I called your name in the street just now?
—Sorry, Jim. I
was talking
(talk) to my mother on the phone.
2. As the bright moon
shines
(shine) over the sea, you share this moment with me from far away.
3. It's
cloudy
(cloud). Can't you see the clouds in the sky? They look like sheep and cotton.
4. After the long hike, Lily felt
sleepy
(sleep) and curled up on the sofa with a cozy blanket.
5. During the winter break, we had so much fun throwing
snowballs
(snowball) with our friends.
6. The classroom became
noisy
(noise) when our teacher announced a surprise field trip to the science museum.

答案

Ⅱ. 1. was talking 2. shines 3. cloudy 4. sleepy 5. snowballs 6. noisy

解析

【分析】
本题为英语用所给单词正确形式填空,需结合语境、时态规则、词性变化及名词复数规则解题:
1. 第一题:问句用一般过去时(called),答句表过去某时刻正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时(was/were + doing),主语为I,故用was talking;
2. 第二题:描述客观场景,用一般现在时,主语the bright moon是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填shines;
3. 第三题:be动词后需形容词作表语,cloud的形容词为cloudy,故填cloudy;
4. 第四题:feel是系动词,后接形容词作表语,sleep的形容词为sleepy(困倦的),故填sleepy;
5. 第五题:throw snowball表“扔雪球”,此处泛指,需用名词复数snowballs;
6. 第六题:become是系动词,后接形容词作表语,noise的形容词为noisy,故填noisy。
【解析】
1. 第一题:根据语境,答句描述过去被叫名字时正在进行的动作,使用过去进行时,结构为was + 动词现在分词,主语是I,故填was talking;
2. 第二题:句子描述客观存在的景象,用一般现在时,主语the bright moon为第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数形式,故填shines;
3. 第三题:be动词后需形容词作表语,cloud对应的形容词是cloudy,故填cloudy;
4. 第四题:feel为系动词,后接形容词作表语,sleep的形容词形式是sleepy,故填sleepy;
5. 第五题:throw snowball是固定短语,此处表示泛指“扔雪球”,需用名词复数,故填snowballs;
6. 第六题:become为系动词,后接形容词作表语,noise对应的形容词是noisy,故填noisy。
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. was talking 2. shines 3. cloudy 4. sleepy 5. snowballs 6. noisy
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法,涵盖动词时态、词性变化及名词复数等核心知识点,题型常规,注重基础应用,适合巩固英语语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.3
1. "Spring is warm and sunny." Here, the sentence structure is the same as "
D
".

A.We usually call the dog Eddie.
B.Some of them are crying.
C.Mr Green teaches us English.
D.Autumn leaves turn brown.

答案

1. D 解析:根据“Spring is warm and sunny.”是“S+V+P结构(主系表)”可知,“Autumn leaves turn brown.”也是主系表结构,A是S+V+O+C,B是S+V,C是S+V+O+O。

解析

【分析】首先确定原句“Spring is warm and sunny.”的句子结构:Spring是主语(S),is是系动词(V),warm and sunny是表语(P),属于主系表(S+V+P)结构。接着逐一分析各选项的结构类型,找出同样为主系表结构的选项。
【解析】原句“Spring is warm and sunny.”为主系表(S+V+P)结构。对选项逐一分析:A项“We usually call the dog Eddie”是主谓宾宾补(S+V+O+C)结构;B项“Some of them are crying”是主谓(S+V)结构;C项“Mr Green teaches us English”是主谓双宾(S+V+IO+DO)结构;D项“Autumn leaves turn brown”中,Autumn leaves是主语,turn是系动词,brown是表语,属于主系表(S+V+P)结构,与原句结构一致。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语句子结构;主系表结构
【点评】本题考查英语基础句子结构的辨析,需准确区分主系表、主谓宾等常见结构的特点,属于基础题型,只要掌握核心结构特征即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.5
2. It was raining the whole morning, but it
C
sunny in the afternoon.

A.become
B.changed
C.turned
D.came

答案

2. C 解析:根据sunny以及句子为一般过去时,turn后接形容词表示“变得”可知,过去式为turned,become需用became,changed后接介词,came不符合语境。

解析

【分析】
本题考查动词辨析与一般过去时的用法。首先根据前半句的时态(一般过去时)确定空格处需用动词过去式,再结合动词的搭配和语境逐一排除错误选项,最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
句子前半句用了was raining,为一般过去时,因此空格处需填动词过去式:
A选项become的过去式是became,而非become,排除;
B选项changed是change的过去式,但change表示“变得”时为不及物动词,需搭配介词into,不能直接接形容词sunny,排除;
C选项turned是turn的过去式,turn作系动词时,后接形容词表示“变得”,符合语法和语境;
D选项came意为“来”,不符合句意,排除。
综上,答案为C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
动词辨析;一般过去时;系动词用法
【点评】
本题为英语基础题,主要考查常见系动词的搭配及时态变化,需掌握turn、become等词的用法差异,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
3. —Would you like to try the pizza? —Yes, please. It
looks
lovely and
smells
nice.

A.sounds; sees
B.feels; turns
C.looks; smells
D.sounds; tastes

答案

3. C 解析:根据“pizza”可知,look lovely(看起来美味),smell nice符合对食物的描述,其他感官动词搭配不当。

解析

【分析】本题考查感官动词的用法,需结合句子主语(指代披萨)及语境选择合适的感官系动词,明确不同感官动词的含义与适用场景是解题关键。
【解析】句子主语it指代pizza(披萨),需用感官系动词连接形容词。A选项中sounds(听起来)不符合披萨的特征,sees是实义动词,无法与形容词搭配;B选项feels(摸起来)、turns(变得)不符合对披萨的描述逻辑;C选项looks(看起来)和smells(闻起来)符合“披萨看起来美味、闻起来很香”的语境;D选项sounds(听起来)不符合第一空的描述。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】感官动词的用法;形容词与动词搭配
【点评】本题结合日常食物描述场景,考查感官系动词的应用,难度适中,需学生掌握不同感官动词的含义及适用语境。
【难度系数】0.6
4. "The temperature drops." The structure of the sentence is
B
.

A.S+V+O
B.S+V
C.S+V+P
D.S+V+O+C

答案

4. B 解析:根据“The temperature drops.(气温下降。)”可知,句子是S+V结构(主谓),主语The temperature,谓语drops,无宾语和表语。

解析

【分析】本题考查英语简单句的基本结构,解题时需先拆分句子成分:找出主语(S)和谓语(V),再判断句子结构类型。先确定句子“The temperature drops.”的主语是“The temperature”,谓语是不及物动词“drops”,该动词后不接宾语,也无系动词,因此属于主谓结构。
【解析】句子“The temperature drops.”意为“气温下降”。其中,主语(S)是“The temperature”,谓语(V)是不及物动词“drops”,该动词后面不接宾语,也没有表语,因此句子结构为S+V,对应选项B。
【答案】B
【知识点】英语句子结构、主谓结构
【点评】本题为英语基础题型,考查简单句的基本结构,只需准确识别主语和谓语动词,区分不同结构即可,属于易得分题。
【难度系数】0.8
5. Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “It is getting dark.”?

A.He bought me a gift.
B.The fish tastes good.
C.The boys are playing basketball.
D.My mum buys me a basketball.

答案

5. B 解析:根据“It is getting dark.”是“S+V+P结构(主系表)”可知,B也是主系表结构,A是S+V+O+O,C是S+V+O,D是S+V+O+O。

解析

【分析】首先明确题干句子“It is getting dark.”的结构为主系表(S+V+P)结构;接着逐一分析各选项的句子结构,判断哪个与题干结构一致,从而选出正确答案。
【解析】题干句子“It is getting dark.”为主系表(S+V+P)结构。选项A“He bought me a gift.”是主谓双宾(S+V+O+O)结构;选项B“The fish tastes good.”中,taste为系动词,good是表语,属于主系表结构;选项C“The boys are playing basketball.”是主谓宾(S+V+O)结构;选项D“My mum buys me a basketball.”是主谓双宾(S+V+O+O)结构。因此与题干结构相同的是B选项。
【答案】B
【知识点】英语句子结构;主系表句型
【点评】本题考查英语基本句子结构的辨析,需准确掌握主系表、主谓双宾、主谓宾等常见句型的构成特点,属于基础语法题,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3
6. Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Farmers harvest crops.”?

A.The music sounds terrible.
B.They listened carefully.
C.Hobo built Eddie a tent.
D.The clouds covered the sun.

答案

6. D 解析:根据“Farmers harvest crops.”是“S+V+O结构(主谓宾)”可知,“The clouds covered the sun.”也是主谓宾结构,A是S+V+P,B是S+V,C是S+V+O+O。

解析

【分析】首先明确原句“Farmers harvest crops.”的句子成分:主语(S)为Farmers,谓语动词(V)为harvest,宾语(O)为crops,属于主谓宾(S+V+O)结构。接下来需逐一分析各选项的句子结构,找出与原句结构一致的选项。
【解析】1. 原句结构判定:“Farmers harvest crops.”是S+V+O(主谓宾)结构。2. 选项A:“The music sounds terrible.”中,The music是主语,sounds是系动词,terrible是表语,属于S+V+P(主系表)结构,不符合。3. 选项B:“They listened carefully.”中,They是主语,listened是谓语动词,carefully是状语,属于S+V(主谓)结构,不符合。4. 选项C:“Hobo built Eddie a tent.”中,Hobo是主语,built是谓语动词,Eddie是间接宾语,a tent是直接宾语,属于S+V+IO+DO(主谓双宾)结构,不符合。5. 选项D:“The clouds covered the sun.”中,The clouds是主语,covered是谓语动词,the sun是宾语,属于S+V+O(主谓宾)结构,与原句一致。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语简单句结构,主谓宾句型
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的五种基本句型,要求学生准确划分句子成分、识别句型特点,属于基础语法考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3
Ⅳ. 句子翻译
1. 刮风的时候,人们用围巾遮住脸。
People cover their faces with scarves when it's windy.

2. 我打算在这个城市进行一次短途旅行。
I'm going to have a short trip around the city.

3. 坏天气总是给我们带来许多问题。
Bad weather always brings us lots of problems.

答案

Ⅳ. 1. People cover their faces with scarves when it's windy.
2. I'm going to have a short trip around the city.
3. Bad weather always brings us lots of problems.

解析

【分析】做汉译英题目时,需先拆解原句的核心语义,确定时态、句式结构,再匹配对应的英文表达。第1句为带时间状语从句的句子,“刮风的时候”对应时间状语从句when it's windy,“用围巾遮脸”用cover their faces with scarves;第2句表计划,用be going to结构;第3句含频率副词always,需用一般现在时。
【解析】1. 主语为People,谓语cover,宾语their faces,方式状语with scarves,搭配时间状语从句when it's windy,组合为:People cover their faces with scarves when it's windy. 2. 主语为I,用be going to表计划,“短途旅行”是have a short trip,地点状语为around the city,组合为:I'm going to have a short trip around the city. 3. 主语为Bad weather,频率副词always提示用一般现在时,谓语用第三人称单数形式brings,双宾语为us和lots of problems,组合为:Bad weather always brings us lots of problems.
【答案】Ⅳ. 1. People cover their faces with scarves when it's windy.
2. I'm going to have a short trip around the city.
3. Bad weather always brings us lots of problems.
【知识点】句子翻译、一般现在时、be going to结构
【点评】本题考查日常常用句子的汉译英,涉及基础时态和句式,是英语学习的基础题型,需掌握核心词汇与常用表达。
【难度系数】0.7
Ⅴ. 完形填空
Last summer, I had an unforgettable experience of visiting a traditional paper-making workshop in Chengdu. As soon as I went into the small workshop, the smell of wet bark(树皮) 1 the air. An old craftsman smiled and 2 me a piece of rough paper. “This,” he said, “is made from mulberry trees(桑树). Over 2,000 years ago, our ancestors first created this 3 material that changed the world.”
He then showed me the 4. First, workers chose mulberry bark and bamboo 5, and then they cut them into small pieces. These materials were soaked(浸湿) in clear river water for several days 6 they became soft. After that, they were boiled and beaten into pulp(浆状物). “Look!” the craftsman 7. “The pulp is made of natural fibers(纤维), but soon it will become paper.”
While 8 the paper to dry, he told me a story. “In the Han Dynasty, a man named Cai Lun improved this skill. Before his invention, people wrote on 9 bamboo or expensive silk. But Cai Lun's paper was made from old rags, nets, and plants. It was thin, light, and 10. It was easy to carry and most people could buy it.”
I 11 the drying paper—rough but strong. “Today,” the craftsman added, “most paper is made from wood in big factories. But we still keep the 12 way alive.”
Walking home, I saw a girl writing in a notebook. I knew every 13 was made from trees, just like Cai Lun's creation long ago. Paper isn't 14 a tool; it's a bridge between the past and the present. Thanks to this Chinese invention, 15 can travel across time and space.
What a great invention!
1. A. collected B. filled
C. offered D. heated
2. A. threw B. sold
C. handed D. mailed
3. A. interesting B. straight
C. wonderful D. expensive
4. A. process B. research
C. secret D. spelling
5. A. widely B. politely
C. suddenly D. carefully
6. A. if B. because
C. until D. after
7. A. cried B. answered
C. asked D. pointed
8. A. looking at B. listening to
C. finding out D. waiting for
9. A. small B. heavy
C. ugly D. strange
10. A. cheap B. direct
C. clean D. secret
11. A. gave B. bought
C. touched D. treated
12. A. common B. ancient
C. active D. bright
13. A. word B. letter
C. sentence D. page
14. A. just B. never C. even D. still
15. A. kindness B. knowledge
C. choice D. business

答案

Ⅴ. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成都参观传统造纸作坊的经历,通过老工匠的讲解了解了中国古代造纸术的工艺流程和历史意义。
1. B 解析:根据“the smell of wet bark ... the air”可知,湿树皮的气味充满了空气,filled“充满”符合语境。故选B。
2. C 解析:根据“me a piece of rough paper”和“smiled”可知,老工匠友善地“递给”作者一张纸。故选C。
3. C 解析:根据“material that changed the world”可知,造纸术是改变世界的伟大发明,因此是“绝妙的”材料。故选C。
4. A 解析:根据下文对造纸步骤的描述可知,工匠是在展示造纸的“过程”。故选A。
5. D 解析:根据“cut them into small pieces”可知,切割材料需要“仔细地”操作。故选D。
6. C 解析:根据“soaked in clear river water for several days ... they became soft”可知,浸泡到变软为止,“until”表示直到某个状态。故选C。
7. D 解析:根据“Look!”和“The pulp is made of natural fibers”可知,工匠一边说“看”一边“指着”纸浆。故选D。
8. D 解析:looking at看;listening to听;finding out找出;waiting for等待。根据“the paper to dry”可知,造纸过程中需要“等待”纸张晾干。故选D。
9. B 解析:根据“bamboo”和“expensive silk”可知,竹简很“沉重”,丝绸很“昂贵”,形成对比。故选B。
10. A 解析:根据“It was easy to carry and most people could buy it.”可知,纸便宜且大多数人能买得起。故选A。
11. C 解析:根据“the drying paper—rough but strong”可知,作者亲手“触摸”了纸张感受其质地。故选C。
12. B 解析:根据“But we still keep the ... way alive”和上文提到的传统工艺可知,这里指“古老的”造纸方式。故选B。
13. D 解析:根据“writing in a notebook”可知,笔记本是由很多“页”纸组成的。故选D。
14. A 解析:根据“Paper isn't ... a tool; it's a bridge ...”可知,纸“不仅仅”是工具,还有更深远的意义,not just“不仅仅”符合语境。故选A。
15. B 解析:根据“can travel across time and space”可知,纸的发明使得“知识”能够跨越时空传播。故选B。

解析

【分析】
首先通读全文,把握文章主旨为作者参观成都传统造纸作坊的经历,理解老工匠讲解的造纸工艺及造纸术的历史价值。针对每个空格,需结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析、逻辑关系(如时间、对比等)来选择选项,例如第1题根据“湿树皮气味”与“空气”的搭配选表示“充满”的词,第9题通过“竹简”与“昂贵丝绸”的对比选描述竹简特点的词,第14题根据“not...but...”的结构选表示“不仅仅”的词,以此类推,逐个突破空格。
【解析】
1. B 解析:根据“the smell of wet bark...the air”可知,湿树皮的气味充满空气,filled“充满”符合语境。
2. C 解析:根据“smiled”和“me a piece of rough paper”可知,老工匠友善地递给作者一张纸,handed“递”符合语境。
3. C 解析:根据“material that changed the world”可知,造纸术是改变世界的绝妙材料,wonderful“绝妙的”符合语境。
4. A 解析:根据下文对造纸步骤的描述可知,工匠在展示造纸的过程,process“过程”符合语境。
5. D 解析:根据“cut them into small pieces”可知,切割材料需要仔细操作,carefully“仔细地”符合语境。
6. C 解析:根据“soaked in clear river water for several days...they became soft”可知,浸泡到变软为止,until“直到”符合逻辑。
7. D 解析:根据“Look!”和“The pulp is made of natural fibers”可知,工匠一边说“看”一边指着纸浆,pointed“指”符合语境。
8. D 解析:根据“the paper to dry”可知,造纸过程中需要等待纸张晾干,waiting for“等待”符合语境。
9. B 解析:根据“bamboo”和“expensive silk”的对比可知,竹简很沉重,heavy“沉重的”符合语境。
10. A 解析:根据“It was easy to carry and most people could buy it”可知,纸便宜且大众能负担,cheap“便宜的”符合语境。
11. C 解析:根据“the drying paper—rough but strong”可知,作者触摸纸张感受其质地,touched“触摸”符合语境。
12. B 解析:根据“traditional paper-making workshop”和“keep the...way alive”可知,这里指古老的造纸方式,ancient“古老的”符合语境。
13. D 解析:根据“writing in a notebook”可知,笔记本由很多页纸组成,page“页”符合语境。
14. A 解析:根据“Paper isn't...a tool; it's a bridge...”可知,纸不仅仅是工具,not just“不仅仅”符合语境。
15. B 解析:根据“can travel across time and space”可知,纸的发明让知识能跨越时空传播,knowledge“知识”符合语境。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇词义辨析、语境逻辑分析
【点评】
本文为记叙文,通过作者参观传统造纸作坊的经历,介绍了造纸工艺与造纸术的历史意义,考查学生的语境理解、词汇辨析及逻辑推理能力,是典型的完形填空题型,贴近学生生活,易于理解。
【难度系数】
0.6