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三、阅读短文,选择正确的答案。
Most people agree that honesty is a good thing, but does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk. Can they lie through their bodies and behaviour(行为)? People who study animals may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals act dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty(欺骗) often helps them survive.
Many birds are very successful(成功的) in fooling other animals. A bird called the plover(鸻) sometimes pretends(假装) to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest(鸟巢), the plover acts as if its wing is broken. The enemy chases(追逐) the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe.
Another kind of bird, the scrub jay(灌丛鸦), buries(埋) its food, so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food from one another. They watch where other birds bury their food and steal it later. But the clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they will get back later, dig up the food and bury it again somewhere else.
词汇积累 through /θruː/ 凭借 fool /fuːl/ 欺骗 survive /sə'vaɪv/ 生存
young /jʌŋ/ 幼崽 enemy /'enəmi/ 敌人 steal /stiːl/ 偷
(
A. To protect its nest. B. To save its young. C. To catch the enemy.
(
A. They bury the food deep. B. They bury the food twice.
C. They eat up(吃光) all the food.
(
A. The plover can pretend to be hurt to protect itself.
B. The scrub jay always buries its food in a certain(确定的) place.
C. Some animals are not honest.
(
A. A poster about honesty. B. A book about nature. C. An ad(广告).
Most people agree that honesty is a good thing, but does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk. Can they lie through their bodies and behaviour(行为)? People who study animals may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals act dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty(欺骗) often helps them survive.
Many birds are very successful(成功的) in fooling other animals. A bird called the plover(鸻) sometimes pretends(假装) to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest(鸟巢), the plover acts as if its wing is broken. The enemy chases(追逐) the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe.
Another kind of bird, the scrub jay(灌丛鸦), buries(埋) its food, so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food from one another. They watch where other birds bury their food and steal it later. But the clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they will get back later, dig up the food and bury it again somewhere else.
词汇积累 through /θruː/ 凭借 fool /fuːl/ 欺骗 survive /sə'vaɪv/ 生存
young /jʌŋ/ 幼崽 enemy /'enəmi/ 敌人 steal /stiːl/ 偷
(
B
) 1. Why does the plover pretend to be hurt?A. To protect its nest. B. To save its young. C. To catch the enemy.
(
B
) 2. What do clever scrub jays do with(处理) their food?A. They bury the food deep. B. They bury the food twice.
C. They eat up(吃光) all the food.
(
C
) 3. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The plover can pretend to be hurt to protect itself.
B. The scrub jay always buries its food in a certain(确定的) place.
C. Some animals are not honest.
(
B
) 4. Where can you see this passage?A. A poster about honesty. B. A book about nature. C. An ad(广告).
答案
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
解析
【分析】首先通读短文，明确主旨是介绍动物会通过不诚实行为帮助生存；接着针对每道题目，回到原文定位关键信息，逐一分析选项，排除与原文不符的错误选项，从而确定正确答案。
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段关键句：“A bird called the plover(鸻) sometimes pretends(假装) to be hurt in order to protect its young.” 可知鸻假装受伤是为了保护幼崽，对应选项B。
2. 定位原文第三段关键句：“So they will get back later, dig up the food and bury it again somewhere else.” 可知聪明的灌丛鸦会把食物再埋一次，对应选项B。
3. 逐一分析选项：A选项，鸻假装受伤是保护幼崽而非自身，错误；B选项，灌丛鸦会更换埋藏食物的地点，并非固定地方，错误；C选项，原文提到动物会有不诚实的行为，正确，对应选项C。
4. 短文内容围绕自然界动物的行为展开，因此最可能出自关于自然的书籍，对应选项B。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕动物的欺骗行为展开，主要考查学生对原文细节的定位与理解能力，需学生准确抓取关键语句，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段关键句：“A bird called the plover(鸻) sometimes pretends(假装) to be hurt in order to protect its young.” 可知鸻假装受伤是为了保护幼崽，对应选项B。
2. 定位原文第三段关键句：“So they will get back later, dig up the food and bury it again somewhere else.” 可知聪明的灌丛鸦会把食物再埋一次，对应选项B。
3. 逐一分析选项：A选项，鸻假装受伤是保护幼崽而非自身，错误；B选项，灌丛鸦会更换埋藏食物的地点，并非固定地方，错误；C选项，原文提到动物会有不诚实的行为，正确，对应选项C。
4. 短文内容围绕自然界动物的行为展开，因此最可能出自关于自然的书籍，对应选项B。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题，围绕动物的欺骗行为展开，主要考查学生对原文细节的定位与理解能力，需学生准确抓取关键语句，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
