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B(真题·宁波余姚)
A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect(影响) their homes and the dangers they face.
Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they're better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They're also better at watching out for dangers, like lions. Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn't much around.
But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it's dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the "group memory" that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally(非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want.
Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well.
(
A. To introduce different kinds of old wild animals.
B. To list the names of groups that protect old animals.
C. To show the good things old animals do for their groups.
D. To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger.
(
A. Forest fires.
B. Human actions.
C. Animal competition.
D. Water pollution.
(
A. Care for and study.
B. Learn about and love.
C. Look for and kill.
D. Run after and protect.
(
A. Fishing companies may change their fishing ways.
B. The IUCN has already done enough for old animals.
C. Old animals won't face any dangers in the future.
D. Only old fish really need to be protected well.
A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect(影响) their homes and the dangers they face.
Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they're better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They're also better at watching out for dangers, like lions. Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn't much around.
But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it's dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the "group memory" that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally(非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want.
Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well.
(
C
)19. What is the purpose of the second paragraph?A. To introduce different kinds of old wild animals.
B. To list the names of groups that protect old animals.
C. To show the good things old animals do for their groups.
D. To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger.
(
B
)20. Which reason mainly causes old animals to be in danger?A. Forest fires.
B. Human actions.
C. Animal competition.
D. Water pollution.
(
C
)21. What does the underlined word "hunt" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Care for and study.
B. Learn about and love.
C. Look for and kill.
D. Run after and protect.
(
A
)22. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Fishing companies may change their fishing ways.
B. The IUCN has already done enough for old animals.
C. Old animals won't face any dangers in the future.
D. Only old fish really need to be protected well.
答案
19.C 20.B 21.C 22.A
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含主旨大意、细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断四类题型。解题思路为：先通读全文把握核心内容（保护老野生动物的重要性、面临的危险及保护建议），再针对各小题定位对应段落，结合段落主旨、关键信息、上下文语境逐一分析选项，排除错误答案得出正确结论。
【解析】
19. 第二段首句“Old animals do many good things for their homes.”为段落主旨句，后续通过老鸟育雏、老雌象避险、老虎鲸找食物的例子，具体说明老动物对群体的益处，因此第二段目的是展示老动物为群体做的好事，对应选项C。
20. 第三段指出老动物数量下降的原因：一是人类捕鱼导致老鱼减少，二是人类非法狩猎（猎人觊觎老动物的长牙、角等），均属于人类行为，因此主要原因是人类活动，对应选项B。
21. 第三段提到“hunt animals illegally（非法狩猎）”，且猎人想要老动物的长牙、角，结合语境可推断“hunt”意为“寻找并猎杀”，对应选项C。
22. 最后一段建议“fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish”，可推断捕鱼公司可能会调整捕鱼方式，减少对老鱼的捕捞，对应选项A。
【答案】
19.C 20.B 21.C 22.A
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕保护老野生动物展开，题型全面，需学生精准定位原文信息、理解段落逻辑及词义语境，整体难度适中，符合初中英语阅读考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含主旨大意、细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断四类题型。解题思路为：先通读全文把握核心内容（保护老野生动物的重要性、面临的危险及保护建议），再针对各小题定位对应段落，结合段落主旨、关键信息、上下文语境逐一分析选项，排除错误答案得出正确结论。
【解析】
19. 第二段首句“Old animals do many good things for their homes.”为段落主旨句，后续通过老鸟育雏、老雌象避险、老虎鲸找食物的例子，具体说明老动物对群体的益处，因此第二段目的是展示老动物为群体做的好事，对应选项C。
20. 第三段指出老动物数量下降的原因：一是人类捕鱼导致老鱼减少，二是人类非法狩猎（猎人觊觎老动物的长牙、角等），均属于人类行为，因此主要原因是人类活动，对应选项B。
21. 第三段提到“hunt animals illegally（非法狩猎）”，且猎人想要老动物的长牙、角，结合语境可推断“hunt”意为“寻找并猎杀”，对应选项C。
22. 最后一段建议“fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish”，可推断捕鱼公司可能会调整捕鱼方式，减少对老鱼的捕捞，对应选项A。
【答案】
19.C 20.B 21.C 22.A
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕保护老野生动物展开，题型全面，需学生精准定位原文信息、理解段落逻辑及词义语境，整体难度适中，符合初中英语阅读考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
