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中考趋势 Ⅵ.短文还原
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
Floods can come from multiple sources. They can be a hurricane, a dam failure, or an overflowing river. The disasters can move quickly. 1 It's important to know how to keep your family and belongings safe during such an event. Full preparation can put you at ease for its coming.
A flood is simply an event where water overflows a natural area and covers normally dry places. In general, there are two types. 2 The soil in these areas can't absorb a lot of moisture. The water then rapidly runs off the surface resulting in a torrent(激流) of rapidly moving water. River flooding is when a river overflows its banks due to excessive(过分的) water and the situation can get worse if barriers such as dams or levees(防洪堤) break as well.
A flood can be caused by many things. 3 Living next to a river, dam, coast, or in a low-lying area puts you at risk for flooding.
There is no specific flood season. 4 Any time there is a large amount of rain in a short period, flooding can occur. Man-made and natural disasters can also cause flooding outside of those months. For example, the collapse of a dam can cause a flood. A natural disaster, such as a tsunami, can also cause flooding on a massive scale.
5 Using existing maps and analyzing low-lying areas can identify high risk areas for flooding. Moreover, flood warnings are sent out to areas that could experience flooding when there is a large amount of rainfall over a short time.
A. The rising river threatens people's lives.
B. Floods can be preventable and predictable.
C. Flash floods are more common in dry areas.
D. And sometimes they come with little warning.
E. The weather forecast accurately predicts all disasters.
F. They include severe weather, geography, and other man-made factors.
G. Generally, the period from spring to autumn is considered a heightened risk of floods.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
中考趋势 Ⅶ.语法填空
根据短文内容,在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever encountered an earthquake? ______ 1 ______ March 28, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar, which brought terrible experiences to the people there. ______ 2 ______ earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border. It caused severe impacts on people's life there. Many houses and buildings ______ 3 ______ (sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were in danger. About 1,700 people died. It's reported that it was the ______ 4 ______ (strong) earthquake at the beginning of 2025.
After the earthquake, people from all 5 (direct) offered a helping hand. Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help. They gave out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people also took risks 6 (tell) each other the moment they realised there was an earthquake. What they did in times of difficulty 7 (bring) people warmth and courage.
Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 8 (we)? Different people said differently. "In my opinion, we should build stronger houses to protect us 9 most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough," said Dr. Aung. "We need to practice safety drills(演习) every year," said a teacher. "All students should know how 10 (care) for themselves during earthquakes."
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
Floods can come from multiple sources. They can be a hurricane, a dam failure, or an overflowing river. The disasters can move quickly. 1 It's important to know how to keep your family and belongings safe during such an event. Full preparation can put you at ease for its coming.
A flood is simply an event where water overflows a natural area and covers normally dry places. In general, there are two types. 2 The soil in these areas can't absorb a lot of moisture. The water then rapidly runs off the surface resulting in a torrent(激流) of rapidly moving water. River flooding is when a river overflows its banks due to excessive(过分的) water and the situation can get worse if barriers such as dams or levees(防洪堤) break as well.
A flood can be caused by many things. 3 Living next to a river, dam, coast, or in a low-lying area puts you at risk for flooding.
There is no specific flood season. 4 Any time there is a large amount of rain in a short period, flooding can occur. Man-made and natural disasters can also cause flooding outside of those months. For example, the collapse of a dam can cause a flood. A natural disaster, such as a tsunami, can also cause flooding on a massive scale.
5 Using existing maps and analyzing low-lying areas can identify high risk areas for flooding. Moreover, flood warnings are sent out to areas that could experience flooding when there is a large amount of rainfall over a short time.
A. The rising river threatens people's lives.
B. Floods can be preventable and predictable.
C. Flash floods are more common in dry areas.
D. And sometimes they come with little warning.
E. The weather forecast accurately predicts all disasters.
F. They include severe weather, geography, and other man-made factors.
G. Generally, the period from spring to autumn is considered a heightened risk of floods.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
中考趋势 Ⅶ.语法填空
根据短文内容,在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever encountered an earthquake? ______ 1 ______ March 28, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar, which brought terrible experiences to the people there. ______ 2 ______ earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border. It caused severe impacts on people's life there. Many houses and buildings ______ 3 ______ (sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were in danger. About 1,700 people died. It's reported that it was the ______ 4 ______ (strong) earthquake at the beginning of 2025.
After the earthquake, people from all 5 (direct) offered a helping hand. Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help. They gave out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people also took risks 6 (tell) each other the moment they realised there was an earthquake. What they did in times of difficulty 7 (bring) people warmth and courage.
Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 8 (we)? Different people said differently. "In my opinion, we should build stronger houses to protect us 9 most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough," said Dr. Aung. "We need to practice safety drills(演习) every year," said a teacher. "All students should know how 10 (care) for themselves during earthquakes."
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.
答案
Ⅵ. 1.D 2.C 3.F 4.G 5.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和洪水相关的信息。
1. D 解析:根据“They can be a hurricane, a dam failure, or an overflowing river. The disasters can move quickly.”以及“It's important to know how to keep your family and belongings safe during such an event.”可知,洪水速度很快,没有什么征兆就会发生。选项 D“有时它们几乎没有任何警告。”符合语境。故选 D。
2. C 解析:根据“In general, there are two types.”以及“The soil in these areas can't absorb a lot of moisture.”可知此处介绍第一类洪水,这些地区的土壤不能吸收大量的水分。选项 C“山洪在干旱地区暴发更为常见。”符合语境。故选 C。
3. F 解析:根据“A flood can be caused by many things.”可知,洪水可能由多种因素引发。选项 F“它们包括恶劣的天气、地理和其他人为因素。”符合语境。故选 F。
4. G 解析:根据“There is no specific flood season.”可知,没有特定的汛期。选项 G“一般来说,春季至秋季被认为是洪水风险较高的时期。”符合语境。故选 G。
5. B 解析:根据“Using existing maps and analyzing low-lying areas can identify high risk areas for flooding.”可知,使用现有地图并分析低洼地区可以确定洪水的高风险地区,所以洪水是可以预防和预测的。选项 B“洪水是可以预防和预测的。”符合语境。故选 B。
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了缅甸地震以及震后人们的支援行动。
1. On 解析:在具体的日期(March 28)前,介词应使用 on。位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 On。
2. The 解析:此处指代前文提到的那场地震,表示特指,需使用定冠词 the。位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 The。
3. suddenly 解析:此处用于修饰动词短语“fell down(倒塌)”,需使用副词形式。sudden 的副词形式为 suddenly,意为“突然地”。故填 suddenly。
4. strongest 解析:根据句中的“the”以及时间状语“at the beginning of 2025”可知,此处是指 2025 年初“最强烈的”地震,应用最高级形式。strong 的最高级为 strongest。故填 strongest。
5. directions 解析:考查固定短语 from all directions,意为“从四面八方”。direction 为可数名词,在此处应用复数形式。故填 directions。
6. to tell 解析:考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:当地人也冒险去互相告知(地震的消息)。take risks to do sth 意为“冒险做某事”。故填 to tell。
7. brought 解析:本文描写的是过去发生的地震及救援情况,主句谓语动词应使用过去式。bring 的过去式为 brought。故填 brought。
8. ourselves 解析:考查反身代词。句意:我们可以做些什么来拯救我们自己?主语是 we,对应的反身代词是 ourselves。故填 ourselves。
9. because/since/as 解析:前半句是“建造更坚固的房子”,后半句是“缅甸大多数建筑不够坚固”,两句之间是因果关系。because/since/as 意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。故填 because/since/as。
10. to care 解析:考查“疑问词+to do”结构。know how to care for themselves 意为“知道如何照顾(保护)他们自己”。故填 to care。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和洪水相关的信息。
1. D 解析:根据“They can be a hurricane, a dam failure, or an overflowing river. The disasters can move quickly.”以及“It's important to know how to keep your family and belongings safe during such an event.”可知,洪水速度很快,没有什么征兆就会发生。选项 D“有时它们几乎没有任何警告。”符合语境。故选 D。
2. C 解析:根据“In general, there are two types.”以及“The soil in these areas can't absorb a lot of moisture.”可知此处介绍第一类洪水,这些地区的土壤不能吸收大量的水分。选项 C“山洪在干旱地区暴发更为常见。”符合语境。故选 C。
3. F 解析:根据“A flood can be caused by many things.”可知,洪水可能由多种因素引发。选项 F“它们包括恶劣的天气、地理和其他人为因素。”符合语境。故选 F。
4. G 解析:根据“There is no specific flood season.”可知,没有特定的汛期。选项 G“一般来说,春季至秋季被认为是洪水风险较高的时期。”符合语境。故选 G。
5. B 解析:根据“Using existing maps and analyzing low-lying areas can identify high risk areas for flooding.”可知,使用现有地图并分析低洼地区可以确定洪水的高风险地区,所以洪水是可以预防和预测的。选项 B“洪水是可以预防和预测的。”符合语境。故选 B。
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了缅甸地震以及震后人们的支援行动。
1. On 解析:在具体的日期(March 28)前,介词应使用 on。位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 On。
2. The 解析:此处指代前文提到的那场地震,表示特指,需使用定冠词 the。位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 The。
3. suddenly 解析:此处用于修饰动词短语“fell down(倒塌)”,需使用副词形式。sudden 的副词形式为 suddenly,意为“突然地”。故填 suddenly。
4. strongest 解析:根据句中的“the”以及时间状语“at the beginning of 2025”可知,此处是指 2025 年初“最强烈的”地震,应用最高级形式。strong 的最高级为 strongest。故填 strongest。
5. directions 解析:考查固定短语 from all directions,意为“从四面八方”。direction 为可数名词,在此处应用复数形式。故填 directions。
6. to tell 解析:考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:当地人也冒险去互相告知(地震的消息)。take risks to do sth 意为“冒险做某事”。故填 to tell。
7. brought 解析:本文描写的是过去发生的地震及救援情况,主句谓语动词应使用过去式。bring 的过去式为 brought。故填 brought。
8. ourselves 解析:考查反身代词。句意:我们可以做些什么来拯救我们自己?主语是 we,对应的反身代词是 ourselves。故填 ourselves。
9. because/since/as 解析:前半句是“建造更坚固的房子”,后半句是“缅甸大多数建筑不够坚固”,两句之间是因果关系。because/since/as 意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。故填 because/since/as。
10. to care 解析:考查“疑问词+to do”结构。know how to care for themselves 意为“知道如何照顾(保护)他们自己”。故填 to care。
解析
【分析】
本题分为短文还原和语法填空两部分。短文还原需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系（如因果、递进）匹配选项语义，逐一确定答案；语法填空需根据句子结构、词性转换、固定搭配、时态等语法知识填入正确形式的单词。
1. 短文还原：根据前文提及的洪水特点、类型、成因、汛期及后文的预防方法，逐一匹配选项语义确定答案；
2. 语法填空：根据具体日期的介词用法、特指的冠词用法、词性转换、最高级、固定搭配、时态、反身代词、因果连词、疑问词+不定式结构等语法规则填空。
【解析】
Ⅵ. 短文还原：
1. D：前文提到洪水移动快，后文强调需保障安全，说明洪水常无预警，D项“有时它们几乎没有任何警告”符合语境；
2. C：前文指出洪水有两种类型，后文讲某类区域土壤无法吸水，对应“山洪在干旱地区暴发更为常见”的C项；
3. F：前文说明洪水由多种因素引发，F项列举了恶劣天气、地理、人为因素，符合逻辑；
4. G：前文提到无特定汛期，G项“一般来说，春季至秋季被认为是洪水风险较高的时期”衔接合理；
5. B：后文提到可通过地图分析洪水高风险区，说明洪水可预防和预测，B项符合。
Ⅶ. 语法填空：
1. On：具体日期前用介词On，句首大写；
2. The：特指前文提到的缅甸地震，用定冠词The，句首大写；
3. suddenly：修饰动词短语fell down，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly；
4. strongest：句中有定冠词the，表“最强烈的地震”，用strong的最高级strongest；
5. directions：固定短语from all directions意为“从四面八方”，direction用复数；
6. to tell：固定搭配take risks to do sth（冒险做某事），填不定式to tell；
7. brought：描述过去发生的地震救援情况，用一般过去时，bring的过去式为brought；
8. ourselves：主语是we，表“拯救我们自己”，用反身代词ourselves；
9. because/since/as：前后句为因果关系，前半句说要建坚固房子，后半句说缅甸建筑不坚固，故用表原因的连词；
10. to care：疑问词how+不定式作know的宾语，填to care。
【答案】
Ⅵ. 1.D 2.C 3.F 4.G 5.B；Ⅶ. 1.On 2.The 3.suddenly 4.strongest 5.directions 6.to tell 7.brought 8.ourselves 9.because/since/as 10.to care
【知识点】
语篇衔接与语境理解、基础语法运用
【点评】
本题为中考英语常见题型，短文还原侧重考查语篇逻辑与上下文衔接能力，语法填空侧重考查初中核心语法知识，整体难度适中，需学生具备一定的语篇分析和语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题分为短文还原和语法填空两部分。短文还原需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系（如因果、递进）匹配选项语义，逐一确定答案；语法填空需根据句子结构、词性转换、固定搭配、时态等语法知识填入正确形式的单词。
1. 短文还原：根据前文提及的洪水特点、类型、成因、汛期及后文的预防方法，逐一匹配选项语义确定答案；
2. 语法填空：根据具体日期的介词用法、特指的冠词用法、词性转换、最高级、固定搭配、时态、反身代词、因果连词、疑问词+不定式结构等语法规则填空。
【解析】
Ⅵ. 短文还原：
1. D：前文提到洪水移动快，后文强调需保障安全，说明洪水常无预警，D项“有时它们几乎没有任何警告”符合语境；
2. C：前文指出洪水有两种类型，后文讲某类区域土壤无法吸水，对应“山洪在干旱地区暴发更为常见”的C项；
3. F：前文说明洪水由多种因素引发，F项列举了恶劣天气、地理、人为因素，符合逻辑；
4. G：前文提到无特定汛期，G项“一般来说，春季至秋季被认为是洪水风险较高的时期”衔接合理；
5. B：后文提到可通过地图分析洪水高风险区，说明洪水可预防和预测，B项符合。
Ⅶ. 语法填空：
1. On：具体日期前用介词On，句首大写；
2. The：特指前文提到的缅甸地震，用定冠词The，句首大写；
3. suddenly：修饰动词短语fell down，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly；
4. strongest：句中有定冠词the，表“最强烈的地震”，用strong的最高级strongest；
5. directions：固定短语from all directions意为“从四面八方”，direction用复数；
6. to tell：固定搭配take risks to do sth（冒险做某事），填不定式to tell；
7. brought：描述过去发生的地震救援情况，用一般过去时，bring的过去式为brought；
8. ourselves：主语是we，表“拯救我们自己”，用反身代词ourselves；
9. because/since/as：前后句为因果关系，前半句说要建坚固房子，后半句说缅甸建筑不坚固，故用表原因的连词；
10. to care：疑问词how+不定式作know的宾语，填to care。
【答案】
Ⅵ. 1.D 2.C 3.F 4.G 5.B；Ⅶ. 1.On 2.The 3.suddenly 4.strongest 5.directions 6.to tell 7.brought 8.ourselves 9.because/since/as 10.to care
【知识点】
语篇衔接与语境理解、基础语法运用
【点评】
本题为中考英语常见题型，短文还原侧重考查语篇逻辑与上下文衔接能力，语法填空侧重考查初中核心语法知识，整体难度适中，需学生具备一定的语篇分析和语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
