6. —How much time did the experiment actually take? —It took three hours,
. The textbook said three hours, and we finished right on time.

A.more or less
B.no more than
C.no less than
D.neither more nor less

6. D 解析:A. more or less 或多或少;B. no more than 仅仅,最多;C. no less than 不少于,多达;D. neither more nor less不多不少,正好。根据“课本说三小时,我们刚好准时完成”,故选 D。

【分析】
首先先抓取题干中的关键提示信息：后文明确说明“课本标注实验时长为三小时，我们刚好准时完成”，说明实际花费的时长和规定的三小时完全相等，没有多出也没有不足。接下来我们需要逐一辨析四个选项对应的固定短语的准确含义，把不符合“时长完全精准等于三小时”语境的选项逐一排除，最终匹配出最贴合语境的答案。
【解析】
先梳理题干语义：
——这个实验实际花了多长时间？
——花了三小时，________。课本上说明的时长是三小时，我们刚好准时完成。
接下来逐一辨析选项：
A. more or less 意为“或多或少，大约”，表示时长和3小时存在小幅偏差，不符合“刚好准时完成”的表述，排除；
B. no more than 意为“不超过，仅仅”，强调时长最多为3小时，暗含实际用时可能短于3小时的含义，不符合语境，排除；
C. no less than 意为“不少于，多达”，强调时长最少为3小时，暗含实际用时可能长于3小时的含义，不符合语境，排除；
D. neither more nor less 意为“不多不少，正好”，完全对应“用时和课本规定的三小时完全一致、准时完成”的描述，符合题意。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
固定短语辨析，语境逻辑判断
【点评】
本题重点考察和数量描述相关的易混固定短语的词义区分，解题的核心是抓住题干后半句的关键提示信息，明确语境要求的是“实际时长和规定时长完全对等”，区分开表约数、表上限、表下限、表精准对等的四类短语的差异，就能快速锁定正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.6

7. —I hear that Lucy's uncle is a worker here.
—Yes. Look! The man is working over there is her uncle.

A.whom
B.who
C.what
D.which

7. B 解析:先行词是 man 指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,用 who,故选 B。

【分析】
拿到这道题首先要判断考点是定语从句的关系代词选用，解题分三步走：第一步先找到定语从句修饰的先行词，也就是空格前的the man，明确它指代的是人；第二步分析从句的句子成分，从句“____ is working over there”缺少主语，需要选指代人、且能在从句中作主语的关系代词；第三步逐一排查选项，排除不符合规则的选项就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 分析句子结构：空格所在句的主句是The man is her uncle，中间部分是修饰先行词the man的定语从句，先行词the man指代人。
2. 判断从句成分：定语从句中缺少主语，需要选用指代人、可作主语的关系代词。
3. 逐一排除错误选项：
选项A whom：指代人，但只能在定语从句中作宾语，不能作主语，不符合要求；
选项C what：不能引导定语从句，直接排除；
选项D which：指代的是事物，不能指代人，不符合先行词属性，排除；
选项B who：指代人，且可以在定语从句中作主语，完全符合要求。
因此正确答案是B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
定语从句，关系代词用法
【点评】
本题是定语从句的基础经典考题，核心考查学生对指人的关系代词的用法区分，只要掌握先行词指代对象的判断、关系代词在从句中所作成分的分析方法，就能快速排除干扰项选出答案，是定语从句章节必须掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

8. My father in a panda protection centre for 10 years, so he knows a lot about pandas.

A.was working
B.is working
C.has worked
D.will work

8. C 解析:根据“for 10 years”表示一段时间,是现在完成时标志,结构为“have/has+过去分词”,故选 C。

【分析】
拿到这道时态题，首先要优先寻找题干中的时间提示线索，题干里出现了"for 10 years"这个表示持续时长的短语，同时后半句“他对熊猫十分了解”是这个动作带来的现在的结果，我们可以对应到现在完成时的使用场景，再结合时态的结构要求逐一排除不符合的选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位时态标志：句中"for 10 years"是现在完成时的典型标识，用于表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且对现在造成了影响，本题中体现为父亲积累了大量熊猫相关的知识。
2. 匹配时态结构：现在完成时的基本结构为"have/has + 动词过去分词"，本句主语My father是第三人称单数，对应的助动词用has，动词work的过去分词为worked，即正确形式为has worked。
3. 排除错误选项：
A选项was working是过去进行时，仅能描述过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，无法和长达10年的持续时间段搭配；
B选项is working是现在进行时，描述当下正在发生的动作，不符合动作持续十年的语境；
D选项will work是一般将来时，描述尚未发生的动作，和后半句“他很了解熊猫”的逻辑完全矛盾。
综上只有C选项符合要求。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
现在完成时；时态辨析
【点评】
本题是英语时态板块的基础常考题，核心考点就是现在完成时的标志性时间状语"for+时间段"，只要学生牢记不同时态的适用场景和标识词，就能快速判断出正确选项，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅳ.句子翻译
1. 没有付出就没有收获。

2. 他的诗歌向读者展现了他对自然力量的崇敬。

3. 我了解到了优秀文学作品应具备的品质。


4. 这本书讲述了生活在美丽小镇里的一些热心人。


5. 对我影响最大的书是《瓦尔登湖》。

1. Nothing will come of nothing.
2. His poems show the reader his respect for the power of nature.
3. I learn/learnt about the qualities that good literature should have.
4. The book is about some warm-hearted people who live in a beautiful town.
5. The book that influences me the most is Walden.

【分析】
这是一组基础汉译英习题，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 优先识别是否为通用英语谚语，直接匹配对应的标准固定译法；2. 拆分每个中文句子的核心主谓宾主干，先翻译主干部分；3. 梳理句子中的修饰成分，比如定语含义，判断是否可以用介词短语、定语从句来衔接修饰对应的名词，让句子符合英语表达逻辑；4. 核对固定搭配的正确写法，比如“对…的崇敬”“对…影响最大”的对应表达，同时确认专有文学作品名的标准译名，最后检查时态、主谓一致等语法细节，避免逐字翻译产出不通顺的中式英语。
【解析】
1. 该句是英语经典通用谚语，对应标准固定译法即可，含义完全匹配“没有付出就没有收获”。
2. 先提取主干：主语“他的诗歌”译为His poems，谓语“向…展现”用show接双宾语，间接宾语“读者”为the reader，直接宾语“他的崇敬”为his respect，后置用介词短语for the power of nature修饰respect表“对自然力量的”，组合后得到完整句子。
3. 提取主干：主语“我”译为I，谓语“了解到”可译为一般现在时learn或者一般过去时learnt about，宾语“品质”为the qualities，用that引导定语从句that good literature should have修饰qualities，对应“优秀文学作品应具备的”，组合后得到完整句子。
4. 提取主干：主语“这本书”译为The book，谓语部分“讲述”用is about表达，宾语“一些热心人”为some warm-hearted people，用who引导定语从句who live in a beautiful town修饰people，对应“生活在美丽小镇里的”，组合后得到完整句子。
5. 提取主干：主语核心“书”译为The book，用that引导定语从句that influences me the most修饰The book，对应“对我影响最大的”，表语部分《瓦尔登湖》的标准英文译名为Walden，组合后得到完整句子。
【答案】
1. Nothing will come of nothing.
2. His poems show the reader his respect for the power of nature.
3. I learn/learnt about the qualities that good literature should have.
4. The book is about some warm-hearted people who live in a beautiful town.
5. The book that influences me the most is Walden.
【知识点】
汉译英基础，定语从句，常用英语谚语
【点评】
本题侧重考察基础英语翻译能力，覆盖了谚语识记、简单句构造、定语从句运用多个考点，整体贴合中学英语文学主题相关的翻译考察要求，只要掌握基础句式结构和对应固定搭配，就能顺利完成翻译，需要注意避免生硬逐字翻译，保证产出的句子符合英语表达习惯。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅴ. 阅读理解
新语篇 名著节选 It happened in Circle City.
Thornton tried to stop the fight between Burton and another man. Buck, Thornton's dog, was lying in the corner watching. Then Burton hit Thornton. Buck flew through the air at Burton's throat. Burton saved his own life by putting up his arm and was thrown onto the ground, with Buck on top of him. Then people pulled Buck off and called a doctor. The locals agreed that Buck had only attacked because he saw Thornton in danger. From that day, Buck's name became famous all over the north.
Later that year, Buck saved Thornton in a different way. Thornton was in the boat down a fast and rocky river, while Hans and Pete, his friends, moved along the riverbank, holding the boat with a rope. Buck followed them, keeping a worried eye on Thornton.
They came to a dangerous part of the river. The boat went so quickly that Hans had to pull the rope to stop it. But the boat turned over. Thornton dropped into the water down towards rocks.
Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred metres until he reached Thornton. They moved slowly, and all the time the river was carrying them down. Thornton knew they would not get to the bank quickly enough, so he let go of Buck before both of them got killed. He held onto a rock in the middle of the water and shouted, "Leave! Buck, go!"
Buck swam hard to the bank, and Pete and Hans pulled him out.
It was hard for Thornton to hold onto the rock in that wild water, and his friends knew they had only a few minutes to save him. They tied their rope around Buck, who jumped in right away. The first time, the water took him past the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him back. The second time, he swam higher up the river, and the water brought him down to Thornton. Thornton held onto Buck, and Hans and Pete pulled the rope hard. Man and dog disappeared under the water, turning over and over. When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out, both seemed dead. But after a while their eyes opened and life returned.
—Adapted from The Call of the Wild
1. Why did Buck attack Burton according to the local people?
A. Because he was hit by Burton.
B. Because he saw Thornton in danger.
C. Because he was angry and hungry.
D. Because Thornton told him to attack.
2. In what order did the second story happen?
a. Buck swam three hundred metres to reach Thornton.
b. The boat turned over and Thornton fell into a rocky river.
c. Thornton held onto a rock and told Buck to leave.
d. Buck swam to Thornton with a rope.
A. b—a—c—d
B. b—a—d—c
C. c—b—a—d
D. a—c—b—d
3. 语言能力 分析能力 Which words can best describe Buck?
A. Young and calm.
B. Smart but impolite.
C. Impatient and careless.
D. Brave and helpful.
4. 语言能力 推断能力 What can we infer from the text?
A. Thornton and Buck nearly died but returned to life at the end of the story.
B. Thornton treated Buck as a helper instead of someone he cared about.
C. Buck may risk his life to save Thornton again when Thornton is in danger.
D. Buck was famous all over the north because he attacked and killed a man.

1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
【文章大意】本文节选自《野性的呼唤》,讲述 Buck 奋不顾身地救遇到危险的 Thornton 的故事。
1. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段“The locals agreed that Buck had only attacked because he saw Thornton in danger.”可知,Buck 是因为看到 Thornton 遇到危险才进行攻击。故选 B。
2. A 解析:事件排序题。根据第三段“But the boat turned over. Thornton dropped into the water down towards rocks.”船翻了,Thornton 掉进河里;第四段“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred metres until he reached Thornton ... He held onto a rock in the middle of the water and shouted, 'Leave! Buck, go!'”Buck 游了三百米才到达 Thornton ……Thornton 抓住一块石头,叫 Buck 离开;第六段“They tied their rope around Buck, who jumped in right away ...”Buck 带绳子游向 Thornton 可知,正确顺序为 b-a-c-d。故选 A。
3. D 解析:观点态度题。根据第一段“Buck flew through the air at Burton's throat.”和第四段“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred metres until he reached Thornton.”Buck 先后两次出手救 Thornton 可知,它既勇敢又乐于助人。故选 D。
4. C 解析:推理判断题。根据第一段“Buck flew through the air at Burton's throat.”和第四段“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred metres until he reached Thornton.”只要 Thornton 有危险,Buck 就奋不顾身地救他。由此可知,当 Thornton 再次遇危险时,Buck 还会冒险相救。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇名著节选类阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文梳理故事主线：巴克两次不顾自身安危营救主人桑顿的经历。针对不同题型采用对应解题思路：第1题是细节题，直接定位原文第一段当地人的观点即可快速锁定答案；第2题是事件排序题，需要按照第二个营救故事的行文顺序，逐个标记四个事件的先后位置，匹配出正确序列；第3题是人物形象分析题，结合巴克两次舍身救人的行为总结性格特质，排除不符合行为描述的选项；第4题是推理判断题，注意区分原文直接陈述的事实和需要推导得出的结论，排除属于原文直接给出内容的干扰项，选出合理推断项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段倒数第二句"The locals agreed that Buck had only attacked because he saw Thornton in danger."，明确当地人认为巴克攻击伯顿的原因是看到桑顿身处危险，其余选项原文均无对应依据，直接选出正确答案。
2. 事件排序题：梳理第二次营救的事件先后顺序：首先船翻了，桑顿掉进湍急多岩的河里（对应事件b）；接着巴克立刻跳进水里，游了三百米到达桑顿身边（对应事件a）；之后桑顿抓着河中央的岩石，大喊让巴克离开（对应事件c）；最后同伴把绳子系在巴克身上，巴克带着绳子游向桑顿（对应事件d），最终匹配出正确序列。
3. 人物形象分析题：巴克看到主人被袭击立刻冲上前保护，主人落水后毫不犹豫跳进危险的急流中营救，两次行为都不顾自身安危，完全契合勇敢、乐于助人的特质，其余选项的描述均和巴克的行为表现不符。
4. 推理判断题：选项A是原文最后一段直接明确陈述的事实，不属于推断内容；选项B和原文展现的巴克与桑顿的深厚情谊完全相悖；选项D和原文第一段内容矛盾，巴克并没有杀死人；结合巴克两次奋不顾身营救遇险桑顿的行为，可以合理推导出后续桑顿遇到危险时，巴克依然会冒生命危险施救。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，事件逻辑排序，文本推理判断
【点评】
本题选自经典文学《野性的呼唤》的节选，题型覆盖了中小学英语阅读理解常见的核心考点，既考察学生快速定位文本信息、梳理叙事脉络的基础阅读能力，也通过人物形象分析和推理判断题考察学生的文本深度理解能力，同时传递了人与动物之间真挚的羁绊，引导学生体会文本背后的情感内核。解题时要特别注意推理判断题不能选择原文直接明确给出的陈述内容，要选出文本暗示推导得出的结论。
【难度系数】
0.7