Ⅵ. 中考趋势 信息还原
从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项多余。
China is a country with a long history. It has great traditional culture. 1. Among the Chinese classics, *The Book of Songs*(《诗经》) and *Historical Records*(《史记》) are two of the most important works. Here are book reviews of these two classics.
Shijing*, also known as *The Book of Songs*, is the earliest collection of poetry in China. 2. When I read this book, I feel like I'm having a talk across time and space with people from thousands of years ago. Among all the poems in this book, my favourite is called *Cai Wei*(《采薇》). 3. Even though they missed their homeland very much, they couldn't return because of the war. By reading the poem, we can understand what these soldiers went through, feel their sadness and see how hard war can be.
Historical Records*, or *Shiji*, is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official of the Western Han Dynasty(202 BCE－CE 8), wrote it. 4. This book is divided into 130 chapters. In this book I really like how the writer describes different people. For example, there's Da Yu, who tried so hard to stop a big flood that he refused to enter his home while passing by many times. There are also two farmers, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, who stood up for ordinary people. 5. He wrote good things about heroes and also criticized(批判) bad rulers.
A. It includes 305 poems of the Zhou Dynasty.
B. Nowadays, more and more foreigners are learning about Chinese culture.
C. When I read this book, I can see how Sima Qian made the characters come alive.
D. It covers Chinese history from the Yellow Emperor to the early Han Dynasty.
E. This poem mainly talks about how soldiers had to leave their homes to fight for many years.
F. In recent years, educational experts have said many times about the importance of reading Chinese classics.

1.F 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C
【文章大意】本文主要讲了《诗经》和《史记》两部中国经典著作的内容特点及作者对它们的阅读感受。
1. F 解析:根据“Among the Chinese classics, The Book of Songs and Historical Records are two of the most important works.”可知,此处是引出中国经典著作,选项 F“近年来,教育专家多次谈到阅读中国经典的重要性。”符合语境。故选 F。
2. A 解析:根据“Shijing, also known as The Book of Songs, is the earliest collection of poetry in China.”可知,此处是介绍《诗经》的基本情况,选项 A“它收录了周朝的 305首诗。”符合语境。故选 A。
3. E 解析:根据“Even though they missed their homeland very much, they couldn't return because of the war.”可知,此处是介绍《采薇》这首诗的内容,选项 E“这首诗主要讲述了士兵们不得不离开家乡征战多年的故事。”符合语境。故选 E。
4. D 解析:根据“Historical Records, or Shiji, is the first biographical general history of China.”以及“This book is divided into 130 chapters.”可知,此处是介绍《史记》的相关内容,选项 D“它涵盖了从黄帝到汉初的中国历史。”符合语境。故选 D。
5. C 解析:根据“In this book I really like how the writer describes different people.”以及“He wrote good things about heroes and also criticized bad rulers.”可知,此处是评价司马迁对《史记》中人物的刻画,选项 C“当我读这本书时,我能看到司马迁是如何让人物栩栩如生的。”符合语境。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一道六选五的信息还原阅读题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍中国两部经典文学著作《诗经》和《史记》的基本内容与阅读感受，理清整体行文逻辑是先引出中国经典读物的话题，再分别介绍两部作品。第二步逐个分析每个空白处的前后文线索，匹配选项关键词：第1空后文直接引出“中国经典著作中《诗经》《史记》是最重要的两部”，空白处需要起到引出“中国经典阅读”话题的作用；第2空前文点明《诗经》是我国最早的诗歌总集，空白处需要补充介绍《诗经》的基本构成信息；第3空前后分别提到《采薇》这首诗、士兵因战争无法返乡的内容，空白处需要衔接介绍这首诗的核心主题；第4空前后分别点明《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史、全书共130篇，空白处需要补充《史记》的内容覆盖范围相关信息；第5空前后分别提到作者喜欢书中对不同人物的描写、司马迁既歌颂英雄也批判昏君，空白处需要衔接评价司马迁的人物刻画能力。最后验证剩余的多余选项和全文主题无关，确认排除即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到中国有悠久历史和优秀传统文化，后文直接引出中国经典著作中的两部代表作品，F选项“近年来，教育专家多次谈到阅读中国经典的重要性”恰好起到承上启下、引出中国经典读物话题的作用，符合语境。
2. 第二空：前文介绍《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集，A选项“它收录了周朝的305首诗”是对《诗经》基本内容构成的补充说明，和前文的“诗歌总集”属性对应，符合语境。
3. 第三空：前文提到作者最喜欢的篇目《采薇》，后文描述士兵十分思念家乡却因战争无法返回的内容，E选项“这首诗主要讲述了士兵们不得不离开家乡征战多年的故事”精准衔接了前后文，点明《采薇》的核心主题，符合语境。
4. 第四空：前文介绍《史记》是中国第一部纪传体通史，后文说明全书分为130个章节，D选项“它涵盖了从黄帝到汉初的中国历史”是对《史记》作为通史的时间覆盖范围的补充介绍，符合语境。
5. 第五空：前文列举了《史记》中大禹、陈胜吴广等不同人物的描写案例，后文说明司马迁既记录英雄的功绩也批判昏庸的统治者，C选项“当我读这本书时，我能看到司马迁是如何让人物栩栩如生的”衔接前后文，点明司马迁的人物刻画能力，符合语境。
剩余B选项“现在越来越多外国人学习中国文化”在全文中没有任何对应相关的内容，属于多余选项，直接排除。
【答案】
1.F 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
信息还原阅读 语篇逻辑衔接 中国经典文学常识
【点评】
本题属于中考常见的信息还原类阅读题型，选材贴合中国传统文化热点，既考查学生抓取上下文线索、匹配语篇逻辑的阅读能力，也融入了基础的中国古典文学常识，所有空白处的提示线索都非常明确，多余干扰项和全文主题关联度极低，学生很容易通过关键词对应选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8