Ⅶ. 首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示,在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
While many people think of ice cream as a modern Western invention, it actually existed as early as the Tang Dynasty. Back then, it wasn't called ice cream, though. 1. I, it was known as "Su Shan" or "Su He Shan".
"Su" was a dairy product(乳制品) 2. s to cream or butter. It is believed to have been 3. i to central China by nomads(游牧民) from the north. "Su" was not only tasty but also nutritious.
According to some historical records, "Su Shan" was often made by women. They would heat "Su" until it melted and then carefully pour it onto a plate, 4. s it into the shape of a mountain or coral reef. Afterwards, they would 5. f it in an icebox. Sometimes, sugar was added on top. The dessert might also be 6. d with some flowers and leaves to make it look more attractive.
In his poem Ode to Su He Shan, Tang poet Wang Lingran described how people enjoyed "Su Shan". "It is neither solid nor watery," he wrote. "It 7. d as soon as it touches your teeth." In The Noble Lady, a famous fresco(湿壁画) found in the tomb of Crown Prince Zhanghuai, two out of the six ladies are holding "Su Shan". At first, researchers thought they were holding potted plants. Upon closer examination, they concluded that it was 8. s more like today's ice cream, with flowers on top.
"Su Shan" was a popular dish during the Tang and Song dynasties. However, only rich people and royalty(王族) could 9. a large iceboxes to prepare this summer treat. 10. L, today, we can all enjoy ice cream whenever we want!

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国古代的一种冰激凌——“酥山”或“苏合山”的历史。
1. Instead 解析:根据“it wasn't called ice cream, though”和“it was known as 'Su Shan' or 'Su He Shan'”可知,此处表示“相反、而是”,结合首字母 I,填 Instead。
2. similar 解析:根据“a dairy product”和“to cream or butter”以及首字母 s,可知此处表示“类似于奶油或黄油”,固定搭配 be similar to,填 similar。
3. introduced 解析:根据“by nomads from the north”和首字母 i,可知此处表示“被游牧民族引入中原”,用被动语态 be introduced to,填 introduced。
4. shaping 解析:根据“pour it onto a plate”和“into the shape of a mountain or coral reef”以及首字母 s,可知此处表示“塑造成山或珊瑚礁的形状”,用现在分词作伴随状语,填 shaping。
5. freeze 解析:根据“in an icebox”和首字母 f,可知此处表示“在冰盒里冷冻”,情态动词 would 后用动词原形,填 freeze。
6. decorated 解析:根据“with some flowers and leaves to make it look more attractive”和首字母 d,可知此处表示“用花叶装饰”,用被动语态 be decorated with,填 decorated。
7. disappears 解析:根据“It is neither solid nor watery”和“as soon as it touches your teeth”以及首字母 d,可知此处表示“一入口就融化消失”,主语 It 为第三人称单数,填 disappears。
8. something 解析:根据“more like today's ice cream”和首字母 s,可知此处表示“某种更像今天冰激凌的东西”,填 something。
9. afford 解析:根据“only rich people and royalty”和“large iceboxes”以及首字母 a,可知此处表示“只有富人和王族能买得起大冰盒”,情态动词 could 后用动词原形,填 afford。
10. Luckily 解析:根据“today, we can all enjoy ice cream whenever we want”和首字母 L,可知此处表示“幸运的是”,填 Luckily。

【分析】
做这类首字母填空题目，首先第一步要通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍中国唐代就存在的古代甜品“酥山”的发展历史，理清整体行文逻辑。之后逐空结合上下文语义、固定搭配规则、语法要求以及给出的首字母提示推导答案，推导完成后还要代入全文通读检查，确认语义通顺、词形符合语法要求：
1. 第一空前文点明当时这种甜品并不叫冰淇淋，后文说它被称为“酥山”，前后是替代转折的逻辑，结合首字母I，可想到表示“相反、取而代之”的副词Instead。
2. 第二空描述“酥”这种乳制品和奶油、黄油的关联，结合固定搭配be similar to（与……相似），首字母s，可得出形容词similar。
3. 第三空后面出现by引出动作的发出者北方游牧民，是被动语态结构，语义是这种乳制品由北方游牧民传入中原，结合首字母i，动词introduce的被动形式为introduced。
4. 第四空描述人们把融化的酥倒在盘子上之后的伴随动作，把它塑造成山或者珊瑚的形状，这里和主语they是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，结合首字母s，动词shape变形为shaping。
5. 第五空后文提到放在冰盒里，结合常识是要冷冻定型，情态动词would后接动词原形，首字母f，得出freeze。
6. 第六空后文说用花叶装饰让甜品更好看，是被动结构“被用……装饰”，固定搭配be decorated with，首字母d，得出decorated。
7. 第七空描述这种甜品入口的状态，既不硬也不稀，碰到牙齿就融化消失，主语it是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词要变形，结合首字母d，得出disappears。
8. 第八空表达研究人员判断这是某种更像现代冰淇淋的事物，指代不确定的事物，首字母s，得出something。
9. 第九空前文点明只有富人和王族，搭配后面的大型冰盒，语义是只有他们能负担得起大冰盒的成本，情态动词could后接动词原形，首字母a，得出afford。
10. 第十空前文说古代只有少数人能享用这种甜品，后文说现在所有人随时都能吃到冰淇淋，是正向的转折，表达“幸运的是”的含义，首字母L，得出Luckily。
【解析】
1. 考查副词。前后句为替代转折逻辑，句意为：相反，它被称为“酥山”或者“苏合山”，填Instead。
2. 考查固定搭配。be similar to为固定短语，意为“与……相似”，句意为：“酥”是一种和奶油或黄油类似的乳制品，填similar。
3. 考查被动语态。此处为一般过去时的被动结构be+过去分词，句意为：人们认为它是由来自北方的游牧民引入中原的，填introduced。
4. 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作伴随状语，和逻辑主语they构成主动关系，句意为：将“酥”加热融化后小心倒在盘子上，把它塑造成山或者珊瑚礁的形状，填shaping。
5. 考查动词。情态动词would后接动词原形，句意为：之后他们会把它放在冰盒里冷冻，填freeze。
6. 考查被动语态。be decorated with为固定被动结构，意为“用……装饰”，句意为：这种甜点也可能用一些花和叶子装饰，让它看起来更有吸引力，填decorated。
7. 考查一般现在时谓语动词变形。主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，句意为：它一碰到你的牙齿就会消失，填disappears。
8. 考查不定代词。此处指代不确定的某类事物，句意为：他们得出结论，这是某种更像今天冰淇淋的东西，顶部还有花，填something。
9. 考查动词。情态动词could后接动词原形，afford意为“负担得起、买得起”，句意为：然而只有富人和王族能买得起大冰盒来制作这款夏日甜品，填afford。
10. 考查副词。此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子，句意为：幸运的是，现在我们随时都可以享用冰淇淋！填Luckily。
【答案】
1. Instead
2. similar
3. introduced
4. shaping
5. freeze
6. decorated
7. disappears
8. something
9. afford
10. Luckily
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题是文化类说明文首字母填空题，既考察学生对全文上下文逻辑的梳理能力，也对初中阶段常见的固定短语、被动语态、非谓语动词、动词三单变形等语法点进行了综合考查，同时融入了中国古代饮食文化的相关常识，引导学生了解本土历史，解题时需要注意结合语境判断词形变化，避免只写词根忽略变形的失分情况。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅷ.书面表达
你校英语社团举办“剧本创作大赛”。请以“My own drama story”为题,以下面的要点作为提示,展开合理想象,编写一段100词左右的故事。
要点:1. Main characters: Li Hai, fourteen years old, helpful, calm ...; Mr Sun, his neighbour, seventy years old, alone ...
2. Time: last Sunday afternoon
3. Place: Mr Sun's house
4. Storyline: ...
注意:1. 短文需包含以上要点,展开合理想象并适当发挥;2. 短文中已给出的部分,不计入总词数。
My own drama story
Li Hai is fourteen years old.

One possible version:
My own drama story
Li Hai is fourteen years old. He is a helpful boy. He is ready to help people in need at any time.
Last Sunday afternoon, he was alone at home. He did some reading after finishing his homework. Suddenly, he heard someone shouting for help. He ran outside and saw much smoke from next door. The seventy-year-old Mr Sun lives alone next to his flat, so he went in and found Mr Sun in the kitchen. His leg was badly hurt and he couldn't get out. The smoke was heavy and the fire was hot, but Li Hai was quite calm. He dialled 119 first, rushed to the bathroom and poured water over his clothes to protect himself. Then he put a wet blanket over Mr Sun and helped him out safely.
What a brave and helpful boy!
思路梳理
1. 题干解读:本文是一篇材料作文。按照所给的提示内容,以“My own drama story”为题,展开合理想象并适当发挥,编写一篇故事。注意要点齐全。
2. 写作指导:本文主要采用一般过去时。分为三段式:第一段简明地介绍其中一个角色李海;第二段讲述李海和孙先生上周日下午发生的事情经过;最后一段总结概括。写作时保持主谓一致性,逻辑性要强,无语法和标点错误。

【分析】
拿到这道书面表达题，首先第一步先梳理所有题干给出的强制要点，把人物身份性格、时间、地点全部列出来，避免写作时遗漏得分点。第二步确定叙事逻辑：要贴合李海“乐于助人、冷静”的人设，设计一个独居老年邻居孙先生在家遇险的合理剧情，完全匹配给定的场景设定。第三步确定时态：介绍人物常规特征用一般现在时，描述上周日发生的过往事件统一用一般过去时，规避时态错误。最后按照“介绍人物-讲述事件经过-收尾评价”的三段式结构行文，控制总词数在要求范围内，保证逻辑通顺。
【解析】
写作步骤如下：
1. 清点必写得分点：①主角李海14岁，性格乐于助人、冷静；②邻居孙先生70岁，独自居住；③事件发生时间为上周日下午；④事件发生地点在孙先生家中，确保所有要点全部覆盖。
2. 搭建行文框架：
第一部分：承接题干给出的开头句，补充介绍李海的性格特质，点明他平时就乐于助人。
第二部分：展开叙事，写上周日下午李海在家时，突然听到隔壁的呼救声，发现孙先生家冒出浓烟，他立刻赶到孙先生家中，发现独自居住的孙先生腿部受伤被困在厨房，他没有慌乱，保持冷静先拨打119报警，做好自身防护后用湿毯子护住孙先生，把他安全救出。
第三部分：收尾评价李海，点明他的勇敢善良，完成故事。
3. 校验修正：通读全文检查时态是否统一，确认没有遗漏要点，修正语法和拼写错误，调整语句让叙事流畅自然，符合100词左右的要求。
【答案】
One possible version:
My own drama story
Li Hai is fourteen years old. He is a helpful boy. He is ready to help people in need at any time.
Last Sunday afternoon, he was alone at home. He did some reading after finishing his homework. Suddenly, he heard someone shouting for help. He ran outside and saw much smoke from next door. The seventy-year-old Mr Sun lives alone next to his flat, so he went in and found Mr Sun in the kitchen. His leg was badly hurt and he couldn't get out. The smoke was heavy and the fire was hot, but Li Hai was quite calm. He dialled 119 first, rushed to the bathroom and poured water over his clothes to protect himself. Then he put a wet blanket over Mr Sun and helped him out safely.
What a brave and helpful boy!
【知识点】
一般过去时应用，记叙文写作，要点整合写作
【点评】
本题是给定核心要素的故事类记叙文写作，不需要学生自行构思全部背景，只需要把给定的人物、时间、地点要素自然融入剧情，设计符合人物特质的合理遇险施救情节即可，难度较低。写作时注意用一般过去时统一叙事时态，写完对照题干给出的要点逐一核查，避免漏点丢分，适当加入动作细节可以让故事更生动。
【难度系数】
0.7