一、词汇运用
1. After detailed (研究), the workers have found out the main cause of the machine failure.
2. This wonderful work written by Li Hua was (认为) the best prize-winning piece in the competition.
3. My sister (毕业) from Nanjing University with excellent grades two years ago.
4. Many visitors are (amazing) at the local artists' creative works.
5. We found a (hide) path through the forest during our trip last week.
6. In ancient times, most (wife) often managed household chores and raised children at home.

1. research
2. judged
3. graduated
4. amazed
5. hidden
6. wives

【分析】
本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合句子结构、时态、词性及词汇用法填写正确形式。解题思路：1. 第1题空格前是形容词，需填“研究”的名词；2. 第2题是被动语态，需填“认为”的过去分词；3. 第3题时间状语表过去，需填“毕业”的过去式；4. 第4题修饰人需用-ed形容词；5. 第5题修饰名词需用“隐藏的”形容词；6. 第6题most后接可数名词复数，需填wife的复数形式。
【解析】
1. 空格前为形容词detailed，需填名词，“研究”的名词为research，故填research；
2. 句子为被动语态（was+过去分词），“认为”的过去分词是judged，故填judged；
3. 由时间状语two years ago可知用一般过去时，“毕业”的过去式为graduated，故填graduated；
4. 修饰人（visitors）的形容词需用-ed形式，amazing修饰物，故填amazed；
5. 修饰名词path需用形容词，hide的过去分词hidden作形容词意为“隐藏的”，故填hidden；
6. most后接可数名词复数，wife的复数形式为wives，故填wives。
【答案】
1. research
2. judged
3. graduated
4. amazed
5. hidden
6. wives
【知识点】
名词的用法、动词的时态与语态、形容词辨析
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心词汇的形式运用，涵盖词性转换、时态语态、名词复数变化等基础知识点，题型常规，侧重学生对词汇不同形式的掌握，是英语学习中的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

() 1. We decide to move the party to tomorrow a heavy storm will arrive soon.

A.since
B.though
C.until
D.unless

1.A

【分析】首先明确句子前后的逻辑关系：前半句“我们决定把派对移到明天”是结果，后半句“很快会有大风暴到来”是原因，需选择表原因的连词。接着逐一分析选项连词的含义和用法，匹配逻辑关系即可得出答案。
【解析】句子逻辑为“前果后因”，即“因为很快会有大风暴，所以我们决定把派对移到明天”。选项分析：A.since意为“因为”，可引导原因状语从句，符合语境；B.though意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，表转折，不符合；C.until意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句，不符合；D.unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】原因状语从句、连词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查基础连词的用法，需准确判断句子逻辑关系，结合连词的语义和从句类型解题，属于英语基础考点，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8

() 2. — The writer changed the ending of his new story.
— Nice idea. It made the story more wonderful .

A.in his way
B.on the way
C.in some way
D.by the way

2.C

【分析】
这道题考查英语介词短语的词义辨析，解题时需先明确每个选项短语的含义，再结合对话语境判断匹配的选项。对话围绕作者修改故事结局展开，需选一个能体现“故事在某方面更精彩”含义的短语，通过逐一分析选项排除错误答案即可。
【解析】
逐一分析各选项：A选项in his way意为“用他的方式；挡路”，不符合语境；B选项on the way意为“在途中；即将”，与句意不符；C选项in some way意为“在某种程度上”，代入句中表示“这让故事在某种程度上更精彩”，契合语境；D选项by the way意为“顺便说一下”，用于转换话题，不符合此处语境。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
介词短语辨析
【点评】
本题考查常用介词短语的词义辨析，需结合具体语境选择恰当短语，属于基础词义辨析题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

（）3. — Some students feel of carrying heavy textbooks to school every day.
— reading materials is a good way to solve the problem.

A.tiring; Digitalize
B.tiring; To digitalize
C.tired; Digitalized
D.tired; Digitalizing

3.D

【分析】首先，第一个空修饰学生（人）的感受，需用-ed结尾的形容词tired（感到疲惫的），而tiring用于修饰事物，据此排除A、B选项；其次，第二个空在句中作主语，需用动名词形式，C选项Digitalized是过去分词，不能作主语，D选项Digitalizing是动名词，可作主语，符合语境，因此选D。
【解析】1. 第一空：修饰人的感受用形容词tired，tiring用于描述事物的特征，故排除A、B；2. 第二空：句子缺少主语，需用动名词充当主语，Digitalized为过去分词，无法作主语，Digitalizing为动名词，可作主语，符合要求，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析、动名词作主语
【点评】本题考查形容词的用法及非谓语动词中动名词作主语的知识点，需明确-ed/-ing形容词的修饰对象差异，掌握动名词作主语的规则，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5

（）4. The shape of these huge rocks has been greatly changed by wind and rain.

A.in time
B.on time
C.over time
D.at times

4.C

【分析】本题考查英语介词短语的词义辨析，解题时需先明确四个选项短语的含义，再结合句子语境判断符合逻辑的表达。句子核心是说明巨大岩石的形状被风雨长期作用大幅改变，需选择体现“随时间推移”含义的短语。
【解析】逐一分析选项：A.in time意为“及时；最终”；B.on time意为“准时”；C.over time意为“随着时间的推移”；D.at times意为“有时，偶尔”。结合语境，岩石形状的改变是长期风雨作用的结果，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】介词短语辨析；词义辨析
【点评】本题为基础的短语词义辨析题，要求学生掌握常见介词短语的含义并结合语境运用，难度较低，属于易得分题。
【难度系数】0.3

（）5. — I have some questions to ask. Could you tell me ? — Sure.

A.why does he hope to live a meaningful life
B.whether your father is ready to lend a hand
C.how could the condition of the caves be improved
D.when did they create the "Digital Dunhuang" website

5.B

【分析】
首先明确本题考查宾语从句的语序规则，宾语从句需使用陈述语序（即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他”的结构），不能使用疑问语序。逐一分析选项的语序：A、C、D均为疑问语序（分别出现助动词does、情态动词could、助动词did提前的倒装结构），不符合宾语从句要求；只有B选项为陈述语序，符合规则，据此确定答案。
【解析】
根据宾语从句的语法规定，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，主语需位于谓语之前，不能采用疑问句的倒装语序。对各选项分析如下：
选项A：“why does he hope...”为疑问语序，不符合要求，排除；
选项B：“whether your father is ready...”为陈述语序，符合要求；
选项C：“how could the condition...”为疑问语序，不符合要求，排除；
选项D：“when did they create...”为疑问语序，不符合要求，排除；
综上，正确答案为B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
宾语从句的语序
【点评】
本题聚焦宾语从句的核心基础规则——陈述语序，属于英语语法常规考点，难度不大，主要考查学生对宾语从句基本结构的掌握情况，是学生需熟练掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

() 6. — So you think the meaning of life is to make yourself happy?
— . I think it's more about making a difference to others.

A.Don't mention it
B.That's exactly what I mean
C.Not really
D.You're supposed to be right

6.C

【分析】首先理解对话语境：前者询问是否认为生命的意义是让自己快乐，后者后半句提出“更多是对别人产生影响”，说明后者不完全认同前者的观点，需选表示委婉否定的选项。逐一分析选项：A项用于回应感谢，不符合语境；B、D项均表示赞同，与后半句的转折态度矛盾；C项“Not really”表示委婉否定，符合语境。
【解析】根据对话逻辑，后者不认同前者的观点，转而表达自己的看法，因此要选表委婉否定的表达。A项“别客气”用于回应感谢，B项“那正是我的意思”、D项“你应该是对的”均表赞同，只有C项符合语境，故选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际用语
【点评】本题考查日常情景对话的用语辨析，需结合上下文判断说话者态度，属于基础情景题，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3

三、完成句子
1. 他考试取得佳绩，但这份成绩来之不易。
He got good grades in the exam, but it .
2. 这个贫苦的男孩年少辍学，扛起了养家的重担。
The poor boy at a young age to support his family.
3. 他已下定决心从今以后和父母推心置腹地交流。
He his parents heart to heart from now on.
4. 我们可以通过老板的态度来判断他是否对我们满意。
We can by his attitude.

1. didn't come easy
2. dropped out of school
3. has made up his mind to communicate with
4. judge/tell whether the boss is satisfied with us

【分析】
做完成句子题时，需先匹配中文含义对应的英文固定表达，再结合句子时态、主语等调整形式：1. “来之不易”对应固定表达come easy，结合前句过去式got，用一般过去时否定；2. “辍学”是固定搭配drop out of school，描述过去动作用过去式；3. “下定决心做某事”是固定搭配make up one's mind to do sth，句中“已”提示用现在完成时；4. “判断”用judge/tell，“对...满意”是be satisfied with sb，结合情态动词can后接动词原形。
【解析】
1. 考查固定短语“来之不易”的英文表达，前句谓语为过去式got，故此处用一般过去时的否定形式，填didn't come easy；
2. 考查固定搭配“drop out of school（辍学）”，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，故填dropped out of school；
3. 考查固定搭配“make up one's mind to do sth（下定决心做某事）”及现在完成时，句中“已”提示用现在完成时，主语为he，故填has made up his mind to communicate with；
4. 考查固定结构“judge whether...（判断是否...）”及短语“be satisfied with sb（对某人满意）”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填judge whether the boss is satisfied with us；
【答案】
1. didn't come easy
2. dropped out of school
3. has made up his mind to communicate with
4. judge/tell whether the boss is satisfied with us
【知识点】
固定短语、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为英语基础完成句子题型，聚焦常用固定表达与时态的运用，需学生熟练掌握基础短语及时态规则，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.5

四、阅读短文，回答问题
As one of the most respected educators in China, Zhang Guimei has devoted（奉献）her life to helping girls in poor mountain areas achieve their dreams of receiving education. Born in Heilongjiang Province in 1957, she went to Yunnan at the age of 17 to work and help develop
the local areas and has been working in faraway villages for over 40 years.
In 1996, Ms Zhang voluntarily moved to Huaping County, a poor area in Lijiang. Seeing many girls being forced to marry early instead of studying, she felt deeply sad. She spent years raising money on the streets of Kunming during holidays, often facing misunderstanding, yet she never gave up. With the support of the government, Huaping Senior High School for Girls, China’s first free senior high school for poor girls, was finally founded in 2008.
The road of running the school was really tough. In the early days, 9 out of 17 teachers gave up, leaving only 6 Party member teachers. Ms Zhang, who suffered from several diseases, led them to stick to their goal and devote themselves to teaching. By 2025, the school had sent over 2,000 girls to universities. “A girl can influence three generations（代）,” Ms Zhang once said. “My goal is to let them fly out of the mountains and change their own fates through education.”
Her selfless spirit has won her countless honours, including “Role Model of the Times” and the “July 1st Medal”. A graduate who returned to teach at her old school said, “Ms Zhang gave me a chance to see the wider world, and I want to pass on her love and kindness.”
Though Ms Zhang walks more slowly and her back is not as straight as before, she still keeps to her post and gets up early every morning to encourage her students with a loudspeaker.
1. When did Zhang Guimei go to Yunnan to help develop the local areas?

2. What makes Huaping Senior High School for Girls special?

3. What had the school achieved by 2025?

4. What does the returning graduate want to do?

5. What do you think of Zhang Guimei? And what can you learn from her?

1. At the age of 17/In 1974.
2. It's China's first free senior high school for poor girls.
3. It had sent over 2,000 girls to universities.
4. She wants to pass on Zhang Guimei's love and kindness.
5. She is a great, kind and hard-working teacher. From her, I learn that I should never give up when facing difficulties and try my best to help people in need.

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文对应段落的关键信息逐一解答：1. 定位张桂梅前往云南的时间；2. 定位华坪女高的特殊性描述；3. 定位2025年学校的成果；4. 定位返校毕业生的意愿；5. 结合全文内容评价张桂梅并谈感悟。
【解析】1. 从原文第一段“Born in Heilongjiang Province in 1957, she went to Yunnan at the age of 17...”可提取时间信息；2. 从原文第二段“Huaping Senior High School for Girls, China’s first free senior high school for poor girls...”明确其特殊性；3. 从原文第三段“By 2025, the school had sent over 2,000 girls to universities.”提取成果；4. 从原文第四段“...I want to pass on her love and kindness.”提取毕业生意愿；5. 结合全文张桂梅的奉献、坚持等事迹，评价其品质并谈感悟。
【答案】1. At the age of 17/In 1974.
2. It's China's first free senior high school for poor girls.
3. It had sent over 2,000 girls to universities.
4. She wants to pass on Zhang Guimei's love and kindness.
5. She is a great, kind and hard-working teacher. From her, I learn that I should never give up when facing difficulties and try my best to help people in need.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、信息提取、主旨感悟
【点评】本题围绕张桂梅的事迹设置，考查学生快速定位原文细节、归纳总结及情感表达的能力，引导学生学习榜样的优秀品质，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.3