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(
—I know him. He highway much care for thirteen years.
A.serves
B.plans
C.spares
D.trains
A
)5.(2025·江苏连云港高新技术产业开发区一模)—I'm reading a piece of news about “Anhui Good People”，Zhu Ziqiao.—I know him. He highway much care for thirteen years.
A.serves
B.plans
C.spares
D.trains
答案
5. A 【点拨】serve 为……服务; plan 计划; spare 抽出,留出; train 训练。根据“highway much care for thirteen years”可知,此处指用心服务。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
这是一道情景语境下的动词辨析单选题，解题时首先通读整段对话，明确语境是介绍“安徽好人”朱自桥的奉献事迹，抓住核心线索：时间状语thirteen years（13年）、描述对象highway（公路），接下来逐一比对四个选项的动词含义，将含义代入句子验证逻辑是否通顺，排除不符合语境的选项，就能锁定正确答案。
【解析】
先梳理对话整体含义：
——我正在读一篇关于“安徽好人”朱自桥的新闻。
——我了解他，他十三年来悉心为公路岗位服务。
逐一辨析选项：
1. 选项A：serve含义为“为……服务”，代入句子完全符合人物多年坚守公路岗位奉献的好人事迹语境，逻辑通顺。
2. 选项B：plan含义为“计划”，代入后语义完全不通，不可能连续十三年一直围绕公路做计划，不符合语境。
3. 选项C：spare含义为“抽出、留出”，常用搭配为spare sth. for sb./sth.，此处语义和搭配都不符合要求。
4. 选项D：train含义为“训练”，代入句子后和人物事迹的描述完全不匹配。
综上排除BCD三个错误选项，确定答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】
动词词义辨析；语境选词
【点评】
本题结合正能量好人事迹的热点场景考察初中核心常见动词的词义辨析，没有设置复杂的语法陷阱，只要准确掌握四个选项动词的基础含义，结合语境代入验证就可以快速排除错误选项，同时题目也能引导学生关注身边的模范人物事迹。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一道情景语境下的动词辨析单选题，解题时首先通读整段对话，明确语境是介绍“安徽好人”朱自桥的奉献事迹，抓住核心线索：时间状语thirteen years（13年）、描述对象highway（公路），接下来逐一比对四个选项的动词含义，将含义代入句子验证逻辑是否通顺，排除不符合语境的选项，就能锁定正确答案。
【解析】
先梳理对话整体含义：
——我正在读一篇关于“安徽好人”朱自桥的新闻。
——我了解他，他十三年来悉心为公路岗位服务。
逐一辨析选项：
1. 选项A：serve含义为“为……服务”，代入句子完全符合人物多年坚守公路岗位奉献的好人事迹语境，逻辑通顺。
2. 选项B：plan含义为“计划”，代入后语义完全不通，不可能连续十三年一直围绕公路做计划，不符合语境。
3. 选项C：spare含义为“抽出、留出”，常用搭配为spare sth. for sb./sth.，此处语义和搭配都不符合要求。
4. 选项D：train含义为“训练”，代入句子后和人物事迹的描述完全不匹配。
综上排除BCD三个错误选项，确定答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】
动词词义辨析；语境选词
【点评】
本题结合正能量好人事迹的热点场景考察初中核心常见动词的词义辨析，没有设置复杂的语法陷阱，只要准确掌握四个选项动词的基础含义，结合语境代入验证就可以快速排除错误选项，同时题目也能引导学生关注身边的模范人物事迹。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、传统文化 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。(2024·四川遂宁)
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 1 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said，“Let's have 2 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow，the one who comes up 3 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner. ” Lu Ban 4 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 5 (build) pavilions(亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work.
The next morning，6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud，his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 7 (surprise). He found that the object，made of silk and bamboo，could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light，beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said，“You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better. ” So the umbrella 9 (invent).
Later，people began to use paper，which was 10 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof，people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.
1.
6.
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 1 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said，“Let's have 2 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow，the one who comes up 3 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner. ” Lu Ban 4 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 5 (build) pavilions(亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work.
The next morning，6 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud，his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 7 (surprise). He found that the object，made of silk and bamboo，could be opened and closed 8 (easy). It was light，beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said，“You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better. ” So the umbrella 9 (invent).
Later，people began to use paper，which was 10 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof，people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared.
1.
stories
2. a
3. with
4. thought
5. building
6.
when
7. surprised
8. easily
9. was invented
10. cheaper
答案
1. stories 2. a 3. with 4. thought 5. building 6. when 7. surprised 8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国油纸伞起源的语篇语法填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章整体是讲述古代鲁班造伞的传说，主体时态为一般过去时；第二步逐空结合前后提示分析考点：1. 看到空前different，立刻想到可数名词要变复数；2. 空后是可数名词competition单数，表泛指“一场比赛”，用不定冠词；3. 回忆和come up搭配的固定短语，对应“想出办法”的常用搭配；4. 句子描述过去发生的事，谓语动词要变过去式；5. 看到spend，回忆spend的固定用法spend time doing sth；6. 前后是两个完整句子，表“当……的时候”的时间逻辑，用时间状语从句引导词；7. 空在be动词后，修饰人的感受，用形容词化的过去分词；8. 空修饰动作，要把形容词变副词；9. 主语伞和发明是被动关系，结合过去时态用一般过去时的被动语态；10. 看到空后than，提示要用形容词的比较级。
【解析】
1. 空前有形容词different，意为“不同的”，后接可数名词复数，story的复数形式是stories，故填stories。
2. 此处表达“举办一场比赛”，competition是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，表泛指用不定冠词a，have a competition是固定搭配，故填a。
3. come up with是固定短语，意为“想出（主意、办法）”，符合语境，故填with。
4. 文章讲述古代的传说，整体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词think的过去式是thought，故填thought。
5. spend time doing sth是固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以build要变为动名词building，故填building。
6. 此处引导时间状语从句，表达“当鲁班正谈论自己的成就、十分骄傲的时候”，用引导词when，故填when。
7. 此处修饰人Lu Ban的感受，表达“感到惊讶的”，要用surprise的形容词形式surprised，故填surprised。
8. 此处修饰动词短语be opened and closed，要用副词形式，easy的副词是easily，意为“容易地”，故填easily。
9. 主语the umbrella和动词invent之间是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，结构为was+过去分词，故填was invented。
10. 空后有比较级的标志词than，意为“比”，所以形容词cheap要变为比较级cheaper，故填cheaper。
【答案】
1. stories 2. a 3. with 4. thought 5. building 6. when 7. surprised 8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper
【知识点】
固定搭配
词形变换
时态语态
【点评】
本题以中国传统油纸伞的起源传说为语篇载体，考点全部为初中英语核心基础语法点，既考察学生对冠词、连词的用法掌握，也考察常见固定搭配、动词变形、比较级和被动语态的应用，同时渗透传统文化知识，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍中国油纸伞起源的语篇语法填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，明确文章整体是讲述古代鲁班造伞的传说，主体时态为一般过去时；第二步逐空结合前后提示分析考点：1. 看到空前different，立刻想到可数名词要变复数；2. 空后是可数名词competition单数，表泛指“一场比赛”，用不定冠词；3. 回忆和come up搭配的固定短语，对应“想出办法”的常用搭配；4. 句子描述过去发生的事，谓语动词要变过去式；5. 看到spend，回忆spend的固定用法spend time doing sth；6. 前后是两个完整句子，表“当……的时候”的时间逻辑，用时间状语从句引导词；7. 空在be动词后，修饰人的感受，用形容词化的过去分词；8. 空修饰动作，要把形容词变副词；9. 主语伞和发明是被动关系，结合过去时态用一般过去时的被动语态；10. 看到空后than，提示要用形容词的比较级。
【解析】
1. 空前有形容词different，意为“不同的”，后接可数名词复数，story的复数形式是stories，故填stories。
2. 此处表达“举办一场比赛”，competition是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，表泛指用不定冠词a，have a competition是固定搭配，故填a。
3. come up with是固定短语，意为“想出（主意、办法）”，符合语境，故填with。
4. 文章讲述古代的传说，整体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词think的过去式是thought，故填thought。
5. spend time doing sth是固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以build要变为动名词building，故填building。
6. 此处引导时间状语从句，表达“当鲁班正谈论自己的成就、十分骄傲的时候”，用引导词when，故填when。
7. 此处修饰人Lu Ban的感受，表达“感到惊讶的”，要用surprise的形容词形式surprised，故填surprised。
8. 此处修饰动词短语be opened and closed，要用副词形式，easy的副词是easily，意为“容易地”，故填easily。
9. 主语the umbrella和动词invent之间是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，结构为was+过去分词，故填was invented。
10. 空后有比较级的标志词than，意为“比”，所以形容词cheap要变为比较级cheaper，故填cheaper。
【答案】
1. stories 2. a 3. with 4. thought 5. building 6. when 7. surprised 8. easily 9. was invented 10. cheaper
【知识点】
固定搭配
词形变换
时态语态
【点评】
本题以中国传统油纸伞的起源传说为语篇载体，考点全部为初中英语核心基础语法点，既考察学生对冠词、连词的用法掌握，也考察常见固定搭配、动词变形、比较级和被动语态的应用，同时渗透传统文化知识，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、传统文化 阅读理解。
Do you know the Lantern Festival? It is a traditional Chinese festival. When thousands of lanterns light up the city at night，the Chinese Lantern Festival is coming. It is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
Several days before the Lantern Festival，people begin to make lanterns. All kinds of lanterns shine in the sky against the dark night. Some of the lanterns are small，and others are really big. Some look like beautiful flowers and lovely animals.
The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns，silk lanterns and paper lanterns. While making lanterns，people usually write riddles on them. During the Lantern Festival，people go outside to have a look at the lanterns and guess the riddles on them. Usually，people can get a prize as long as they give the right answer. People together with their family walk happily in the crowded streets，looking at many kinds of amazing lanterns. While some people are enjoying the beautiful lanterns，others are watching traditional Chinese lion dance performances.
People prepare delicious sweet dumplings for their family and friends to enjoy in the evening. The sweet smell makes everyone hungry. Everything is very interesting and everyone is very happy.
(
A. People begin to make lanterns.
B. People guess the riddles.
C. People enjoy the beautiful lanterns.
D. People have delicious sweet dumplings.
(
A. Plastic lanterns.
B. Silk lanterns.
C. Paper lanterns.
D. Glass lanterns.
(
A. people can get a prize though they give the wrong answer
B. if people guess the riddle correctly，they can get a prize
C. people can get a prize unless they succeed in giving the right answer
D. people can get a prize before they give the right answer
(
A. Health.
B. Sports.
C. Culture.
D. Travel.
Do you know the Lantern Festival? It is a traditional Chinese festival. When thousands of lanterns light up the city at night，the Chinese Lantern Festival is coming. It is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
Several days before the Lantern Festival，people begin to make lanterns. All kinds of lanterns shine in the sky against the dark night. Some of the lanterns are small，and others are really big. Some look like beautiful flowers and lovely animals.
The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns，silk lanterns and paper lanterns. While making lanterns，people usually write riddles on them. During the Lantern Festival，people go outside to have a look at the lanterns and guess the riddles on them. Usually，people can get a prize as long as they give the right answer. People together with their family walk happily in the crowded streets，looking at many kinds of amazing lanterns. While some people are enjoying the beautiful lanterns，others are watching traditional Chinese lion dance performances.
People prepare delicious sweet dumplings for their family and friends to enjoy in the evening. The sweet smell makes everyone hungry. Everything is very interesting and everyone is very happy.
(
A
)1. What do people do before the Lantern Festival?A. People begin to make lanterns.
B. People guess the riddles.
C. People enjoy the beautiful lanterns.
D. People have delicious sweet dumplings.
(
D
)2. Which kind of the following lanterns is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Plastic lanterns.
B. Silk lanterns.
C. Paper lanterns.
D. Glass lanterns.
(
B
)3. The underlined sentence in the passage probably means that .A. people can get a prize though they give the wrong answer
B. if people guess the riddle correctly，they can get a prize
C. people can get a prize unless they succeed in giving the right answer
D. people can get a prize before they give the right answer
(
C
)4. In which part of a magazine can you read the passage?A. Health.
B. Sports.
C. Culture.
D. Travel.
答案
1. A 【点拨】根据“Several days before the Lantern Festival, people begin to make lanterns.”可知在元宵节的前几天人们开始制作灯笼。故选 A。
2. D 【点拨】根据“The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns, silk lanterns and paper lanterns.”可知文章中提到了塑料灯笼、丝绸灯笼和纸灯笼。故选 D。
3. B 【点拨】“people can get a prize as long as they give the right answer”中 as long as 为“只要”之意,可猜测其同义句为条件状语从句,而“give the right answer”与“guess the riddle correctly”同义,所以选项 B“如果人们正确地猜出灯谜,他们能得到一个奖励”符合语境。故选 B。
4. C 【点拨】根据全文可知文章介绍了我国的传统节日,属于我们文化的一部分。故选 C。
2. D 【点拨】根据“The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns, silk lanterns and paper lanterns.”可知文章中提到了塑料灯笼、丝绸灯笼和纸灯笼。故选 D。
3. B 【点拨】“people can get a prize as long as they give the right answer”中 as long as 为“只要”之意,可猜测其同义句为条件状语从句,而“give the right answer”与“guess the riddle correctly”同义,所以选项 B“如果人们正确地猜出灯谜,他们能得到一个奖励”符合语境。故选 B。
4. C 【点拨】根据全文可知文章介绍了我国的传统节日,属于我们文化的一部分。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国元宵节的传统文化类阅读理解题，解题时可以按照以下思路进行：1. 先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍元宵节的时间、相关习俗等内容；2. 针对每一道小题，提取题干中的关键信息，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，比对选项和原文内容的匹配度，排除错误选项得到正确答案；3. 句意猜测类题目要结合上下文语境，拆解划线句的核心短语含义，匹配同义表述；4. 文章出处类题目要结合全文主题所属的领域判断分类。
【解析】
1. 提取题干关键词"before the Lantern Festival"，回到原文第二段第一句"Several days before the Lantern Festival，people begin to make lanterns."，可知元宵节前人们的活动是开始制作灯笼，猜灯谜、赏灯、吃汤圆都是元宵节期间的活动，不符合题干要求，因此选A。
2. 提取题干关键词"kind of lanterns"，回到原文第三段第一、二句"The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns，silk lanterns and paper lanterns."，可知文中提到了塑料灯笼、丝绸灯笼、纸灯笼，没有提及玻璃灯笼，因此选D。
3. 划线句中核心短语"as long as"含义为"只要"，"give the right answer"含义为"给出正确答案"，整句意思是只要人们给出正确答案就能获得奖品，对应选项B"如果人们正确猜出灯谜，就可以获得奖品"，其余选项含义均和原句不符，因此选B。
4. 全文围绕中国传统节日元宵节展开介绍，属于文化类内容，不属于健康、运动、旅行板块，因此选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找；传统节日文化；句意猜测
【点评】
本题属于传统文化主题的基础阅读理解，题目设置以细节理解题为主，难度较低，既考察学生快速定位原文信息、比对选项的阅读能力，也能让学生进一步了解元宵节的相关传统习俗，渗透了中国文化的相关知识，引导学生关注本土传统文化。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍中国元宵节的传统文化类阅读理解题，解题时可以按照以下思路进行：1. 先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍元宵节的时间、相关习俗等内容；2. 针对每一道小题，提取题干中的关键信息，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，比对选项和原文内容的匹配度，排除错误选项得到正确答案；3. 句意猜测类题目要结合上下文语境，拆解划线句的核心短语含义，匹配同义表述；4. 文章出处类题目要结合全文主题所属的领域判断分类。
【解析】
1. 提取题干关键词"before the Lantern Festival"，回到原文第二段第一句"Several days before the Lantern Festival，people begin to make lanterns."，可知元宵节前人们的活动是开始制作灯笼，猜灯谜、赏灯、吃汤圆都是元宵节期间的活动，不符合题干要求，因此选A。
2. 提取题干关键词"kind of lanterns"，回到原文第三段第一、二句"The lanterns are made of different materials. There are plastic lanterns，silk lanterns and paper lanterns."，可知文中提到了塑料灯笼、丝绸灯笼、纸灯笼，没有提及玻璃灯笼，因此选D。
3. 划线句中核心短语"as long as"含义为"只要"，"give the right answer"含义为"给出正确答案"，整句意思是只要人们给出正确答案就能获得奖品，对应选项B"如果人们正确猜出灯谜，就可以获得奖品"，其余选项含义均和原句不符，因此选B。
4. 全文围绕中国传统节日元宵节展开介绍，属于文化类内容，不属于健康、运动、旅行板块，因此选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找；传统节日文化；句意猜测
【点评】
本题属于传统文化主题的基础阅读理解，题目设置以细节理解题为主，难度较低，既考察学生快速定位原文信息、比对选项的阅读能力，也能让学生进一步了解元宵节的相关传统习俗，渗透了中国文化的相关知识，引导学生关注本土传统文化。
【难度系数】
0.8
