1.「2026山东泰安泰山月考」一个多项式加上$x^2y - 3xy^2$得$2x^2y - xy^2$,则这个多项式是(
A.$3x^2y - 4xy^2$
B.$x^2y - 4xy^2$
C.$x^2y + 2xy^2$
D.$-x^2y - 2xy^2$
C
)A.$3x^2y - 4xy^2$
B.$x^2y - 4xy^2$
C.$x^2y + 2xy^2$
D.$-x^2y - 2xy^2$
答案
$(2x^2y-xy^2)-(x^2y-3xy^2)$
$= 2x^2y-xy^2-x^2y+3xy^2$
$=x^2y+2xy^2.$
故选 C.
$= 2x^2y-xy^2-x^2y+3xy^2$
$=x^2y+2xy^2.$
故选 C.
鲁教版
2.「2026 山东淄博博山期末」已知 $a+b=5, c+d=3$, 则 $(b-c)-(d-a)=$
2.「2026 山东淄博博山期末」已知 $a+b=5, c+d=3$, 则 $(b-c)-(d-a)=$
2
.答案
$\because a+b=5,c+d=3,$
$\therefore (b-c)-(d-a)$
$= b-c-d+a$
$=(a+b)-(c+d)$
$= 5-3$
$=2,$
故答案为 2.
$\therefore (b-c)-(d-a)$
$= b-c-d+a$
$=(a+b)-(c+d)$
$= 5-3$
$=2,$
故答案为 2.
3.「2026山东聊城冠县期中」化简:
(1) $3(2x^2 - xy^2) - (4x^2y - 3xy^2)$.
(2) $4m^2n + (3mn^2 - m^2n) - 5(mn^2 - 2m^2n)$.
(1) $3(2x^2 - xy^2) - (4x^2y - 3xy^2)$.
(2) $4m^2n + (3mn^2 - m^2n) - 5(mn^2 - 2m^2n)$.
答案
(1) 原式$=6x^2-3xy^2-4x^2y+3xy^2$
$=6x^2-4x^2y.$
(2) 原式$=4m^2n+3mn^2-m^2n-5mn^2+10m^2n$
$=13m^2n-2mn^2.$
$=6x^2-4x^2y.$
(2) 原式$=4m^2n+3mn^2-m^2n-5mn^2+10m^2n$
$=13m^2n-2mn^2.$
4. 学科特色教材变式 当$a=1,b=-1$时,代数式$a+2b+2(a+2b)+1$的值为(
A.3
B.1
C.0
D.-2
D
)A.3
B.1
C.0
D.-2
答案
$a+2b+2(a+2b)+1=a+2b+2a+4b+1=3a+6b+1,$
当$a=1,b=-1$时,
原式$=3×1+6×(-1)+1=3+(-6)+1=-2.$
故选 D.
当$a=1,b=-1$时,
原式$=3×1+6×(-1)+1=3+(-6)+1=-2.$
故选 D.
5.已知$x-3y=4$,那么代数式$x-3y-3(y-x)-2(x-3)$的值为(
A.12
B.13
C.14
D.16
C
)A.12
B.13
C.14
D.16
答案
$x-3y-3(y-x)-2(x-3)=x-3y-3y+3x-2x+6=2x-6y+6,$因为$x-3y=4$,所以原式$=2(x-3y)+6=2×4+6=8+6=14.$故选 C.
6.当$a=-\dfrac{2}{3}$时,代数式$2a^3-(6a+5a^2)-2(a^3-2a)$的值为
$-\dfrac{8}{9}$
.答案
$2a^3-(6a+5a^2)-2(a^3-2a)=2a^3-6a-5a^2-2a^3+4a=2a^3-2a^3-5a^2+4a-6a=-5a^2-2a,$当$a=-\dfrac{2}{3}$时,原式$=-5×(-\dfrac{2}{3})^2 -2×(-\dfrac{2}{3})=-5×\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{4}{3}=-\dfrac{8}{9}.$
7.「2026山东济南月考」先化简,再求值:$2(3a^2b - ab^2) - 3(-ab^2 + 2a^2b)$,其中$a=2,b=-3$.
答案
原式$=6a^2b-2ab^2+3ab^2-6a^2b=ab^2,$
当$a=2,b=-3$时,
原式$=2×(-3)^2=2×9=18.$
当$a=2,b=-3$时,
原式$=2×(-3)^2=2×9=18.$
8.「2026山东聊城月考,★☆」有一道题是一个多项式减$x^2+1$,小强误当成加$x^2+1$计算,结果得到$x^2+14x-6$,则正确的结果应该是(
A.$14x-7$
B.$x^2+14x-6$
C.$-x^2+14x-8$
D.$-x^2+14x-6$
C
)A.$14x-7$
B.$x^2+14x-6$
C.$-x^2+14x-8$
D.$-x^2+14x-6$
答案
$(x^2+14x-6)-(x^2+1)=14x-7,$
$(14x-7)-(x^2+1)=-x^2+14x-8,$
$\therefore$ 正确的结果应该是$-x^2+14x-8.$故选 C.
$(14x-7)-(x^2+1)=-x^2+14x-8,$
$\therefore$ 正确的结果应该是$-x^2+14x-8.$故选 C.
9.「2026山东济宁月考,★☆」若关于$a,b$的多项式$3(a^2 - 2ab + b^2) - (2a^2 - mab + 2b^2)$的化简结果中不含$ab$项,则$m$的值为(
A.3
B.4
C.5
D.6
D
)A.3
B.4
C.5
D.6
答案
原式$=3a^2-6ab+3b^2-2a^2+mab-2b^2$
$=a^2+(m-6)ab+b^2,$
$\because$ 原多项式的化简结果中不含$ab$项,
$\therefore m-6=0,\therefore m=6,$
$\therefore m$ 的值为 6.
故选 D.
$=a^2+(m-6)ab+b^2,$
$\because$ 原多项式的化简结果中不含$ab$项,
$\therefore m-6=0,\therefore m=6,$
$\therefore m$ 的值为 6.
故选 D.
10. 学科特色 分类讨论思想 「★☆」已知两个整式的差是$c^2d^2 - a^2b^2$,其中一个整式是$a^2b^2 + c^2d^2 - 2abcd$,则另一个整式是
$2c^2d^2-2abcd$ 或 $2a^2b^2-2abcd$
。答案
当$a^2b^2+c^2d^2-2abcd$是减数时,另一个整式是$a^2b^2+c^2d^2-2abcd+c^2d^2-a^2b^2=2c^2d^2-2abcd$;当$a^2b^2+c^2d^2-2abcd$是被减数时,另一个整式是$a^2b^2+c^2d^2-2abcd-(c^2d^2-a^2b^2)=2a^2b^2-2abcd.$故答案为 $2c^2d^2-2abcd$ 或 $2a^2b^2-2abcd.$
11.「2025山东德州禹城期中,★☆」计算:
(1) $-3(2a^2b - ab^2) - 2(\dfrac{1}{2}ab^2 - 2a^2b)$
(2) $4xy^2 - \dfrac{1}{2}(x^3y + 4xy^2) - 2[\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y - (x^2y - xy^2)]$
(1) $-3(2a^2b - ab^2) - 2(\dfrac{1}{2}ab^2 - 2a^2b)$
(2) $4xy^2 - \dfrac{1}{2}(x^3y + 4xy^2) - 2[\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y - (x^2y - xy^2)]$
答案
(1) $-3(2a^2b-ab^2)-2(\dfrac{1}{2}ab^2-2a^2b)$
$=-6a^2b+3ab^2-ab^2+4a^2b$
$=-2a^2b+2ab^2.$
(2) $4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}(x^3y+4xy^2)-2[\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y-(x^2y-xy^2)]$
$= 4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y-2xy^2-2(\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y-x^2y+xy^2)$
$= 4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y-2xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y+2x^2y-2xy^2$
$=-x^3y+2x^2y.$
$=-6a^2b+3ab^2-ab^2+4a^2b$
$=-2a^2b+2ab^2.$
(2) $4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}(x^3y+4xy^2)-2[\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y-(x^2y-xy^2)]$
$= 4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y-2xy^2-2(\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y-x^2y+xy^2)$
$= 4xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y-2xy^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x^3y+2x^2y-2xy^2$
$=-x^3y+2x^2y.$
12.「2026山东威海荣成期末,★☆」
(1)先化简,再求值:$3(x^2-\frac{1}{3}y)-2(2x^2+y)$,其中$x=-3,y=1$.
(2)已知$A=2x^2-3x+1,B=-3x^2+5x-7$,化简$2A-3B$.
(1)先化简,再求值:$3(x^2-\frac{1}{3}y)-2(2x^2+y)$,其中$x=-3,y=1$.
(2)已知$A=2x^2-3x+1,B=-3x^2+5x-7$,化简$2A-3B$.
答案
(1) 原式$=3x^2-y-4x^2-2y$
$=-x^2-3y,$当$x=-3,y=1$时,
原式$=-(-3)^2-3×1=-9-3=-12.$
(2) $\because A=2x^2-3x+1,B=-3x^2+5x-7,$
$\therefore 2A-3B=2(2x^2-3x+1)-3(-3x^2+5x-7)=4x^2-6x+2+9x^2-15x+21=13x^2-21x+23.$
$=-x^2-3y,$当$x=-3,y=1$时,
原式$=-(-3)^2-3×1=-9-3=-12.$
(2) $\because A=2x^2-3x+1,B=-3x^2+5x-7,$
$\therefore 2A-3B=2(2x^2-3x+1)-3(-3x^2+5x-7)=4x^2-6x+2+9x^2-15x+21=13x^2-21x+23.$
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