1.(2025·常州模拟)方程$x^2 - 2x = 0$的根是(
A.$x_1=x_2=0$
B.$x_1=x_2=2$
C.$x_1=0,x_2=2$
D.$x_1=0,x_2=-2$
C
)A.$x_1=x_2=0$
B.$x_1=x_2=2$
C.$x_1=0,x_2=2$
D.$x_1=0,x_2=-2$
答案
1.C
2.(2025·姜堰区期末)一元二次方程$(x-1)(x+2)=0$的两根是(
A.$x_1=-1,x_2=2$
B.$x_1=1,x_2=2$
C.$x_1=1,x_2=-2$
D.$x_1=-1,x_2=-2$
C
)A.$x_1=-1,x_2=2$
B.$x_1=1,x_2=2$
C.$x_1=1,x_2=-2$
D.$x_1=-1,x_2=-2$
答案
2.C
3.若分式$\frac{x^2 -5x -6}{x+1}$的值为0,则$x=$
6
答案
3.6
4.菱形的一条对角线长为8,其边长是方程$x^2 -9x +20=0$的一个根,则该菱形的周长为
20
.答案
4.20
5. 用因式分解法解下列方程:
(1)(2025·通州期末)$x^2 + 4x = 0$;
(2)(2025·门头沟区期末)$x^2 + 2x - 3 = 0$;
(3)(2025·齐齐哈尔)$x^2 -7x = -12$;
(4)(2025·燕山区期末)$x(x-2)+x-2=0$。
(1)(2025·通州期末)$x^2 + 4x = 0$;
(2)(2025·门头沟区期末)$x^2 + 2x - 3 = 0$;
(3)(2025·齐齐哈尔)$x^2 -7x = -12$;
(4)(2025·燕山区期末)$x(x-2)+x-2=0$。
答案
5.解:(1)$x^2 + 4x = 0$,$x(x+4)=0$,$\therefore x_1=0$,$x_2=-4$.
(2)$x^2 + 2x - 3 = 0$,
$\therefore (x+3)(x-1)=0$,
$\therefore x+3=0$或$x-1=0$,$\therefore x_1=-3$,$x_2=1$.
(3)整理,得$x^2 -7x +12 = 0$,
$\therefore (x-4)(x-3)=0$,
$\therefore x-4=0$或$x-3=0$,
$\therefore x_1=4$,$x_2=3$.
(4)$x(x-2)+x-2=0$,$(x-2)(x+1)=0$,
$\therefore x-2=0$或$x+1=0$,$\therefore x_1=2$,$x_2=-1$.
(2)$x^2 + 2x - 3 = 0$,
$\therefore (x+3)(x-1)=0$,
$\therefore x+3=0$或$x-1=0$,$\therefore x_1=-3$,$x_2=1$.
(3)整理,得$x^2 -7x +12 = 0$,
$\therefore (x-4)(x-3)=0$,
$\therefore x-4=0$或$x-3=0$,
$\therefore x_1=4$,$x_2=3$.
(4)$x(x-2)+x-2=0$,$(x-2)(x+1)=0$,
$\therefore x-2=0$或$x+1=0$,$\therefore x_1=2$,$x_2=-1$.
6.(2025·南平期末)已知一元二次方程的两根是$x_1=-2,x_2=3$,则这个方程可以是 (
A.$(x-2)(x+3)=0$
B.$(x+2)(x+3)=0$
C.$(x+2)(x-3)=0$
D.$(x-2)(x-3)=0$
C
)A.$(x-2)(x+3)=0$
B.$(x+2)(x+3)=0$
C.$(x+2)(x-3)=0$
D.$(x-2)(x-3)=0$
答案
6.C
7.(2025·濉溪期末)若$(a+5b)(a+5b+6)=7$,则$a+5b=$
1或-7
.答案
7.1或-7
8. (2025·福田区期末)已知$y^2 - x = 0$,$x^2 + 2y^2 - x - 6 = 0$,则x的值为
2
。答案
8.2
9. 已知$y≠0$,且$x^2 - 3xy - 4y^2 = 0$,则$\frac{x}{y}$的值是
4或-1
。答案
9.4或-1
10.用适当的方法解下列方程:
(1)(2025·海门期末)$3x(2x+1)=4x+2$;
(2)(2025·淮北期末)$3(x-2)^2=x(x-2)$;
(3)(2025·广水月考)$(x-2)^2 -4(x-2)-5=0$;
(4)(2025·汶上期末)$(3x-1)(x-1)=(4x+1)(x-1)$。
(1)(2025·海门期末)$3x(2x+1)=4x+2$;
(2)(2025·淮北期末)$3(x-2)^2=x(x-2)$;
(3)(2025·广水月考)$(x-2)^2 -4(x-2)-5=0$;
(4)(2025·汶上期末)$(3x-1)(x-1)=(4x+1)(x-1)$。
答案
10.解:(1)$3x(2x+1)-2(2x+1)=0$,
$(2x+1)(3x-2)=0$,$\therefore 2x+1=0$或$3x-2=0$,
$\therefore x_1=-\frac{1}{2}$,$x_2=\frac{2}{3}$.
(2)$3(x-2)^2 -x(x-2)=0$,
$(x-2)[3(x-2)-x]=0$,
$(x-2)(2x-6)=0$,
$\therefore x-2=0$或$2x-6=0$,
$\therefore x_1=2$,$x_2=3$.
(3)$(x-2)^2 -4(x-2)-5=0$,
$(x-2+1)(x-2-5)=0$,
$(x-1)(x-7)=0$,
$\therefore x-1=0$或$x-7=0$,
$\therefore x_1=1$,$x_2=7$.
(4)$(3x-1)(x-1)=(4x+1)(x-1)$,
$(3x-1)(x-1)-(4x+1)(x-1)=0$,
$(x-1)(3x-1-4x-1)=0$,
$(x-1)(-x-2)=0$,
$\therefore x-1=0$或$-x-2=0$,
$\therefore x_1=1$,$x_2=-2$.
$(2x+1)(3x-2)=0$,$\therefore 2x+1=0$或$3x-2=0$,
$\therefore x_1=-\frac{1}{2}$,$x_2=\frac{2}{3}$.
(2)$3(x-2)^2 -x(x-2)=0$,
$(x-2)[3(x-2)-x]=0$,
$(x-2)(2x-6)=0$,
$\therefore x-2=0$或$2x-6=0$,
$\therefore x_1=2$,$x_2=3$.
(3)$(x-2)^2 -4(x-2)-5=0$,
$(x-2+1)(x-2-5)=0$,
$(x-1)(x-7)=0$,
$\therefore x-1=0$或$x-7=0$,
$\therefore x_1=1$,$x_2=7$.
(4)$(3x-1)(x-1)=(4x+1)(x-1)$,
$(3x-1)(x-1)-(4x+1)(x-1)=0$,
$(x-1)(3x-1-4x-1)=0$,
$(x-1)(-x-2)=0$,
$\therefore x-1=0$或$-x-2=0$,
$\therefore x_1=1$,$x_2=-2$.
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