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五、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每个小题的四个选项中，选出能回答所给问题或完成句子的最佳答案。
Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? This is called the “doorway effect”. Scientists have found that passing through a door makes your brain “reset” and forget what you were just thinking about.
Our memory works in different ways. Short-term memory holds information for about 15 to 30 seconds. For example, you use it to remember a phone number while you dial it. Long-term memory can store information for years or even a lifetime. To move information from short-term to long-term memory, you need to pay attention and review it.
Interestingly, your brain is better at remembering pictures than words. That's why using images or mind maps can help you learn faster. Also, emotions play a big role. If something makes you happy, sad, or scared, you are more likely to remember it.
So, next time you forget something, don't worry. It's just your brain working the way it should. You can train your memory by practicing, staying healthy, and using smart techniques.
1. What is the “doorway effect”?
A. A way to improve memory.
B. Forgetting things after passing through a door.
C. A type of long-term memory.
D. A brain disease.
2. How long does short-term memory usu-ally last?
A. A few seconds.
B. About 15 to 30 seconds.
C. Several hours.
D. A lifetime.
3. Which of the following can help move in-formation into long-term memory?
A. Ignoring details.
B. Paying attention and reviewing.
C. Sleeping less.
D. Eating quickly.
4. According to the passage, your brain re-members best.
A. numbers
B. words
C. sounds
D. pictures
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Memory is a gift that cannot be changed.
B. The doorway effect is harmful to our brain.
C. We can understand and improve our memory.
D. Pictures are useless for learning.
阅读短文，从每个小题的四个选项中，选出能回答所给问题或完成句子的最佳答案。
Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? This is called the “doorway effect”. Scientists have found that passing through a door makes your brain “reset” and forget what you were just thinking about.
Our memory works in different ways. Short-term memory holds information for about 15 to 30 seconds. For example, you use it to remember a phone number while you dial it. Long-term memory can store information for years or even a lifetime. To move information from short-term to long-term memory, you need to pay attention and review it.
Interestingly, your brain is better at remembering pictures than words. That's why using images or mind maps can help you learn faster. Also, emotions play a big role. If something makes you happy, sad, or scared, you are more likely to remember it.
So, next time you forget something, don't worry. It's just your brain working the way it should. You can train your memory by practicing, staying healthy, and using smart techniques.
1. What is the “doorway effect”?
A. A way to improve memory.
B. Forgetting things after passing through a door.
C. A type of long-term memory.
D. A brain disease.
2. How long does short-term memory usu-ally last?
A. A few seconds.
B. About 15 to 30 seconds.
C. Several hours.
D. A lifetime.
3. Which of the following can help move in-formation into long-term memory?
A. Ignoring details.
B. Paying attention and reviewing.
C. Sleeping less.
D. Eating quickly.
4. According to the passage, your brain re-members best.
A. numbers
B. words
C. sounds
D. pictures
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Memory is a gift that cannot be changed.
B. The doorway effect is harmful to our brain.
C. We can understand and improve our memory.
D. Pictures are useless for learning.
答案
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，解题思路是先通读短文把握核心内容，再针对每个小题的关键词回文定位，找到原文对应信息后逐一匹配选项，排除错误选项得出正确答案。具体来说，第1题需定位“doorway effect”的定义，第2题找短期记忆的时长，第3题找短期记忆转长期记忆的方法，第4题找大脑记忆的优势对象，第5题归纳全文主旨。
【解析】1. 根据第一段“Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? This is called the “doorway effect”.”可知，doorway effect是经过门后忘记事情，对应选项B；2. 根据第二段“Short-term memory holds information for about 15 to 30 seconds.”可知短期记忆时长约15-30秒，选B；3. 根据第二段“To move information from short-term to long-term memory, you need to pay attention and review it.”可知需注意和复习，选B；4. 根据第三段“your brain is better at remembering pictures than words.”可知大脑最擅长记图片，选D；5. 全文介绍了记忆的类型、影响记忆的因素及提升记忆的方法，主旨是理解并改善记忆，选C。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解的细节查找和主旨归纳能力，题目设置基础，均为原文直接对应或简单归纳的内容，只要学生认真阅读短文即可正确作答，适合巩固英语阅读基础。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 根据第一段“Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? This is called the “doorway effect”.”可知，doorway effect是经过门后忘记事情，对应选项B；2. 根据第二段“Short-term memory holds information for about 15 to 30 seconds.”可知短期记忆时长约15-30秒，选B；3. 根据第二段“To move information from short-term to long-term memory, you need to pay attention and review it.”可知需注意和复习，选B；4. 根据第三段“your brain is better at remembering pictures than words.”可知大脑最擅长记图片，选D；5. 全文介绍了记忆的类型、影响记忆的因素及提升记忆的方法，主旨是理解并改善记忆，选C。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解的细节查找和主旨归纳能力，题目设置基础，均为原文直接对应或简单归纳的内容，只要学生认真阅读短文即可正确作答，适合巩固英语阅读基础。
【难度系数】0.7
