2026年期末直通车八年级英语下册外研版第61页答案
一、词汇运用
A. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。(2025·奉化、象山、宁海)
advise base voluntary strength make every effort
Last summer, I joined a 1.
voluntary
summer camp with my classmates. Our teacher encouraged us to 2.
make every effort
and help others during the trip.
On the first day, we learned how to camp safely. The instructor 3.
advised
us to work as a team. We set up tents on a flat 4.
base
and collected firewood together. Though it was tiring, we encouraged each other and discovered our 5.
strengths
and weaknesses.

答案

1. voluntary 2. make every effort 3. advised 4. base 5. strengths

解析

【分析】
首先通读短文,理解短文讲述的去年夏天参加夏令营的经历,结合每个空的语境、语法要求,从方框所给词汇中选择合适的词并调整形式:
1. 空后是名词短语summer camp,需形容词修饰,选voluntary(志愿的);
2. 结合encourage sb to do sth的固定搭配,选短语make every effort(尽一切努力);
3. 全文为过去时态,结合advise sb to do sth的搭配,用advise的过去式advised;
4. 空前是形容词flat,需名词,选base(基地),flat base指平坦的营地;
5. 空后是weaknesses(弱点,复数),对应选strength的复数形式strengths(优点),构成固定搭配strengths and weaknesses(优缺点)。
【解析】
1. 修饰名词短语summer camp需形容词,方框中voluntary为形容词,意为“志愿的”,符合夏令营的语境,故填voluntary;
2. 固定搭配encourage sb to do sth要求填动词原形,方框中make every effort为动词短语,意为“尽一切努力”,符合老师鼓励学生的语境,故填make every effort;
3. 全文为一般过去时,方框中advise的过去式为advised,固定搭配advise sb to do sth意为“建议某人做某事”,符合教练提建议的语境,故填advised;
4. 空前形容词flat需修饰名词,方框中base为名词,意为“基地”,flat base指平坦的营地,符合搭帐篷的场景,故填base;
5. 由空后weaknesses(弱点,复数)可知需对应名词复数,方框中strength的复数形式为strengths,strengths and weaknesses为固定搭配,意为“优缺点”,符合语境,故填strengths。
【答案】
1. voluntary 2. make every effort 3. advised 4. base 5. strengths
【知识点】
词汇运用、形容词修饰名词、动词过去式
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的适当形式运用,需结合上下文语境、固定搭配及时态等语法知识选择并调整词汇形式,是初中英语基础题型,注重词汇的实际运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
B. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式,每空限填一词。(2025·余姚)
Being a good leader is not easy. As 6.
captain
(队长)of our school basketball team, I learned that 7.
teamwork
(配合)is the key to success. At first, I was very 8.
shy
(羞怯的)and lacked confidence. I found it 9.
painful
(令人痛苦的)to speak in front of my teammates, and there were long moments of 10.
silence
(沉默)during meetings.
One day, my coach gave me some advice. He told me that a true leader should listen to others and help them overcome their 11.
weaknesses
(弱点). So, I decided to change. Before making decisions, I asked my teammates to 12.
vote
(表决). This made everyone feel valued.
Slowly, I became more confident. I realised that a leader's 13.
role
(角色)is not to control but to support the team.
This experience taught me that 14.
leadership
(领导才能)is about trust and cooperation. Even if you are not brave enough, you can still be a great leader with the right 15.
attitude
(态度)!

答案

6. captain 7. teamwork 8. shy 9. painful 10. silence 11. weaknesses 12. vote 13. role 14. leadership 15. attitude

解析

【分析】
本题为根据短文内容及中文提示填写单词的题型,解题思路为:先通读短文理解整体语境,再结合括号内的中文提示,依据句子的语法结构(如词性、单复数、固定搭配等)确定单词的正确形式,且需满足每空限填一词的要求。
【解析】
6. 中文提示“队长”对应英文单词captain,此处指学校篮球队的队长,用单数形式,故填captain;
7. 中文提示“配合”对应不可数名词teamwork,在从句中作主语,故填teamwork;
8. 中文提示“羞怯的”对应形容词shy,在句中作表语,符合语境,故填shy;
9. 中文提示“令人痛苦的”对应形容词painful,此处为find it + adj. to do sth结构(it作形式宾语),故填painful;
10. 中文提示“沉默”对应名词silence,介词of后需接名词,故填silence;
11. 中文提示“弱点”对应名词weakness,此处指他人的多个弱点,用复数形式weaknesses,故填weaknesses;
12. 中文提示“表决”对应动词vote,固定搭配ask sb to do sth要求用动词原形,故填vote;
13. 中文提示“角色”对应名词role,leader's为名词所有格,后接名词,故填role;
14. 中文提示“领导才能”对应不可数名词leadership,在句中作主语,故填leadership;
15. 中文提示“态度”对应名词attitude,形容词right后接名词,故填attitude。
【答案】
6. captain 7. teamwork 8. shy 9. painful 10. silence 11. weaknesses 12. vote 13. role 14. leadership 15. attitude
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词的单复数、形容词的用法
【点评】
本题为基础语境型词汇填空题,考查核心基础词汇的识记与语境运用,难度较低,学生只要掌握常见词汇并结合语法结构分析即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8