2026年学霸题中题八年级英语上册译林版第197页答案
1. Draw a mind map of the information you get when you go over your lessons.
D
, you won't forget any of it easily.

A.However
B.Anyway
C.Otherwise
D.Therefore

答案

1.D 解析:考查副词辨析。However意为“然而”;Anyway意为“无论如何”;Otherwise意为“否则”;Therefore意为“因此”。根据“Draw a mind map of the information you get when you go over your lessons”和“you won't forget any of it easily”可知,这是因果关系。故选D。

解析

【分析】首先通读句子,明确前后两部分的逻辑关系:前半句是提出的复习方法(复习时画思维导图),后半句是该方法带来的结果(不会轻易忘记内容),需选择表因果关系的副词。接着逐一分析选项词义,排除不符合逻辑的选项,确定正确答案。
【解析】本题考查副词辨析。A选项However意为“然而”,表转折;B选项Anyway意为“无论如何”,表让步;C选项Otherwise意为“否则”,表假设的结果;D选项Therefore意为“因此”,表因果。句意为“复习时把你学到的信息画成思维导图,________,你不会轻易忘记任何内容”,前后为因果关系,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】副词辨析,句子逻辑关系
【点评】本题为英语基础词汇运用题,核心考查副词词义辨析,解题关键在于准确判断句子间的逻辑关系,难度适中,属于学生需掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.4
2. —Do your pets
include
the white cat, Carl?
—Yes. I have three pet cats,
including
this one.

A.include; include
B.including; included
C.including; include
D.include; including

答案

2.D 解析:考查include和including的用法。include是动词,including是介词。根据“Do your pets ... the white cat, Carl?”可知,第一空需要动词作谓语,用include;第二空是介词短语作状语,用including。故选D。

解析

【分析】首先明确include是动词,可在句中作谓语;including是介词,不能作谓语,通常在句中作补充说明的成分。第一空所在句子是一般疑问句,结构为“Do + 主语 + 动词原形”,需要动词作谓语,因此选include;第二空所在句子已有谓语动词have,此处需要介词引出补充内容,因此选including,据此确定正确选项。
【解析】第一空:一般疑问句中助动词Do后需接动词原形作谓语,include为动词,符合要求;第二空:句子已有谓语动词have,需用介词补充说明“这只猫”属于三只宠物猫中的一员,including为介词,符合语境。因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词include用法;介词including用法
【点评】本题考查易混词的词性与句子成分的匹配,需结合句子结构判断所需词性,属于基础词汇用法题。
【难度系数】0.7
3. "My friend bought me a nice notebook." The structure of the sentence is
A
.

A.S+V+O+O
B.S+V+O+C
C.S+V+O
D.S+V+P

答案

3.A 解析:考查句子结构分析。S+V+O+O主+谓+宾+宾;S+V+O+C主+谓+宾+补;S+V+O主+谓+宾;S+V+P主+系+表。根据“My friend bought me a nice notebook”中,主语(S)是“My friend”,谓语动词(V)是“bought”,间接宾语(O)是“me”,直接宾语(O)是“a nice notebook”,属于“主+谓+宾+宾”的结构,即S+V+O+O。故选A。

解析

【分析】要判断该句的结构,需先拆分句子成分:确定主语、谓语,再分析宾语的数量和类型。该句中,主语是My friend,谓语是bought,动词后接了两个宾语,me是间接宾语,a nice notebook是直接宾语,属于双宾语结构,对应选项中的S+V+O+O,据此选择答案。
【解析】先拆分句子成分:主语(S)为My friend,谓语(V)为实义动词bought;bought后接两个宾语,me是间接宾语(指人),a nice notebook是直接宾语(指物),符合“主+谓+双宾语”即S+V+O+O的结构,对应选项A。
【答案】A
【知识点】英语句子结构;双宾语结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基本结构,属于基础语法考点,需掌握双宾语结构的判定方法(动词后接指人和物的两个宾语),是英语学习中需掌握的核心基础内容。
【难度系数】0.4
4. Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “We found the beds very comfortable.”?

A.The boy built his little brother a big tent.
B.The sun was shining brightly.
C.Sandy is watching her father work.
D.His voice sounded strange.

答案

4.C 解析:考查句子结构。“We found the beds very comfortable.”中We是主语,found是谓语,the beds是宾语,very comfortable是宾语补足语,结构为S+V+O+C。C选项与之结构一致。故选C。

解析

【分析】首先明确原句“We found the beds very comfortable.”的句子成分结构:主语(We)+谓语(found)+宾语(the beds)+宾语补足语(very comfortable,补充说明宾语的状态),即S+V+O+C结构。接下来逐一分析各选项的句子结构,找出与原句结构一致的选项。
【解析】1. 原句结构分析:We(主语S)+found(谓语V)+the beds(宾语O)+very comfortable(宾语补足语C,补充宾语属性),结构为S+V+O+C。2. 选项分析:A选项为S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语),不符合;B选项为S+V+状语,不符合;C选项:Sandy(S)+is watching(V)+her father(O)+work(C,补充宾语动作),结构为S+V+O+C,符合;D选项为S+Link V+P(主语+系动词+表语),不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】英语句子结构(主+谓+宾+宾补)
【点评】本题考查英语基础句子结构的辨析,核心是区分宾语补足语、双宾语、主系表等结构,需准确划分句子成分,属于英语语法基础考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
5. —World Environment Day is coming! Our school has
set up
a project called "Rethink, Reuse, Recycle".
—When will it start? I can't wait.

A.set up
B.given away
C.cut off
D.paid for

答案

5.A 解析:考查动词短语辨析。set up意为“建立”;given away意为“分发”;cut off意为“切断”;paid for意为“付费”。根据“Our school has ... a project called 'Rethink, Reuse, Recycle'”可知,学校发起了一个项目。set up意为“建立,发起”,符合语境。故选A。

解析

【分析】本题考查动词短语辨析,解题时需先明确各选项动词短语的含义,再结合句子语境(学校发起一项名为“重新思考、重新利用、回收”的项目),选择符合语境的短语。
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。逐一分析选项:A. set up意为“建立;发起”;B. given away意为“赠送;分发”;C. cut off意为“切断”;D. paid for意为“付费”。根据句子“Our school has ______ a project...”可知,学校发起了一个项目,set up符合语境,故选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析;一般现在完成时
【点评】本题为基础的动词短语词义辨析题,结合语境即可快速选出正确答案,属于初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】0.3
6. A new study shows that learning a second language can
lead to
an increase in intelligence.

A.lead to
B.think of
C.put in
D.look for

答案

6.A 解析:考查动词短语辨析。lead to意为“导致”;think of意为“想到”;put in意为“投入”;look for意为“寻找”。根据“learning a second language can ... an increase in intelligence”可知,学习第二语言可以导致智力的提高。lead to意为“导致”,符合语境。故选A。

解析

【分析】首先通读句子,明确句意是“一项新研究显示学习第二语言能______智力的提高”;接着逐一分析四个选项的动词短语含义,结合句子逻辑,需要选择表示“导致”意思的短语,从而确定正确选项。
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。A选项lead to意为“导致”;B选项think of意为“想到”;C选项put in意为“投入”;D选项look for意为“寻找”。根据句子语境“学习第二语言能______智力的提高”,可知此处需要表达“导致”的含义,lead to符合语境,其他选项均不符合,故选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,侧重考查学生对基础短语的掌握及语境运用能力,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
7. His speech is popular among the middle school students because it
covers
many problems that the teenagers care about.

A.makes
B.causes
C.fills
D.covers

答案

7.D 解析:考查动词辨析。makes意为“使”;causes意为“引起”;fills意为“充满”;covers意为“覆盖”。根据“many problems that the teenagers care about”可知,他的演讲涵盖了青少年关心的许多问题。covers意为“涵盖,覆盖”,符合语境。故选D。

解析

【分析】首先理解句子语境:他的演讲受中学生欢迎,原因是它________青少年关心的许多问题。接下来需辨析四个选项动词的含义,结合语境匹配最合适的动词,从而选出正确答案。
【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。A选项makes意为“使;制作”;B选项causes意为“引起;导致”;C选项fills意为“装满;填充”,常用搭配为fill with;D选项covers意为“覆盖;涵盖”。根据语境,演讲受欢迎是因为它涵盖了青少年关心的问题,covers符合此处语境,故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词辨析;词汇运用
【点评】本题为基础动词词义辨析题,需结合句子语境判断动词含义,难度适中,主要考查常见动词的词义及语境运用能力。
【难度系数】0.6
8. Alice broke the vase by accident. She looked at it
sadly
and promised that she would fix it.

A.sadly
B.carefully
C.easily
D.friendly

答案

8.A 解析:考查副词辨析。sadly意为“伤心地”;carefully意为“仔细地”;easily意为“容易地”;friendly是形容词,意为“友好的”。根据“Alice broke the vase by accident”和“promised that she would fix it”可知,她伤心地看着它。sadly意为“伤心地”,符合语境。故选A。

解析

【分析】
首先明确句子需要副词修饰动词短语looked at,先排除形容词friendly(D项);再结合语境:Alice意外打碎了花瓶,需选择符合其情绪的副词,sadly(伤心地)契合打碎花瓶后的情绪,其余选项不符合语境,据此推导答案。
【解析】
本题考查副词辨析。第一步,分析词性:D选项friendly是形容词,不能修饰动词短语looked at,先排除;第二步,辨析副词词义:A. sadly(伤心地)、B. carefully(仔细地)、C. easily(容易地);第三步,结合语境:Alice意外打碎花瓶,之后看着花瓶的情绪应为伤心,故用sadly修饰looked at,选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
副词辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本题为基础副词辨析题,需掌握各选项的词义与词性,结合上下文语境即可选出正确答案,侧重基础词汇的运用。
【难度系数】
0.7
9. —The city park is beautiful. Do you want to have a short
stay
before we leave the city?
—I'd love to! Let's sit by the lake for a while.

A.time
B.stay
C.trip
D.check

答案

9.B 解析:考查名词辨析。time意为“时间”;stay意为“停留”;trip意为“旅行”;check意为“检查”。根据“before we leave the city”和“Let's sit by the lake for a while”可知,是想在离开城市前短暂停留。stay意为“停留”,符合语境。故选B。

解析

【分析】首先通读对话理解语境:一方称赞城市公园美丽,询问离开城市前是否要做某事,另一方回应想在湖边坐一会儿,说明是短暂停留。接下来辨析四个选项名词的含义,结合语境选出合适的词。
【解析】逐一分析选项名词:A.time意为“时间”,B.stay意为“停留”,C.trip意为“旅行”,D.check意为“检查”。根据对话中“before we leave the city”(离开城市前)和答语“Let's sit by the lake for a while”(在湖边坐一会儿)的语境,可知此处表达“短暂停留”的意思,stay符合语境,其他选项均不符合,因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析;语境理解
【点评】本题考查英语名词在具体语境中的运用,需结合对话上下文逻辑辨析词义,属于基础题型,难度不大。
【难度系数】0.7
10. —Let's go hiking this weekend! The weather is perfect.
You said it
! I've been waiting for outdoor activities.

A.You said it
B.You can repeat it
C.I disagree
D.You said it before

答案

10.A 解析:考查交际用语。You said it意为“你说得对”;You can repeat it意为“你可以重复”;I disagree意为“我不同意”;You said it before意为“你之前说过了”。根据“Let's go hiking this weekend! The weather is perfect.”和“I've been waiting for outdoor activities”可知,对方完全同意。You said it意为“你说得对”,符合语境。故选A。

解析

【分析】
本题为英语情景交际题,解题思路是:先理解上下句语境,上句提议周末去徒步旅行并提及天气很好,下句表示一直在等待户外活动,说明是同意对方提议;再逐一分析四个选项含义,选出符合同意语境的答语。
【解析】
本题考查英语情景交际用语。各选项含义:A选项“You said it”意为“你说得对”,表完全同意;B选项“You can repeat it”意为“你可以重复它”,不符合语境;C选项“I disagree”意为“我不同意”,与答语积极态度相悖;D选项“You said it before”意为“你之前说过了”,不符合语境。结合上下文,答语提到“一直在等待户外活动”,说明完全同意对方提议,因此选A。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
情景交际用语
【点评】
本题考查日常英语交际用语,需准确掌握常见交际用语的含义,结合上下文语境判断答语,属于基础题型,注重日常用语积累与运用。
【难度系数】
0.3
Ⅱ. 完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also turns something that seems not so 1 into something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old boy from Michigan, the USA, is bringing good 2 on the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts.
At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange realised his team needed 3 for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 4 and redeemed(兑换) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee at the time of buying to 5 rubbish and protect the environment.
With the help of his father, Lange started a recycling programme, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. “We've raised so much money, 6 why not continue as long as we can?” he said. This 7 made him become positive so he continued the project with his father.In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling programme, leading to bottles and cans 8 accumulating(堆积) at people's homes. Lange's recycling programme offered a chance to 9 the problem. With his father's help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 10 did pickups from people's homes. “I'd just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I'm here to 11 litter.’ I'd catch the bags and pull them to the truck,” Lange said.Since 2020, Lange's recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has 12 more than 2 million bottles and cans from polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community a lot 13,” Lange said.
In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognising(认可) his 14 efforts and community impact. He believed the world would become a much better place. Lange always said “Be 15. Have an idea and work on it.” whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements.
1. A. kind B. valuable
C. dirty D. expensive
2. A. chances B. questions
C. effects D. lessons
3. A. food B. money
C. bottles D. spirit
4. A. chosen B. polished
C. offered D. collected
5. A. produce B. reduce
C. check D. share
6. A. while B. but
C. so D. or
7. A. effort B. success
C. wealth D. thought
8. A. normally B. simply
C. quickly D. hardly
9. A. hope B. solve
C. understand D. spread
10. A. even B. just
C. still D. never
11. A. cut down B. hand out
C. pick up D. pay for
12. A. prevented B. helped
C. bought D. donated
13. A. quieter B. cleaner
C. stranger D. safer
14. A. caring B. limitless
C. poor D. environmental
15. A. healthy B. creative
C. careful D. polite

答案

Ⅱ. 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的男孩马特奥·兰格利用回收计划帮助改善环境和社区的事情。
1. B 解析:根据“Recycling is not only good for the environment ... into something else.”以及下文兰格回收罐子和瓶子可知,回收的物品是看起来没有价值的东西,然后把它们变成其他有价值的东西。故选B。
2. C 解析:根据“Recycling is not only good for the environment ... into something else.”可知,回收活动能带来好的影响。故选C。
3. B 解析:根据“cans and bottles can be ... redeemed for money”可知他们球队需要钱来参加比赛。故选B。
4. D 解析:根据“redeemed for money”和“did pickups from people's homes”可知,此处指收集瓶子和罐子兑换钱。故选D。
5. B 解析:根据“protect the environment”可知,减少垃圾能保护环境。故选B。
6. C 解析:句意:“我们已经筹集了这么多钱,所以为什么不尽可能长时间地继续下去呢?”他说。前后两句话为因果关系,前半句为因,后半句为果。因为筹集了很多钱,所以想要继续下去。故选C。
7. B 解析:根据“Lange started a recycling programme, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks”以及下文可知,兰格的项目取得了成功,这让他备受激励。故选B。8. C 解析:根据“Michigan stopped its recycling programme”可知,回收计划停止,家里的瓶子和罐子会迅速堆积。故选C。9. B 解析:根据“they helped people get rid of their recyclables”可知,他们帮助人们处理可回收物品,因此家里的瓶子和罐子可以被清理走,这是一个解决问题的办法。故选B。10. A 解析:根据“did pickups from people's homes”可知,兰格不仅帮助处理可回收物品,甚至还去家里收垃圾。此处表示递进关系。故选A。11. C 解析:cut down削减;hand out分发;pick up捡起,拾起;pay for支付。根据“did pickups from people's homes”以及“I'd catch the bags and pull them to the truck”可知,此处指捡起垃圾并收走。故选C。12. A 解析:根据“Since 2020, Lange's recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides ...”可知,此处介绍兰格的计划的成就,不仅获得了资金,还保护了环境。故选A。
13. B 解析:根据“it has ... more than 2 million bottles and cans from polluting Michigan's roadsides, lakes and rivers”可知,污染少了,社区更干净了。故选B。
14. D 解析:根据上文以及“recognising his ... efforts and community impact”可知兰格为环境保护做了很大努力,获得了认可。故选D。
15. B 解析:根据“Have an idea and work on it.”可知,有创造力才会有想法。故选B。

解析

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循三步法:1. 通读全文,把握主旨:本文是美国少年Mateo通过回收项目助力环保与社区的故事;2. 逐空分析,结合上下文语境、词汇词义及用法选择答案,如第1题需结合回收的作用,判断“看似无价值的东西”对应选项;3. 代入答案通读,验证逻辑通顺性。每个空的选择都紧扣文章主题,结合语境与词汇辨析。
【解析】
1. 选B。根据前文“Recycling is not only good for the environment... into something else”及下文回收罐子瓶子的行为,可知回收是把看似没价值的东西变成有价值的,故选B。
2. 选C。根据前文回收的好处,可知此处指回收带来好的影响,故选C。
3. 选B。根据后文“cans and bottles can be... redeemed for money”,可知球队需要钱参赛,故选B。
4. 选D。根据后文“redeemed for money”及“did pickups from people's homes”,可知此处指收集瓶子罐子兑换钱,故选D。
5. 选B。根据后文“protect the environment”,可知减少垃圾能保护环境,故选B。
6. 选C。前后句是因果关系,因为筹集了很多钱,所以想继续,故选C。
7. 选B。根据前文“raising 7,500 in just a few weeks”,可知项目成功让他积极,故选B。
8. 选C。根据前文“Michigan stopped its recycling programme”,可知瓶子罐子会迅速堆积,故选C。
9. 选B。根据前文问题(瓶子罐子堆积),可知回收项目提供了解决问题的机会,故选B。
10. 选A。此处表示递进,不仅处理可回收物,甚至上门收,故选A。
11. 选C。根据后文“catch the bags and pull them to the truck”,可知是捡起垃圾,故选C。
12. 选A。根据后文“from polluting Michigan's roadsides...”,可知是防止污染,故选A。
13. 选B。根据前文减少污染,可知社区更干净,故选B。
14. 选D。根据全文环保主题,可知是认可他的环保努力,故选D。
15. 选B。根据后文“Have an idea and work on it”,可知是要有创造力,故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文围绕环保主题,通过少年的真实行动,考查学生的语篇理解、词汇运用及逻辑推理能力,贴近学生生活,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7