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Passage 3(2026·南通市期中)
The tiny egg cell(卵细胞) you grew from was smaller than the head of a needle. By the time you are fully grown, your body will be up to 20,000 times larger. That's a lot of growing!
The secret to the growth lies in your cells. In all animals—humans included—growth happens when cells get bigger, break apart to create new cells, and connect together. Even when you stop getting taller, this cellular activity never truly ends. Your body continues to renew itself throughout your life as worn-out cells are replaced by new ones. Your skin, muscles, blood, bones—even your brain—are constantly renewing themselves. In fact, every 7 to 10 years, nearly all the cells in your body are replaced, meaning you're not the same person you were a few years ago!
Different parts of your body grow at different speeds. By age 10, your head is already close to its adult size, while the rest of your body may need another 10 years to catch up. Inside your body, organs like your heart, lungs, and liver each follow their own growth timetable. Your height comes mainly from how your bones develop, especially your spine(脊柱) and the long bones in your arms and legs.
Growth doesn't happen at a steady(稳定的) pace. It speeds up quickly during two main times of fast growth: the first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager. During your first year of life, you grew about 25 centimetres! After that period, growth slowed to about 3—8 centimetres each year. But during your teenage years, you might suddenly grow 10 centimetres or more in a single year.
Your adult height is mostly set by the genes you get from your parents. To reach this natural height, your body needs good building materials: healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.
1. Where does the secret to the growth lie?
2. How often are nearly all the cells in your body renewed?
3. Where does your height mainly come from?
4. When are the main times of fast growth?
5. What does your body need to reach the natural height?
The tiny egg cell(卵细胞) you grew from was smaller than the head of a needle. By the time you are fully grown, your body will be up to 20,000 times larger. That's a lot of growing!
The secret to the growth lies in your cells. In all animals—humans included—growth happens when cells get bigger, break apart to create new cells, and connect together. Even when you stop getting taller, this cellular activity never truly ends. Your body continues to renew itself throughout your life as worn-out cells are replaced by new ones. Your skin, muscles, blood, bones—even your brain—are constantly renewing themselves. In fact, every 7 to 10 years, nearly all the cells in your body are replaced, meaning you're not the same person you were a few years ago!
Different parts of your body grow at different speeds. By age 10, your head is already close to its adult size, while the rest of your body may need another 10 years to catch up. Inside your body, organs like your heart, lungs, and liver each follow their own growth timetable. Your height comes mainly from how your bones develop, especially your spine(脊柱) and the long bones in your arms and legs.
Growth doesn't happen at a steady(稳定的) pace. It speeds up quickly during two main times of fast growth: the first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager. During your first year of life, you grew about 25 centimetres! After that period, growth slowed to about 3—8 centimetres each year. But during your teenage years, you might suddenly grow 10 centimetres or more in a single year.
Your adult height is mostly set by the genes you get from your parents. To reach this natural height, your body needs good building materials: healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.
1. Where does the secret to the growth lie?
Cells.
2. How often are nearly all the cells in your body renewed?
Every 7 to 10 years.
3. Where does your height mainly come from?
It mainly comes from how your bones develop，especially your spine and the long bones in your arms and legs.
4. When are the main times of fast growth?
The first when you are a baby，and the second when you are a teenager.
5. What does your body need to reach the natural height?
Healthy food，enough sleep，exercise，and sunshine for strong bones.
答案
1. Cells.
2. Every 7 to 10 years.
3. It mainly comes from how your bones develop，especially your spine and the long bones in your arms and legs.
4. The first when you are a baby，and the second when you are a teenager.
5. Healthy food，enough sleep，exercise，and sunshine for strong bones.
2. Every 7 to 10 years.
3. It mainly comes from how your bones develop，especially your spine and the long bones in your arms and legs.
4. The first when you are a baby，and the second when you are a teenager.
5. Healthy food，enough sleep，exercise，and sunshine for strong bones.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，解题思路是先明确每个问题的核心指向，再带着问题回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，最后提取与问题匹配的原文内容作为答案，确保答案与原文表述一致。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第一句“The secret to the growth lies in your cells.”，可直接提取答案；
2. 定位原文第二段最后一句“In fact, every 7 to 10 years, nearly all the cells in your body are replaced...”，提取时间信息；
3. 定位原文第三段最后一句“Your height comes mainly from how your bones develop, especially your spine(脊柱) and the long bones in your arms and legs.”，提取该句完整内容；
4. 定位原文第四段第二句“It speeds up quickly during two main times of fast growth: the first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager.”，提取该句完整内容；
5. 定位原文最后一段最后一句“To reach this natural height, your body needs good building materials: healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.”，提取冒号后的具体内容。
【答案】
1. Cells.
2. Every 7 to 10 years.
3. It mainly comes from how your bones develop, especially your spine and the long bones in your arms and legs.
4. The first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager.
5. Healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解细节题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，只要仔细阅读文章对应段落即可准确作答，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，解题思路是先明确每个问题的核心指向，再带着问题回到原文对应段落定位关键信息，最后提取与问题匹配的原文内容作为答案，确保答案与原文表述一致。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第一句“The secret to the growth lies in your cells.”，可直接提取答案；
2. 定位原文第二段最后一句“In fact, every 7 to 10 years, nearly all the cells in your body are replaced...”，提取时间信息；
3. 定位原文第三段最后一句“Your height comes mainly from how your bones develop, especially your spine(脊柱) and the long bones in your arms and legs.”，提取该句完整内容；
4. 定位原文第四段第二句“It speeds up quickly during two main times of fast growth: the first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager.”，提取该句完整内容；
5. 定位原文最后一段最后一句“To reach this natural height, your body needs good building materials: healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.”，提取冒号后的具体内容。
【答案】
1. Cells.
2. Every 7 to 10 years.
3. It mainly comes from how your bones develop, especially your spine and the long bones in your arms and legs.
4. The first when you are a baby, and the second when you are a teenager.
5. Healthy food, enough sleep, exercise, and sunshine for strong bones.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解细节题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，只要仔细阅读文章对应段落即可准确作答，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
