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Passage 2(2026·山东青岛期末)
The White Cliffs of Dover are located in Dover, in south-east England. Every year, lots of people come to visit them, making them a very popular destination for tourists.
The White Cliffs are mostly made of a soft, white rock called chalk(白垩). It is a type of limestone(石灰岩) that was created from the tiny skeletons(骨骼) of sea life. Over millions of years, these tiny skeletons piled up and were pressed together to form the chalk rock. Later, movements of the Earth pushed this rock up above the sea, creating the White Cliffs we see today.
These cliffs and the land around them are a special place for wildlife. Many types of plants grow there, including some rare ones that like the chalky soil. You might see beautiful wildflowers blooming in spring and summer. The cliffs are also home to many animals. For example, the peregrine falcon, one of the fastest birds in the world, can sometimes be seen hunting near the cliffs.
However, the White Cliffs are always changing because of natural erosion(侵蚀). Wind, rain and the waves slowly wear away the soft rock. Over time, pieces of cliffs can break off and fall into the sea. While erosion changes the shape of the cliffs, it also helps keep them look white, as new layers(层) of chalks are exposed.
Despite this, the cliffs never lose their charm. To fully enjoy them, head to South Foreland Lighthouse, which is located on the cliffs and offers amazing views. If you have more time, there are many other interesting places around the White Cliffs to visit, such as Fan Bay Deep Shelter and Dover Castle.
1. How was the white rock formed? (1分)
2. Summarize why the White Cliffs of Dover are important for both people and nature. (不超过30个单词)(3分)
3. 新考法 开放性设问 If you visit the White Cliffs, would you be more interested in the natural scenery, the wildlife or other tourist attractions near it? Give at least one reason for your choice. (3分)
4. 根据短文内容完成下面的信息卡,每空一词。(3分)
Information Card of the White Cliffs of Dover
Name: The White Cliffs of Dover
Location: In (1)
Reasons for shape change: Eroded(侵蚀) by (2) , and the waves.
(3) nearby: Fan Bay Deep Shelter, Dover Castle, etc.
Passage 3
新素材 社会热点 Have you ever imagined being in a car which is driven by a computer, not a human? In recent years, China has made great progress in self-driving technology. And self-driving cars have become part of traffic in some big cities. Since August 2022, self-driving taxis can run on the roads in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen. Why do we develop self-driving cars?
Self-driving cars can bring us many advantages. First, they use a central computer to feel the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking spaces for cars. The computer system makes it easier to park the cars, especially for those who have trouble in parking. Second, self-driving cars can help the disabled or blind people to get around more easily. Third, self-driving cars hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus, so there will be fewer accidents and deaths on the road. They can help increase traffic safety by 90 per cent.
However, self-driving cars are not perfect. They also have some problems. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars cannot react(反应) as fast as human drivers. Also, when the weather is bad, like heavy snow, self-driving cars cannot see the lines on the road easily. This may cause an accident. Besides, if the computer system of the car is broken by someone, the car will crash(撞毁).
It is clear that there is still a long way to go to make the technology of self-driving cars more common and safer. And China is taking steps to make this happen.
1. 根据短文内容完成下面表格中的信息。(6分)
Self-driving Technology
| Facts | Self-driving cars have become part of traffic in some big cities. |
| --- | --- |
| Advantages | * Self-driving cars use a central (1) (仅填1词) to feel the things around them and make better use of space.
Self-driving cars can help the disabled or blind people to get around easily.
Self-driving cars can help (2) (不超过3词) by 90%. |
| Disadvantages | * If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars cannot react as fast as human drivers.
(3) (不超过5词), self-driving cars can't see the things clearly.
If the computer system of the car is broken by someone, the car will crash. |
| Future | China is trying to make the technology more common and safer. |
2. Why will there be fewer accidents and deaths on the road with self-driving cars? (不超过10词)(2分)
3. 新考法 开放性设问 Do you think self-driving cars will completely replace(替代) human-driven cars in the future? Why or why not? (不超过25词)(2分)
The White Cliffs of Dover are located in Dover, in south-east England. Every year, lots of people come to visit them, making them a very popular destination for tourists.
The White Cliffs are mostly made of a soft, white rock called chalk(白垩). It is a type of limestone(石灰岩) that was created from the tiny skeletons(骨骼) of sea life. Over millions of years, these tiny skeletons piled up and were pressed together to form the chalk rock. Later, movements of the Earth pushed this rock up above the sea, creating the White Cliffs we see today.
These cliffs and the land around them are a special place for wildlife. Many types of plants grow there, including some rare ones that like the chalky soil. You might see beautiful wildflowers blooming in spring and summer. The cliffs are also home to many animals. For example, the peregrine falcon, one of the fastest birds in the world, can sometimes be seen hunting near the cliffs.
However, the White Cliffs are always changing because of natural erosion(侵蚀). Wind, rain and the waves slowly wear away the soft rock. Over time, pieces of cliffs can break off and fall into the sea. While erosion changes the shape of the cliffs, it also helps keep them look white, as new layers(层) of chalks are exposed.
Despite this, the cliffs never lose their charm. To fully enjoy them, head to South Foreland Lighthouse, which is located on the cliffs and offers amazing views. If you have more time, there are many other interesting places around the White Cliffs to visit, such as Fan Bay Deep Shelter and Dover Castle.
1. How was the white rock formed? (1分)
It was formed from the tiny skeletons of sea life that piled up and were pressed together over millions of years.
2. Summarize why the White Cliffs of Dover are important for both people and nature. (不超过30个单词)(3分)
It's a popular tourist destination and a special home for many rare plants and wild animals.
3. 新考法 开放性设问 If you visit the White Cliffs, would you be more interested in the natural scenery, the wildlife or other tourist attractions near it? Give at least one reason for your choice. (3分)
I'd be more interested in the natural scenery because the White Cliffs have unique
4. 根据短文内容完成下面的信息卡,每空一词。(3分)
Information Card of the White Cliffs of Dover
Name: The White Cliffs of Dover
Location: In (1)
Reasons for shape change: Eroded(侵蚀) by (2) , and the waves.
(3) nearby: Fan Bay Deep Shelter, Dover Castle, etc.
Passage 3
新素材 社会热点 Have you ever imagined being in a car which is driven by a computer, not a human? In recent years, China has made great progress in self-driving technology. And self-driving cars have become part of traffic in some big cities. Since August 2022, self-driving taxis can run on the roads in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen. Why do we develop self-driving cars?
Self-driving cars can bring us many advantages. First, they use a central computer to feel the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking spaces for cars. The computer system makes it easier to park the cars, especially for those who have trouble in parking. Second, self-driving cars can help the disabled or blind people to get around more easily. Third, self-driving cars hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus, so there will be fewer accidents and deaths on the road. They can help increase traffic safety by 90 per cent.
However, self-driving cars are not perfect. They also have some problems. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars cannot react(反应) as fast as human drivers. Also, when the weather is bad, like heavy snow, self-driving cars cannot see the lines on the road easily. This may cause an accident. Besides, if the computer system of the car is broken by someone, the car will crash(撞毁).
It is clear that there is still a long way to go to make the technology of self-driving cars more common and safer. And China is taking steps to make this happen.
1. 根据短文内容完成下面表格中的信息。(6分)
Self-driving Technology
| Facts | Self-driving cars have become part of traffic in some big cities. |
| --- | --- |
| Advantages | * Self-driving cars use a central (1) (仅填1词) to feel the things around them and make better use of space.
Self-driving cars can help the disabled or blind people to get around easily.
Self-driving cars can help (2) (不超过3词) by 90%. |
| Disadvantages | * If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars cannot react as fast as human drivers.
(3) (不超过5词), self-driving cars can't see the things clearly.
If the computer system of the car is broken by someone, the car will crash. |
| Future | China is trying to make the technology more common and safer. |
2. Why will there be fewer accidents and deaths on the road with self-driving cars? (不超过10词)(2分)
3. 新考法 开放性设问 Do you think self-driving cars will completely replace(替代) human-driven cars in the future? Why or why not? (不超过25词)(2分)
答案
1. It was formed from the tiny skeletons of sea life that piled up and were pressed together over millions of years.
2. It's a popular tourist destination and a special home for many rare plants and wild animals.
3. I'd be more interested in the natural scenery because the White Cliffs have unique
2. It's a popular tourist destination and a special home for many rare plants and wild animals.
3. I'd be more interested in the natural scenery because the White Cliffs have unique
解析
【分析】
首先通读两篇英语短文，梳理每段核心内容，针对各问题定位原文关键信息：基础题（填空、简答）需精准提取对应原文内容，开放性题需结合短文主题合理表达观点并给出理由，同时严格遵守字数、格式要求。
【解析】
Passage 2
1. 定位原文第二段：白垩岩由海洋生物微小骨骼堆积、压实形成，整理为答案。
2. 从第一段（热门旅游地）和第三段（动植物家园）提取信息，压缩至30词内总结。
3. 开放性题选自然风景，结合第三段提到的野花、独特地貌给出理由。
4. 信息卡：①位置对应第一段“in south-east England”；②形状变化原因对应第四段“Wind, rain and the waves”；③附近景点对应最后一段“many other interesting places”。
Passage 3
1. 表格填空：①对应第二段“central computer”；②对应第二段“increase traffic safety”；③对应第三段“when the weather is bad”简化为短语。
2. 定位第二段“hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus”，提取原因控制在10词内。
3. 开放性题结合短文提到的缺点（如反应慢）或优点，给出观点和理由，控制在25词内。
【答案】
Passage 2：
1. It was formed from the tiny skeletons of sea life that piled up and were pressed together over millions of years.
2. It's a popular tourist destination and a special home for many rare plants and wild animals.
3. I'd be more interested in the natural scenery because the White Cliffs have beautiful wildflowers and unique chalk landscapes.
4. (1) south-east England (2) wind; rain (3) Other tourist attractions
Passage 3：
1. (1) computer (2) increase traffic safety (3) In bad weather
2. Because they hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus.
3. No, because self-driving cars can't react fast enough in unexpected situations.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解 信息提取 书面表达
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读的信息定位、总结概括及观点表达能力，需紧扣原文作答，注意字数限制，开放性题需结合主题合理阐述。
【难度系数】
0.5
首先通读两篇英语短文，梳理每段核心内容，针对各问题定位原文关键信息：基础题（填空、简答）需精准提取对应原文内容，开放性题需结合短文主题合理表达观点并给出理由，同时严格遵守字数、格式要求。
【解析】
Passage 2
1. 定位原文第二段：白垩岩由海洋生物微小骨骼堆积、压实形成，整理为答案。
2. 从第一段（热门旅游地）和第三段（动植物家园）提取信息，压缩至30词内总结。
3. 开放性题选自然风景，结合第三段提到的野花、独特地貌给出理由。
4. 信息卡：①位置对应第一段“in south-east England”；②形状变化原因对应第四段“Wind, rain and the waves”；③附近景点对应最后一段“many other interesting places”。
Passage 3
1. 表格填空：①对应第二段“central computer”；②对应第二段“increase traffic safety”；③对应第三段“when the weather is bad”简化为短语。
2. 定位第二段“hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus”，提取原因控制在10词内。
3. 开放性题结合短文提到的缺点（如反应慢）或优点，给出观点和理由，控制在25词内。
【答案】
Passage 2：
1. It was formed from the tiny skeletons of sea life that piled up and were pressed together over millions of years.
2. It's a popular tourist destination and a special home for many rare plants and wild animals.
3. I'd be more interested in the natural scenery because the White Cliffs have beautiful wildflowers and unique chalk landscapes.
4. (1) south-east England (2) wind; rain (3) Other tourist attractions
Passage 3：
1. (1) computer (2) increase traffic safety (3) In bad weather
2. Because they hardly make wrong decisions or lose focus.
3. No, because self-driving cars can't react fast enough in unexpected situations.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解 信息提取 书面表达
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读的信息定位、总结概括及观点表达能力，需紧扣原文作答，注意字数限制，开放性题需结合主题合理阐述。
【难度系数】
0.5
