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九、思维导图 Sarah 正在浏览科普网站，她了解到，地球表面约百分之七十的面积被水覆盖，而人类却面临着水资源短缺的困境。阅读网页，完成思维导图，每空一词。（10 分）
Earth has a lot of water, so it might look like we have enough water for everyone. However, only 3% of the water is fit for human use, and the rest is frozen(冰冻的) or salty. Now, our Earth is facing the problem—water shortage(短缺).
Why?
There are many reasons. First, the heat makes water dry out because of climate(气候) change. The next is water pollution. Chemicals(化学物质) from factories and farms get into groundwater. It pollutes the clean water people can use. Third, more people are born, making the water shortage worse(更糟糕).
It's time to take action. Here are three ways for us to save water in daily life.
◁ Take a quick shower. Save a minute or two of your shower time.
◁ Check your taps. If you forget to turn off a tap, all those wasted drops add up—sometimes 5,300 litres(升) of water a year!
◁ Reuse water. Collect water after washing vegetables and pour it on your plants.
take a 3.
4.
5.
actions
water shortage
reasons
climate 1.
2.
more people
Earth has a lot of water, so it might look like we have enough water for everyone. However, only 3% of the water is fit for human use, and the rest is frozen(冰冻的) or salty. Now, our Earth is facing the problem—water shortage(短缺).
Why?
There are many reasons. First, the heat makes water dry out because of climate(气候) change. The next is water pollution. Chemicals(化学物质) from factories and farms get into groundwater. It pollutes the clean water people can use. Third, more people are born, making the water shortage worse(更糟糕).
It's time to take action. Here are three ways for us to save water in daily life.
◁ Take a quick shower. Save a minute or two of your shower time.
◁ Check your taps. If you forget to turn off a tap, all those wasted drops add up—sometimes 5,300 litres(升) of water a year!
◁ Reuse water. Collect water after washing vegetables and pour it on your plants.
take a 3.
quick
shower4.
check
your taps5.
reuse
wateractions
water shortage
reasons
climate 1.
change
2.
water
pollutionmore people
答案
1. change 2. water 3. quick 4. check 5. reuse
解析
【分析】
本题要求根据短文内容完成思维导图，每空一词，需分两类定位关键信息：一是“water shortage”的原因（reasons），二是解决缺水问题的行动（actions）。先定位短文对应段落，提取匹配的词汇即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：定位短文第三段“First, the heat makes water dry out because of climate change.”，气候相关的原因是“气候变化”，故填change；
2. 空2：第三段提到的第二个原因是“water pollution”，故填water；
3. 空3：对应短文行动第一条“Take a quick shower.”，故填quick；
4. 空4：对应行动第二条“Check your taps.”，故填check；
5. 空5：对应行动第三条“Reuse water.”，故填reuse。
【答案】
1. change 2. water 3. quick 4. check 5. reuse
【知识点】
阅读理解信息提取、词汇运用
【点评】
本题为基础信息提取类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位短文关键内容的能力，难度较低，只要仔细阅读对应段落即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题要求根据短文内容完成思维导图，每空一词，需分两类定位关键信息：一是“water shortage”的原因（reasons），二是解决缺水问题的行动（actions）。先定位短文对应段落，提取匹配的词汇即可。
【解析】
1. 空1：定位短文第三段“First, the heat makes water dry out because of climate change.”，气候相关的原因是“气候变化”，故填change；
2. 空2：第三段提到的第二个原因是“water pollution”，故填water；
3. 空3：对应短文行动第一条“Take a quick shower.”，故填quick；
4. 空4：对应行动第二条“Check your taps.”，故填check；
5. 空5：对应行动第三条“Reuse water.”，故填reuse。
【答案】
1. change 2. water 3. quick 4. check 5. reuse
【知识点】
阅读理解信息提取、词汇运用
【点评】
本题为基础信息提取类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位短文关键内容的能力，难度较低，只要仔细阅读对应段落即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
十、☑对标KET能力 阅读短文，选择最佳选项。（10分）
All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What is a
green building? It uses energy, water, and other materials in a green way. It is good for Earth.
When planning green buildings, designers must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. To save energy, they use natural light. They also use solar power or wind power. To save water, green buildings collect rainwater on the roofs. The toilets in the bathroom use less water. As for materials, it is important to use materials that are good for the air or water. Recycled materials are welcome to build green buildings.
Here are some green buildings: The Academy of Sciences building in California, US, uses recycled materials and solar energy. It also has a huge "living roof" of plants. A temple(寺庙) in Thailand is made from 1.5 million recycled glass bottles! This is a great use of recycled materials. And it also lets natural light into the temple, making it beautiful.
More and more green buildings are being built, and they are making the world a better place!
(
A. A building painted green. B. A building using green ways to build.
C. A building with many plants.
(
A. 环境友好的 B. 环境复杂的 C. 环境安静的
(
①By using natural light. ②By using solar power or wind power.
③By planting trees around. ④ By using old materials
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④
(
A. a "living roof" of plants B. smart toilets C. glass bottles
(
A. A storybook. B. A science book. C. A cookbook.
All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What is a
green building? It uses energy, water, and other materials in a green way. It is good for Earth.
When planning green buildings, designers must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. To save energy, they use natural light. They also use solar power or wind power. To save water, green buildings collect rainwater on the roofs. The toilets in the bathroom use less water. As for materials, it is important to use materials that are good for the air or water. Recycled materials are welcome to build green buildings.
Here are some green buildings: The Academy of Sciences building in California, US, uses recycled materials and solar energy. It also has a huge "living roof" of plants. A temple(寺庙) in Thailand is made from 1.5 million recycled glass bottles! This is a great use of recycled materials. And it also lets natural light into the temple, making it beautiful.
More and more green buildings are being built, and they are making the world a better place!
(
B
)1. What is a green building?A. A building painted green. B. A building using green ways to build.
C. A building with many plants.
(
A
)2. What does the underlined word "environment-friendly" in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A. 环境友好的 B. 环境复杂的 C. 环境安静的
(
A
)3. How do green buildings save energy?①By using natural light. ②By using solar power or wind power.
③By planting trees around. ④ By using old materials
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④
(
C
)4. The temple in Thailand uses glass bottles
.A. a "living roof" of plants B. smart toilets C. glass bottles
(
B
)5. Which book is this passage from?A. A storybook. B. A science book. C. A cookbook.
答案
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B
解析
【分析】
本题为KET级英语阅读理解选择题，需通过定位原文对应信息解答各题：第1题定位绿色建筑的定义；第2题结合上下文猜测词义；第3题定位节能方式；第4题定位泰国寺庙的材料；第5题根据文章主题判断来源，每道题均需回到原文找依据，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“What is a green building? It uses energy, water, and other materials in a green way.”可知，绿色建筑是用环保（绿色）方式建造的建筑，对应选项B。
2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文绿色建筑对地球有益，设计师需用环保的方式利用资源，可推断“environment-friendly”意为“环境友好的”，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“To save energy, they use natural light. They also use solar power or wind power.”可知，节能方式为使用自然光、太阳能或风能，即①②，对应选项A。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“A temple in Thailand is made from 1.5 million recycled glass bottles!”可知，泰国寺庙使用玻璃瓶，对应选项C。
5. 主旨大意题：文章介绍绿色建筑的定义、节能节水材料及实例，属于科学类内容，应来自科学书，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读细节理解、词义猜测、主旨判断
【点评】
本题为KET水平的英语阅读题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息、词义猜测及主旨归纳的能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确匹配选项与原文内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为KET级英语阅读理解选择题，需通过定位原文对应信息解答各题：第1题定位绿色建筑的定义；第2题结合上下文猜测词义；第3题定位节能方式；第4题定位泰国寺庙的材料；第5题根据文章主题判断来源，每道题均需回到原文找依据，避免主观臆断。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“What is a green building? It uses energy, water, and other materials in a green way.”可知，绿色建筑是用环保（绿色）方式建造的建筑，对应选项B。
2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文绿色建筑对地球有益，设计师需用环保的方式利用资源，可推断“environment-friendly”意为“环境友好的”，对应选项A。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“To save energy, they use natural light. They also use solar power or wind power.”可知，节能方式为使用自然光、太阳能或风能，即①②，对应选项A。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段“A temple in Thailand is made from 1.5 million recycled glass bottles!”可知，泰国寺庙使用玻璃瓶，对应选项C。
5. 主旨大意题：文章介绍绿色建筑的定义、节能节水材料及实例，属于科学类内容，应来自科学书，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读细节理解、词义猜测、主旨判断
【点评】
本题为KET水平的英语阅读题，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息、词义猜测及主旨归纳的能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确匹配选项与原文内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
