一、词汇运用
A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。(2025·宁波镇海)
climb confident advice voluntary shy
Lin Tao isn't good at talking to strangers. He is a little 1. . When his school club held a 2. activity—indoor rock climbing, his best friend Tom, a good 3. , said, "Just try it! It will be fun. " So Lin Tao decided to follow his 4. .
At first, he felt nervous looking at the high wall. But he took a deep breath and started to climb. To his surprise, with every step he took, he felt his 5. growing stronger. When he finally reached the top, he learnt that facing challenges can truly change him.

1. shy 2. voluntary 3. climber 4. advice 5. confidence

【分析】
首先通读全文理解语境，再结合方框内单词的词性及形式变化，逐一匹配每个空格所需词汇：第1空需填描述性格的形容词；第2空需填形容词修饰名词activity；第3空需填表示人的名词；第4空考查固定搭配；第5空需填名词，结合语境确定词汇。
【解析】
1. 句意：林涛不擅长和陌生人说话，他有点害羞。be动词后接形容词作表语，方框中shy（害羞的）符合语境，故填shy。
2. 句意：当他的学校俱乐部举办一个自愿活动——室内攀岩时。此处需形容词修饰名词activity，voluntary（自愿的）符合要求，故填voluntary。
3. 句意：他最好的朋友汤姆，一个好的攀岩者。climb的名词形式climber（攀岩者），符合“好朋友”的身份，故填climber。
4. 句意：所以林涛决定听从他的建议。固定搭配follow one's advice意为“听从某人的建议”，advice为不可数名词，故填advice。
5. 句意：让他惊讶的是，每走一步，他都觉得自己的自信在增强。confident的名词形式confidence（自信），符合语境，故填confidence。
【答案】
1. shy 2. voluntary 3. climber 4. advice 5. confidence
【知识点】
形容词的用法、名词的形式变化、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词汇运用题，考查单词的适当形式填空，需结合语境、词性变化及固定搭配解题，难度较低，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

B. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式,每空限填一词。(2025·绍兴柯桥改编)
Do you have a memory of living in the 6. (农村)? My 7. (童年) was spent in a small village. People there lived happily with nature. 8. (据……所示) to the old 9. (历法) in Grandma's house, we knew when to plant vegetables and when to pick fruits.
I loved playing outside, 10. (尤其) by the small river near the village. Mum always told me that I must come back safely before dark. We kids often caught small fish there and listened to the old man say that the river had been here for many years.
But two years ago, things changed. Some people threw rubbish everywhere, and the 11. (生态环境) became bad. The river dried up a little, and we faced a water 12. (短缺) sometimes. 13. (村民) were worried and said that we must protect nature.
It was 14. (幸运的) that everyone started to act. We cleaned the river and planted trees. Now, birds are back, and the river is clean again. I think that it's our duty to keep nature beautiful—we 15. (很可能) can't live well without it.

6. countryside 7. childhood 8. According 9. calendar
10. especially 11. environment 12. shortage
13. Villagers 14. lucky 15. probably

【分析】
本题为根据中文提示填单词的英语基础题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读短文，理解上下文语境；2. 结合每个空的中文提示确定对应单词；3. 再根据句子语法结构（如句首大写、名词单复数、词性要求等）调整单词正确形式，确保符合语境与语法规则。
【解析】
6. 中文提示“农村”对应固定搭配“in the countryside”，故填countryside；
7. 中文提示“童年”对应名词childhood，在句中作主语，用原形；
8. 中文提示“据……所示”对应固定短语“According to”，位于句首需大写首字母，故填According；
9. 中文提示“历法”对应名词calendar，前有定冠词the，用单数形式；
10. 中文提示“尤其”对应副词especially，修饰后面的介词短语，故填especially；
11. 中文提示“生态环境”对应名词environment，此处指整体环境，用单数；
12. 中文提示“短缺”对应名词shortage，“water shortage”是固定搭配，意为“水资源短缺”，故填shortage；
13. 中文提示“村民”对应名词villager，句中谓语为were，需用复数形式，且位于句首大写首字母，故填Villagers；
14. 中文提示“幸运的”对应形容词lucky，在句中作表语，故填lucky；
15. 中文提示“很可能”对应副词probably，修饰动词短语，故填probably。
【答案】
6. countryside 7. childhood 8. According 9. calendar 10. especially 11. environment 12. shortage 13. Villagers 14. lucky 15. probably
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、固定搭配运用、词性判断
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的识记与简单语法运用，结合中文提示和语境填写单词，难度较低，适合巩固英语基础词汇，需注意句首单词大写、名词单复数等细节。
【难度系数】
0.8