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B. 阅读下面的短文,根据括号内所给汉语意思或音标提示写出单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。
During my free time this week, I read something about exploring nature's secrets. It talked about 6
Later, I looked up more information online. I found a researcher's 13
During my free time this week, I read something about exploring nature's secrets. It talked about 6
northern
(北部的) forests in cold areas of China. It also asked 7 whether
(是否) people knew all the plants growing there. The article in this 8 newspaper
(报纸) talked about the living things in those forests. It said many 9 species
(/ˈspiːʃiːz/) lived there. And some were still 10 unknown
(未知的) to humans. It also shared a scientist's 11 belief
(观点) that we needed to study these things more carefully. I spent an hour reading it and took some notes on important parts. After finishing the reading, I 12 fully/completely
(完全地) understood why nature exploration matters.Later, I looked up more information online. I found a researcher's 13
findings
(发现) about animal protection. They included details about 14 African
(非洲的) elephants and their living habits. I also read some 15 writings
(写作;著书) about how to protect rare animals and plants in the rainforest. The content made me think about what I could do to help. I decided to tell my classmates about these facts in our next science class—maybe we could work together to learn more about nature.答案
6. northern 7. whether 8. newspaper 9. species 10. unknown 11. belief 12. fully/completely 13. findings 14. African 15. writings
解析
【分析】本题要求根据汉语意思或音标填写正确单词，需结合每个空的词性、语境及提示信息判断单词形式：先确定每个空所需词性（如形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词等），再对应汉语提示或音标回忆单词，最后注意名词单复数、固定搭配等细节，确保单词形式正确。
【解析】
6. 空格后是名词forests，需用形容词修饰，汉语提示“北部的”对应形容词northern，故填northern。
7. 此处为宾语从句引导词，汉语提示“是否”对应whether，故填whether。
8. 空格前是指示代词this，需接名词，汉语提示“报纸”对应名词newspaper，故填newspaper。
9. 音标/ˈspiːʃiːz/对应单词species，该词单复数同形，符合语境，故填species。
10. 此处为固定搭配“be unknown to”（对……未知），汉语提示“未知的”对应形容词unknown，故填unknown。
11. 空格前是名词所有格scientist's，需接名词，汉语提示“观点”对应名词belief，符合语境，故填belief。
12. 空格后是动词understood，需用副词修饰，汉语提示“完全地”对应副词fully或completely，故填fully/completely。
13. 空格前是a researcher's，结合语境“发现”常用复数形式findings，故填findings。
14. 空格后是名词elephants，需用形容词修饰，汉语提示“非洲的”对应形容词African，故填African。
15. 空格前是some，需接名词复数，汉语提示“写作；著书”对应名词writings，故填writings。
【答案】6. northern 7. whether 8. newspaper 9. species 10. unknown 11. belief 12. fully/completely 13. findings 14. African 15. writings
【知识点】英语单词拼写、词性辨析、名词单复数
【点评】本题为基础英语单词拼写题，考查核心词汇的运用，涉及形容词、副词、名词的正确形式及音标对应单词的能力，侧重初中英语基础词汇的掌握，是常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
6. 空格后是名词forests，需用形容词修饰，汉语提示“北部的”对应形容词northern，故填northern。
7. 此处为宾语从句引导词，汉语提示“是否”对应whether，故填whether。
8. 空格前是指示代词this，需接名词，汉语提示“报纸”对应名词newspaper，故填newspaper。
9. 音标/ˈspiːʃiːz/对应单词species，该词单复数同形，符合语境，故填species。
10. 此处为固定搭配“be unknown to”（对……未知），汉语提示“未知的”对应形容词unknown，故填unknown。
11. 空格前是名词所有格scientist's，需接名词，汉语提示“观点”对应名词belief，符合语境，故填belief。
12. 空格后是动词understood，需用副词修饰，汉语提示“完全地”对应副词fully或completely，故填fully/completely。
13. 空格前是a researcher's，结合语境“发现”常用复数形式findings，故填findings。
14. 空格后是名词elephants，需用形容词修饰，汉语提示“非洲的”对应形容词African，故填African。
15. 空格前是some，需接名词复数，汉语提示“写作；著书”对应名词writings，故填writings。
【答案】6. northern 7. whether 8. newspaper 9. species 10. unknown 11. belief 12. fully/completely 13. findings 14. African 15. writings
【知识点】英语单词拼写、词性辨析、名词单复数
【点评】本题为基础英语单词拼写题，考查核心词汇的运用，涉及形容词、副词、名词的正确形式及音标对应单词的能力，侧重初中英语基础词汇的掌握，是常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
二、语法填空
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A Letter to All Visitors
For many years, our park 16
First, don't litter. Rubbish makes 20
Secondly, no 21
We have placed signs that say "Take nothing but photos and leave nothing but footprints" throughout the park. We hope visitors will keep this in mind and follow it, or we 23
Thank you for your understanding. We hope you have a good time here!
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A Letter to All Visitors
For many years, our park 16
has been
(be) open to the public for free. As a result, there is an endless stream of visitors 17 of
all ages here every day. However, a large number of visitors have also brought environmental pollution, and this situation has become difficult 18 to control
(control). In order to create a better environment for everyone, we believe it is necessary(必要的) to make some 19 rules
(rule).First, don't litter. Rubbish makes 20
a
mess of the park. In order to provide visitors with a good experience, we have to spend a lot of time dealing with(处理) the rubbish every day. Please put your rubbish in the bins(垃圾箱) to help keep the park clean.Secondly, no 21
picking
(pick) the flowers. The colourful flowers in the park make it lively. Please just enjoy their beauty right here and don't take 22 them
(they) away, or else there might be no flowers left for anyone to see.We have placed signs that say "Take nothing but photos and leave nothing but footprints" throughout the park. We hope visitors will keep this in mind and follow it, or we 23
will punish
(punish) you with a fine(罚款). 24 If
you see others doing something wrong, please report it to us. Together, we can create and enjoy a much 25 cleaner
(clean) and more beautiful park.Thank you for your understanding. We hope you have a good time here!
答案
16. has been 17. of 18. to control 19. rules 20. a 21. picking 22. them 23. will punish 24. If 25. cleaner
解析
【分析】
先通读短文，理解短文是公园向游客发出的告知信，围绕公园免费开放后的环境问题及相关规定展开。解题时需结合时间状语、固定搭配、语法结构、词性变化等知识点，逐个分析每个空白处的填词依据：16题根据时间状语判断时态；17题考查固定短语；18题是固定句式；19题涉及名词复数；20题是固定短语；21题考查动名词用法；22题涉及代词宾格；23题考查将来时结构；24题引导条件状语从句；25题考查形容词比较级。
【解析】
16. 由时间状语“For many years（多年来）”可知，句子需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语our park是单数，故填has been。
17. “visitors of all ages”是固定搭配，意为“各个年龄段的游客”，故填of。
18. “be difficult to do sth”是固定句式，意为“做某事是困难的”，故填to control。
19. some后接可数名词复数，rule的复数形式为rules，故填rules。
20. “make a mess of”是固定短语，意为“把……搞得一团糟”，故填a。
21. no后接动名词构成否定祈使句，表“禁止做某事”，pick的动名词是picking，故填picking。
22. take是动词，后接代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
23. 此处是“祈使句+or+一般将来时”结构，or表“否则”，后用一般将来时，故填will punish。
24. 此处引导条件状语从句，表“如果”，故填If。
25. and连接并列成分，后面是比较级more beautiful，故用clean的比较级cleaner，故填cleaner。
【答案】
16. has been 17. of 18. to control 19. rules 20. a 21. picking 22. them 23. will punish 24. If 25. cleaner
【知识点】
现在完成时、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的语法填空题，考查核心基础语法与固定搭配，注重知识的实际应用，难度适中，要求学生掌握常见时态、短语及词性变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.8
先通读短文，理解短文是公园向游客发出的告知信，围绕公园免费开放后的环境问题及相关规定展开。解题时需结合时间状语、固定搭配、语法结构、词性变化等知识点，逐个分析每个空白处的填词依据：16题根据时间状语判断时态；17题考查固定短语；18题是固定句式；19题涉及名词复数；20题是固定短语；21题考查动名词用法；22题涉及代词宾格；23题考查将来时结构；24题引导条件状语从句；25题考查形容词比较级。
【解析】
16. 由时间状语“For many years（多年来）”可知，句子需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语our park是单数，故填has been。
17. “visitors of all ages”是固定搭配，意为“各个年龄段的游客”，故填of。
18. “be difficult to do sth”是固定句式，意为“做某事是困难的”，故填to control。
19. some后接可数名词复数，rule的复数形式为rules，故填rules。
20. “make a mess of”是固定短语，意为“把……搞得一团糟”，故填a。
21. no后接动名词构成否定祈使句，表“禁止做某事”，pick的动名词是picking，故填picking。
22. take是动词，后接代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
23. 此处是“祈使句+or+一般将来时”结构，or表“否则”，后用一般将来时，故填will punish。
24. 此处引导条件状语从句，表“如果”，故填If。
25. and连接并列成分，后面是比较级more beautiful，故用clean的比较级cleaner，故填cleaner。
【答案】
16. has been 17. of 18. to control 19. rules 20. a 21. picking 22. them 23. will punish 24. If 25. cleaner
【知识点】
现在完成时、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的语法填空题，考查核心基础语法与固定搭配，注重知识的实际应用，难度适中，要求学生掌握常见时态、短语及词性变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.8
