13.如图13-13,D,E分别是△ABC的边AB,BC上的点,AD=2BD,BE=CE,设△ADF的面积为S₁,△CEF的面积为S₂。若S△ABC=6,求S₁−S₂的值。
答案
13.解:$\because BE=CE,S_{△ ABC}=6$,
$\therefore S_{△ AEC}=\frac{1}{2}S_{△ ABC}=\frac{1}{2}×6=3.$
$\because AD=2BD,S_{△ ABC}=6$,
$\therefore S_{△ ACD}=\frac{2}{3}S_{△ ABC}=4.$
$\therefore S_1-S_2=(S_{△ ACD}-S_{△ AFC})-(S_{△ AEC}-S_{△ AFC})=S_{△ ACD}-S_{△ AEC}=4-3=1.$
$\therefore S_{△ AEC}=\frac{1}{2}S_{△ ABC}=\frac{1}{2}×6=3.$
$\because AD=2BD,S_{△ ABC}=6$,
$\therefore S_{△ ACD}=\frac{2}{3}S_{△ ABC}=4.$
$\therefore S_1-S_2=(S_{△ ACD}-S_{△ AFC})-(S_{△ AEC}-S_{△ AFC})=S_{△ ACD}-S_{△ AEC}=4-3=1.$
14.如图13-14,AD平分∠BAC,∠EAD=∠EDA.若∠B=50°,∠CAD:∠E=1:3,求∠E的度数.
图13-14
答案
14.解:设$∠CAD=x$,则$∠E=3x.$
$\because AD$平分$∠BAC,∴∠BAD=∠CAD.$
$\because ∠EAD=∠EDA$,
$\therefore ∠EAC+∠CAD=∠B+∠BAD.$
$\therefore ∠EAC=∠B=50°.$
$\therefore ∠EAD=∠EDA=x+50°.$
在$△ EAD$中,
$\because ∠E+∠EAD+∠EDA=180°$,
$\therefore 3x+2(x+50°)=180°$,
解得$x=16°.∴3x=48°$,
即$∠E=48°.$
$\because AD$平分$∠BAC,∴∠BAD=∠CAD.$
$\because ∠EAD=∠EDA$,
$\therefore ∠EAC+∠CAD=∠B+∠BAD.$
$\therefore ∠EAC=∠B=50°.$
$\therefore ∠EAD=∠EDA=x+50°.$
在$△ EAD$中,
$\because ∠E+∠EAD+∠EDA=180°$,
$\therefore 3x+2(x+50°)=180°$,
解得$x=16°.∴3x=48°$,
即$∠E=48°.$
15. 如图13-15,在△ABC中,三个内角的平分线交于点O,过点O作OD⊥OB,交边BC于点D,△ABC的外角平分线BF与CO的延长线相交于点F。
(1)求证$BF// OD$。
(2)若$∠F=35°$,求$∠BAC$的度数。

图13-15
(1)求证$BF// OD$。
(2)若$∠F=35°$,求$∠BAC$的度数。
图13-15
答案
15.(1)证明:$\because ∠ABC+∠ABE=180°,BF$平分$∠ABE,BO$平分$∠ABC$,
$\therefore ∠ABO + ∠ABF = \frac{1}{2}∠ABC + \frac{1}{2}∠ABE=\frac{1}{2}(∠ABC+∠ABE)=90°.$
$\therefore ∠FBO=90°.∴BF⊥BO.$
又$\because OD⊥OB,∴BF// OD.$
(2)解:$\because BF// OD$,
$\therefore ∠COD=∠F=35°.$
$\therefore ∠BOC=90°+35°=125°.$
$\therefore ∠OBC+∠OCB=180°-125°=55°.$
$\because BO,CO$分别为$∠ABC,∠ACB$的平分线,
$\therefore ∠ABC+∠ACB=2×55°=110°.$
$\therefore ∠BAC=180°-(∠ABC+∠ACB)=180°-110=70°.$
$\therefore ∠ABO + ∠ABF = \frac{1}{2}∠ABC + \frac{1}{2}∠ABE=\frac{1}{2}(∠ABC+∠ABE)=90°.$
$\therefore ∠FBO=90°.∴BF⊥BO.$
又$\because OD⊥OB,∴BF// OD.$
(2)解:$\because BF// OD$,
$\therefore ∠COD=∠F=35°.$
$\therefore ∠BOC=90°+35°=125°.$
$\therefore ∠OBC+∠OCB=180°-125°=55°.$
$\because BO,CO$分别为$∠ABC,∠ACB$的平分线,
$\therefore ∠ABC+∠ACB=2×55°=110°.$
$\therefore ∠BAC=180°-(∠ABC+∠ACB)=180°-110=70°.$
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