一、完形填空 寻找真正的友谊
素养:学习能力 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2026 淮南寿县广岩初中期末改编]
Everyone needs friends. But how do you find real friendship and 1 it? The Care and Keeping of Friends by American author Sally Seamans tells young students some smart 2 to cultivate（培养）friendship.
Sally says finding friendship is just like 3 a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.
First, you should choose a friend. What makes a 4 friend? A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, good friends will 5 your complaints（抱怨）and do their best to help.
But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a 6 with your friends? You should talk to them. When there is no one around, have an honest（坦诚的）talk.
If he or she doesn’t want to talk, you can write a letter. Sally says there are three steps to be friends 7: Tell him or her how you are feeling, say what your friend did wrong and 8 why you did this or that.
The 9 also has advice on some small but important things like celebrating your friends’ success. Even if you didn’t have a(n) 10 friend before, you will start to think of having one if you read this book.
1. A. see B. get C. make D. keep
2. A. facts B. tasks C. ways D. goals
3. A. planting B. watering C. climbing D. uprooting
4. A. hard B. good C. rich D. cute
5. A. listen to B. agree on C. help with D. argue over
6. A. talk B. joke C. fight D. meal
7. A. instead B. again C. ever D. too
8. A. imagine B. suggest C. wonder D. explain
9. A. film B. book C. song D. opera
10. A. special B. close C. real D. old

【解题导语】美国作家 Sally Seamans 在她的书中给青少年提供了一些交朋友的有用方法,包括如何选择朋友、如何处理朋友间的矛盾以及如何挽回友谊等。
1. D 根据空前的"find real friendship and"可知,此处承接上文"找到真正的友谊",进而表达"维系友谊",D 项符合语境。
2. C fact"事实";task"任务";way"方法";goal"目标"。根据下文内容可知,此处指培养友谊的方法,故选 C。
3. A 根据下文中的"You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow"可知,此处是说找到友谊就像种一棵树,故选 A。
4. B 根据空后的答语"A good friend should be kind and patient"可知,空处所缺的词是"good",故选 B。
5. A listen to"倾听……";agree on"同意……";help with"帮着做……";argue over"为……争吵"。根据空后的"your complaints(抱怨)"可知选 A。
6. C 根据上文中的"Even the best friends have fights"及下文中的"You should talk to them"可知选 C。
7. B 根据上下文可知,此处说的是朋友吵架后写信重归于好的三个步骤,again"再一次"符合语境。
8. D imagine"想象";suggest"建议";wonder"想知道";explain"解释"。根据空后的"why you did this or that"可知选 D。
9. B 根据下文中的"you will start to think of having one if you read this book"可知,The Care and Keeping of Friends 是一本书,故选 B。
10. C 即使你以前没有真正的朋友,如果你读了这本书,你也会开始想要拥有一个。根据第一段中的"how do you find real friendship"可知选 C。

【分析】先通读全文，把握文章主旨为介绍美国作家Sally Seamans的书中关于寻找与维系友谊的方法，再结合每个空格前后的语境、词义辨析及固定搭配，逐一分析选项，选出符合文意的答案。
【解析】1. 根据空前“find real friendship and”，此处需与“find”并列，表达“维系友谊”，D项keep符合语境，故选D；2. 下文介绍培养友谊的具体方法，way意为“方法”，C项符合，故选C；3. 由下句“You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow”可知，此处将找友谊比作种树，A项planting符合，故选A；4. 由空后“A good friend should be kind and patient”可知，此处问“什么样的朋友是好朋友”，B项good符合，故选B；5. 结合空后“your complaints”，listen to意为“倾听”，符合语境，故选A；6. 由上文“Even the best friends have fights”可知，此处指与朋友吵架，C项fight符合，故选C；7. 此处指吵架后再次成为朋友，again意为“再一次”，B项符合，故选B；8. 结合空后“why you did this or that”，explain意为“解释”，符合语境，故选D；9. 由下文“you will start to think of having one if you read this book”可知，此处指这本书，B项book符合，故选B；10. 由第一段“how do you find real friendship”可知，此处指真正的朋友，C项real符合，故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文围绕“寻找真正的友谊”展开，贴近学生生活，考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用，需结合上下文逻辑和词义辨析解题，难度中等。
【难度系数】0.6

二、阅读理解 “搭子”社交
素养:文化意识 难度:中 用时:7分钟
Have you heard of dazi? Have you ever found a dazi? These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular with young Chinese people. A dazi is a person we eat with, study with, exercise with or take a trip with, but we haven't known him or her before.
The dazi culture is about finding the right person to do the right activity with. Xiaoyue, a young woman from Ningxia, has met many dazi because of her love for basketball and biking. Having a dazi not only gives her company (陪伴) but also helps her enjoy sports more.
These dazi relationships are very different from close friendships. As for close friends, we need to stay in close touch. With a dazi, you don't have to do so. Many dazi may not meet again after a trip or a game together. So, many people believe having a dazi makes their social life easier and more comfortable.
Finding a dazi shows that young Chinese people want clearer boundaries (界限) in their social relationships. Dazi will not talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope that these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests, or that they can help them to improve themselves.
Although finding a dazi has many good points, we should be careful and put our safety first.
1. How might Xiaoyue describe having a dazi?
A. Serious.
B. Difficult.
C. Enjoyable.
D. Meaningless.
2. What does the underlined word "so" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Having a social life.
B. Playing games together.
C. Staying in close touch.
D. Talking about personal life.
3. Why do young Chinese people like to find a dazi?
①To have boundaries in their social relationships.
②To share their hobbies and interests.
③To improve themselves.
④To save time and money.
A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④
4. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Some stories of dazi
B. How we find a dazi
C. Dazi: special close friends
D. Dazi: a new popular culture
拓展设问
1. What do people try to keep private (私密的) when they stay with a dazi? (不超过5个词)

2. What should we pay attention to first when finding a dazi? (不超过5个词)

【解题导语】本文主要介绍了"搭子"文化——一种在中国年轻人中流行的寻找不熟悉的人作为伙伴一起吃喝玩乐的文化现象。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Having a dazi not only gives her company(陪伴) but also helps her enjoy sports more"可推知,Xiaoyue 认为有"搭子"是令人愉快的,故选 C。
2. C 副词指代题。根据第三段中的"As for close friends, we need to stay in close touch. With a dazi, you don't have to do so"可知,画线词指代的是"保持密切联系",故选 C。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,年轻人找"搭子"是为了在他们的社会关系中拥有清晰界限、分享他们的爱好和兴趣,或者为了提升自己,故选 A。
4. D 标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的"These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular with young Chinese people"可知,本文主要介绍了"搭子"文化,一种在中国年轻人中流行的文化现象,所以最适合的标题是"Dazi: a new popular culture"。
解题通法
三方面判断最佳标题
做标题归纳题的时候,通常从以下几个方面来考虑:
(1)标题要能概括文章的主旨大意;
(2)标题要简洁、醒目;
(3)标题中常含有体现文章大意的关键词。
注意:对于一些记叙文而言,有时候标题并不体现文章的大意,而常常是贯穿文章的特定线索。
【拓展设问】
1. Their personal lives.
2. Our safety.

【分析】
这是一篇关于“搭子”社交文化的阅读理解题，解题思路如下：1. 先快速通读全文，明确“搭子”的定义、特点及年轻人对这种社交方式的态度；2. 针对每个题目，回到原文对应段落定位关键信息：细节题直接找原文原句，推理题结合原文表述合理推断，词义猜测题分析上下文指代关系，标题归纳题提炼文章主旨；3. 拓展设问需定位原文对应语句，按字数要求简洁作答。
【解析】
1. 第1题（推理判断题）：根据第二段“Having a dazi not only gives her company but also helps her enjoy sports more”，可知Xiaoyue认为有“搭子”是令人愉快的，故选C。
2. 第2题（词义猜测题）：第三段提到“close friends需要stay in close touch，而与搭子相处不必do so”，此处“so”指代前文的“stay in close touch”，故选C。
3. 第3题（细节理解题）：根据第四段内容，年轻人找“搭子”的原因是拥有清晰的社交界限、分享爱好和兴趣、提升自己，对应①②③，故选A。
4. 第4题（标题归纳题）：全文围绕“搭子”这种在中国年轻人中流行的新文化展开，核心关键词为“dazi”“popular culture”，故选D。
拓展设问：
1. 定位第四段“Dazi will not talk or ask a lot about their personal lives”，可知需保密的是Their personal lives。
2. 定位第五段“we should be careful and put our safety first”，可知需优先注意的是Our safety。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D；拓展设问：1. Their personal lives. 2. Our safety.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、标题归纳
【点评】
本文围绕“搭子”这一新兴社交文化展开，考察学生快速定位原文信息、理解主旨及词义指代的能力，题目设置贴合文本，难度适中，符合中等水平学生的考察要求。
【难度系数】
0.6