二、语法填空(真题·湖州吴兴、长兴)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
This is a famous story about Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. The Chinese people told
16 story for many years.
One day, Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang 17 (make) 100,000 arrows(箭) for him. "No problem," Zhuge Liang said. "I will bring you 100,000 arrows in three days."
Zhuge Liang let his soldiers(兵) fill twenty large boats with many straw(稻草) 18 (man). In the early morning of the 19 (three) day, Zhuge Liang's soldiers let the boats go to the camps of Cao Cao's soldiers on the other side of the river. Then they shouted loudly and played 20 (they) drums.
When Cao Cao's soldiers 21 (hear) the sounds, they thought they were under attack. There 22 (be) a heavy fog on the river, so they could not see clearly. Cao Cao shouted, "Listen! Zhuge Liang's soldiers 23 (come) to us now. Shoot arrows to the sounds of the drums and the shouting." Soon Zhuge Liang's boats had many arrows.
Zhuge Liang's soldiers then turned the boats around and shouted, "Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao."
24 (final), Zhuge Liang succeeded in getting 25 (much) than 100,000 arrows.

C组

16. the 17. to make 18. men 19. third 20. their 21. heard 22. was 23. are coming 24. Finally 25. more

【分析】
先通读短文理解“草船借箭”的故事大意，结合语境、语法规则、固定搭配、词性转换等逐一分析每个空：16题特指前文提到的故事，用定冠词；17题考查固定搭配ask sb to do sth；18题many后接可数名词复数；19题表示顺序用序数词；20题修饰名词用形容词性物主代词；21题全文为过去时态，用动词过去式；22题there be句型就近原则结合过去时态；23题由now判断用现在进行时；24题用副词作状语；25题由than判断用形容词比较级。
【解析】
16. 句意：中国人已经讲这个故事很多年了。此处特指前文提到的诸葛亮和周瑜的故事，故填定冠词the。
17. 固定搭配ask sb to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”，故填to make。
18. many修饰可数名词复数，man的复数形式为men，故填men。
19. 表示“第三天”需用序数词，three的序数词是third，故填third。
20. 此处修饰名词drums，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，故填their。
21. 全文讲述过去发生的故事，时态为一般过去时，hear的过去式为heard，故填heard。
22. there be句型遵循就近原则，主语a heavy fog是单数，且时态为一般过去时，be动词用was，故填was。
23. 根据时间状语now，此处用现在进行时，结构为“are + 现在分词”，主语Zhuge Liang's soldiers是复数，故填are coming。
24. 此处需用副词修饰整个句子，final的副词形式是Finally，首字母大写，故填Finally。
25. 由后面的than可知，此处用形容词的比较级，much的比较级是more，故填more。
【答案】
16. the 17. to make 18. men 19. third 20. their 21. heard 22. was 23. are coming 24. Finally 25. more
【知识点】
定冠词用法、动词时态与形式、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题为初中英语语法填空真题，围绕“草船借箭”的故事展开，考查冠词、固定搭配、名词复数、序数词、物主代词、动词时态、副词、比较级等基础语法知识，侧重对学生语法规则运用能力的考查，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

一、词汇运用
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
than medicine wake up danger hen
One day, I found a red pill in my room. It looked a bit special, so I asked my mum about it. She said it was 1 for a stomachache. Then I kept it in my room. Several days later, I saw our pet 2 look ill. I thought the pill might help, so I gave it to her. The next day, I 3 and went to check on her. To my surprise, she looked better 4 the day before. I told my mum about it. She was shocked at first. Then she smiled and said, “You’re so kind. But human medicine can be 5 for animals. ” I nodded. I would be more careful next time.

1. medicine 2. hen 3. woke up 4. than 5. dangerous

【分析】
这是一道词汇适当形式填空题，解题思路为：先通读短文理解整体语境，再结合方框给出的5个词语（than、medicine、wake up、danger、hen），根据每个空的语义需求、语法结构，选择合适的词语并调整为正确形式，同时注意每词仅用一次的要求。
【解析】
1. 第一空：前文提到“红色药丸”，妈妈说明它是用于治胃痛的，方框中“medicine（药）”符合语境，直接填原形。
2. 第二空：前文提到“我们的宠物”，方框中“hen（母鸡）”是宠物的一种，符合语境，填原形。
3. 第三空：句意为“第二天我醒来去看她”，方框中“wake up（醒来）”是动词短语，结合过去时态，需变为过去式“woke up”。
4. 第四空：前文有比较级“better（更好）”，比较级需用“than（比）”连接比较对象，故填than。
5. 第五空：句意为“人类的药对动物可能是危险的”，方框中“danger（危险）”是名词，此处需用形容词，故变为“dangerous（危险的）”。
【答案】
1. medicine 2. hen 3. woke up 4. than 5. dangerous
【知识点】
词汇适当形式填空、形容词比较级、动词过去式
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用及简单变形，需结合上下文语义和语法规则解题，难度不大，适合巩固基础词汇的运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

B. 阅读下面的短文,根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空限填一词)。
Some students are talking about their favourite food in the classroom.
My favourite food is 6 ______ (三明治). I often make them at home. They are very 7 ______ (美味的). I also make 8 ______ (薄煎饼) for my parents. My parents say I'm good at cooking. I think they are right. Haha ...
—Betty
I like eating meat like chicken, fish, pork and 9 ______ (羊肉) very much. My mother says I will become too 10 ______ (肥胖的) if I eat too much meat. She asks me to eat some vegetables like 11 ______ (胡萝卜), but I don't like them at all.
—John
My favourite dish is scrambled eggs with tomatoes. My mother often cooks it for me. She 12 ______ (搅打) the eggs first, and then scrambles them with the tomatoes in a pan with a little oil. After that, she adds some 13 ______ (盐). It's always so yummy!
—Mary
My grandma is good at cooking. She uses simple ingredients but cooks very well. I like her 14 ______ (粥) and dumplings. And I also like her 15 ______ (牛肉) noodles. They taste really great.
—Peter

6. sandwiches 7. delicious 8. pancakes 9. mutton 10. fat 11. carrots 12. beats 13. salt 14. porridge 15. beef

【分析】本题为根据汉语提示填写英语单词正确形式的题型，需结合语境判断单词的词性、单复数、时态等，准确匹配对应英语词汇。
【解析】6. “三明治”对应的英语单词是sandwich，此处表示泛指这类食物，用复数形式sandwiches；7. “美味的”是形容词，对应delicious，在句中作表语；8. “薄煎饼”对应pancake，泛指这类食物，用复数pancakes；9. “羊肉”是不可数名词，对应mutton；10. “肥胖的”是形容词，对应fat，too fat表示“太胖”；11. “胡萝卜”是可数名词，此处泛指这类蔬菜，用复数carrots；12. “搅打”对应动词beat，主语是第三人称单数she，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式beats；13. “盐”是不可数名词，对应salt；14. “粥”是不可数名词，对应porridge；15. “牛肉”在此处作定语修饰noodles，用原形beef。
【答案】6. sandwiches 7. delicious 8. pancakes 9. mutton 10. fat 11. carrots 12. beats 13. salt 14. porridge 15. beef
【知识点】英语词汇运用、名词的数、一般现在时
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，涵盖可数名词单复数、不可数名词、形容词、动词第三人称单数等知识点，是初中英语常见的基础题型，难度适中，注重词汇的实际应用。
【难度系数】0.6