C
You have two friends, A and B. Both of them have learned English for some years. Both of them are clever young men, and both are thirsty for learning English. But now they got very different results(成绩) from so many years of study: A can write short letters and read easy news but cannot read passages in the classics(古典作品), while B can read here and there in some classics but cannot write short letters or read easy news. Readers, which of the two friends would you like to be?
I believe you would like to be A, not B. In fact, you should be A. But I am sorry to find that among Chinese learners of English there seem to be more like B than like A. The trouble mainly lies in what to read.
Well, what do you read? What is your chief reading matter(主要读物)? Is it a novel(小说) or a lot of passages written more than a hundred years ago? If it is, I advise you to change it for something else. Your chief reading matter must have been written less than a hundred years ago, a few weeks ago if you can find them. It must be written in very simple English, and it would be the best if the writer is an Englishman or an American.
I am not going to give a list of books here. But I think I have to give some advice. Your chief reading matter need not be a literary masterpiece(文学巨著). The writer doesn't need to be very famous.
You may find that I only talk about what your chief reading matter should be. As a beginner in English, of course you have a book or two for your chief reading matter. And you should also read something else, which may be a little more difficult. But remember: Do not choose those passages written hundreds of years ago.
()38. Why does the writer use two friends as an example?
A. To show a reading problem.
B. To list good points of reading.
C. To attract people to read more.
D. To tell the meaning of reading.
()39. What kind of book does the writer advise?
A. The writer comes from Japan.
B. It was from five hundred years ago.
C. A long and famous classic.
D. The language is easy to understand.
()40. Who may be the readers of the passage?
A. An artist who works in England.
B. A man who studies English deeply.
C. An American who starts to write.
D. A student who starts to learn English.
()41. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. What We Can Read
B. Why Is Reading Important
C. Books You Can’t Miss
D. Writers You Have to Know

38. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“In fact, you should be A. But I am sorry to find that among Chinese learners of English there seem to be more like B than like A. The trouble mainly lies in what to read.”可知，作者用两个朋友作为例子来展示一个阅读问题，即阅读材料不当引发的问题。故选 A。
39. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“It must be written in very simple English, and it would be the best if the writer is an Englishman or an American.”可知，作者建议读者选择语言简单易懂的书来阅读，最好是英国人或美国人写的。故选 D。
40. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段“As a beginner in English, of course you have a book or two for your chief reading matter.”可知，文章的读者可能是刚开始学习英语的学生。故选 D。
41. A 【解析】标题归纳题。根据最后一段“As a beginner in English...remember: Do not choose those passages written hundreds of years ago.”及全文内容可知，本文主要围绕英语学习者应该如何选择阅读材料展开，讨论了阅读材料的选择对于英语学习的重要性，并给出了具体的建议。A 项准确地概括了文章的主旨，即英语学习者应该如何选择阅读材料。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇英语阅读理解题，包含4道选择题，分别考查推理判断、细节理解、标题归纳能力。解题思路如下：
1. 第38题：需分析作者举例的目的，定位例子后的相关内容，明确作者通过例子引出中国英语学习者存在的阅读问题，从而确定答案。
2. 第39题：为细节理解题，直接定位原文中作者对建议书籍的描述，找到关键信息对应选项。
3. 第40题：需推断文章读者，结合全文针对英语学习者的阅读建议及原文提及的“英语初学者”，判断读者身份。
4. 第41题：为标题归纳题，梳理全文主旨，围绕英语学习者阅读材料选择的核心内容，选出最贴合主旨的标题。
【解析】
38. 推理判断题：根据第二段“In fact, you should be A. But I am sorry to find that among Chinese learners of English there seem to be more like B than like A. The trouble mainly lies in what to read.”可知，作者通过两个朋友的例子，引出中国英语学习者在阅读材料选择上存在的问题，目的是展示阅读问题，故选A。
39. 细节理解题：根据第三段“It must be written in very simple English, and it would be the best if the writer is an Englishman or an American.”可知，作者建议选择语言简单易懂的书籍，故选D。
40. 推理判断题：结合全文针对英语学习者的阅读建议，以及最后一段“As a beginner in English, of course you have a book or two for your chief reading matter.”可知，文章的读者可能是刚开始学习英语的学生，故选D。
41. 标题归纳题：全文围绕英语学习者应如何选择合适的阅读材料展开，A项“What We Can Read”准确概括了文章主旨，故选A。
【答案】38.A 39.D 40.D 41.A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】本文是一篇关于英语学习阅读建议的说明文，题型覆盖阅读理解核心考点，考查学生对作者意图、文章细节及主旨的把握，解题时需结合原文关键信息，明确各题型解题方法，难度适中，适合初中阶段英语学习者练习。
【难度系数】0.6

I was in the kitchen when Mum asked me to watch the kids because she had to do the dishes in a restaurant. I knew it was more important than swimming. We now lived in a small old mobile home.
Still, I asked, “Couldn’t Julie watch them?”
“She can help, but she’s only ten. I feel better with a fifteen-year-old at home.”
So, I wasn’t playing in the pool but watching my five-year-old sister and three-year-old brother. As a boy, I usually don’t mind watching the kids. Taking care of children really wasn’t the problem. The problem was the weather. In such hot weather, it was really hard for us.
At about ten o’clock, I took the kids out to play. There were some big gray clouds in the sky but I didn’t think anything of it. After about an hour, I found the sky was turning dark green. It was a real tornado(龙卷风)!
I tried hard to remember what we learned in class. That’s it! If you are outside, find the lowest(最低的) place you can.
Our small mobile home was not a perfect place. I thought of the ditch(沟) not far away. “We have to make it to the ditch.” As Julie picked Dougie up, I got Lyssa and a few towels(毛巾).
It was like what we saw in a movie. People were running for their lives. My legs were on fire. Julie cried as she ran, but I couldn’t hear her because of the loud noise of the tornado—just saw her mouth open as a low sound touched my ears.
“Get down!” I shouted and made everyone lie down, and I covered them with the towels.
Rubbish rained down on us. The noise became louder. I had Dougie under one arm and Lyssa under the other and one hand holding Julie’s arm. The tornado got everything up in the sky, including our towels. We were afraid.
( )42. What did the boy want to do in the beginning?
A. Do the dishes.
B. Clean the kitchen.
C. Go swimming.
D. Help Julie with work.
()43. What does Paragraph 8 try to show?
A. It tells us the tornado made a loud noise.
B. It shows us the tornado was very strong.
C. It introduces a movie about the tornado to us.
D. It teaches us how to keep safe in a tornado.
()44. What kind of boy do you think the writer is?
A. Smart and calm.
B. Polite and careful.
C. Popular and lucky.
D. Friendly and Lively.
()45. What might happen next?
A. How the strong tornado started.
B. How these children stayed safe.
C. How the family found the towels.
D. How the boy got out of the ditch.

42. C 【解析】段落大意题。根据第一段“I knew it was more important than swimming.”可知这个男孩一开始想去游泳。故选 C。
43. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第八段“It was like what we saw in a movie...but I couldn't hear her because of the loud noise of the tornado—just saw her mouth open as a low sound touched my ears.”可知，第八段内容试图表明龙卷风非常猛烈。故选 B。
44. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“I tried hard to remember what we learned in class.”和倒数第二段“‘Get down!’ I shouted and made everyone lie down, and I covered them with the towels.”可知，作者是聪明且冷静的。故选 A。
45. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rubbish rained down on us. The noise became louder...The tornado got everything up in the sky, including our towels. We were afraid.”可知孩子们的处境很危险，因此接下来会讲述这些孩子是如何保持安全的。故选 B。

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文阅读理解，包含4道题目，考查细节理解与推理判断能力。解题思路为：先通读全文把握核心内容（男孩因妈妈要求照顾弟弟妹妹，遭遇龙卷风时冷静应对的经历），再针对每道题回到原文定位关键信息，结合选项逐一分析排除，选出符合原文的答案。
【解析】
42. 细节理解题：根据第一段“I knew it was more important than swimming.”可知，男孩一开始想去游泳，对应选项C。
43. 推理判断题：第八段通过描述龙卷风的巨大声响、类似电影里的危险场景，体现龙卷风的猛烈，对应选项B。
44. 推理判断题：男孩能回忆课堂上学的龙卷风应对方法，还指挥大家趴下并用毛巾遮盖，说明他聪明且冷静，对应选项A。
45. 推理判断题：最后一段描述孩子们在龙卷风中处境危险，接下来应讲述他们如何保持安全，对应选项B。
【答案】
42.C 43.B 44.A 45.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）、阅读理解（推理判断题）
【点评】
本题围绕记叙文设置，考查学生对文章细节的抓取和逻辑推理能力，题目贴合原文内容，需要学生结合文本信息分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6