Ⅴ.词汇检测(每小题1分,共10分)
A)根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词。
1. The bake sale was (成功的) because we worked together and raised money for charity.
2. My little brother (为……斗争) his fear of dogs by petting our neighbour's friendly puppy from time to time.
3. Small acts of kindness, such as donating clothes, can make a big d to build a better world.
4. It's raining heavily now. It's u for me to forget to bring my umbrella.
5. Modern i like smartphones and electric bikes make our lives more convenient and fun.

Ⅴ.A)1. successful 2. fought/fights 3. difference 4. unlucky 5. inventions

【分析】
本题为词汇检测题，需结合句意、汉语提示或首字母，同时考虑词性、时态及固定搭配来填写正确的单词形式。具体思路：1. 根据汉语提示确定对应形容词；2. 根据汉语提示确定动词，结合主语和时态选合适形式；3. 由首字母和固定搭配确定名词；4. 结合句意和首字母确定形容词；5. 由首字母和后文举例确定名词复数。
【解析】
1. 汉语提示“成功的”对应形容词successful，修饰名词sale，符合语境；
2. 汉语提示“为……斗争”对应动词fight，主语my little brother为第三人称单数，时态可采用一般现在时（fights）或一般过去时（fought），均符合语境；
3. 固定搭配make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，结合首字母d确定填difference；
4. 句意“现在雨下得很大，我忘了带伞”，结合首字母u确定形容词unlucky（不幸的）；
5. 后文举例的智能手机、电动自行车属于“发明”，对应名词invention，此处用复数形式inventions，符合语境。
【答案】
Ⅴ.A)1. successful 2. fought/fights 3. difference 4. unlucky 5. inventions
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、单词正确形式
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用，涉及汉语提示、首字母填空及固定搭配，需学生掌握常用单词的词性、形式变化，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

B)用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
6. My parents always encourage me (try) new hobbies, like painting or playing the guitar.
7. She read the instructions (careful) before building the model plane.
8. Writing in my journal helps me organise my (think) and feel more positive every day.
9. My dad became (humour) than he used to be after joining a comedy club, and now dinner is always full of laughter!
10. She warned us not to run in the hallway, or we could trip and hurt (we).

B)6. to try 7. carefully 8. thoughts 9. more humorous 10. ourselves

【分析】
本题为英语词形填空题，需结合固定搭配、词性要求、语法规则（如比较级、反身代词）转换单词形式。解题思路：1. 第6题考查固定搭配，需用动词不定式；2. 第7题修饰动词需用副词；3. 第8题形容词性物主代词后接名词，结合语境用复数；4. 第9题有比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级；5. 第10题主语为we，需用对应反身代词。
【解析】
6. 固定搭配encourage sb to do sth（鼓励某人做某事），故填to try；
7. 此处修饰动词read，需用副词，careful的副词形式为carefully，故填carefully；
8. 形容词性物主代词my后接名词，think的名词形式为thought，此处指多个想法，用复数thoughts，故填thoughts；
9. 由than可知需用形容词比较级，humorous为多音节形容词，比较级为more humorous，故填more humorous；
10. 主语是we，hurt oneself表示“伤到自己”，需用反身代词，we的反身代词为ourselves，故填ourselves。
【答案】
6. to try 7. carefully 8. thoughts 9. more humorous 10. ourselves
【知识点】
动词固定搭配、词性转换、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词形填空题，聚焦核心词法知识点，是中考常考题型，需学生熟练掌握基础语法规则，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅵ. 句子翻译(每小题2分,共10分)
1. 你认为什么可以帮助我们处理这些问题？

2. 我很难独自安装灯泡。

3. 她没有放弃,而是像你一样努力。

4. 你最好多注意你的错误。

5. 这些发现对医生来说并不奇怪。

Ⅵ.1. What do you think can help us deal with the problems?
2. It's difficult for me to put in the light bulb alone.
3. Instead of giving up, she works as hard as you.
4. You had better pay more attention to your mistakes.
5. These findings may come as no surprise to doctors.

【分析】本题为汉译英句子翻译题，需掌握英语常用句型、固定短语及特殊疑问句结构，翻译时要遵循英语表达习惯，准确对应中文含义，注意语序和搭配的正确性。
【解析】1. 中文“你认为什么可以帮助我们处理这些问题？”对应特殊疑问句结构，“你认为”用do you think作插入语，“帮助我们处理”是help us deal with，故译为What do you think can help us deal with the problems?；2. 中文“我很难独自安装灯泡”用固定句型It's difficult for sb to do sth，“安装灯泡”是put in the light bulb，“独自”是alone，故译为It's difficult for me to put in the light bulb alone.；3. 中文“她没有放弃，而是像你一样努力”用Instead of（代替，而不是）后接动名词，“放弃”是give up，“像你一样努力”是works as hard as you，故译为Instead of giving up, she works as hard as you.；4. 中文“你最好多注意你的错误”用固定结构You had better do sth，“注意”是pay attention to，“多”是more，“错误”是mistakes，故译为You had better pay more attention to your mistakes.；5. 中文“这些发现对医生来说并不奇怪”中“这些发现”是These findings，“对...来说并不奇怪”用come as no surprise to，故译为These findings may come as no surprise to doctors.
【答案】Ⅵ.1. What do you think can help us deal with the problems?
2. It's difficult for me to put in the light bulb alone.
3. Instead of giving up, she works as hard as you.
4. You had better pay more attention to your mistakes.
5. These findings may come as no surprise to doctors.
【知识点】固定句型、短语搭配、汉译英
【点评】本题考察基础汉译英的核心表达，涵盖常用句型和短语的运用，是英语学习的基础题型，有助于巩固日常英语表达能力。
【难度系数】0.6