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思维品质 逻辑思维 "Why don't you ever listen?" "You just don't understand me!" "You're of no help at all!" Sound familiar? When you're having a difficult conversation with your parents or friends, accusatory words like those can stop a discussion. As soon as one feels attacked, the defensive(防御的) walls come up, and real communication becomes all but impossible. We focus on the other person's behaviour first, without spending time thinking about and telling why we're feeling hurt. Here lie the differences between "I" and "you" statements.
An "I-statement" is a sentence beginning with the word "I" that tells another person how you are feeling in a clear way. For example, you might say, "I feel ..." or "I become nervous when ..." I-statements are a powerful tool to help you express your feelings to someone else without blaming(责怪) others. "You-statements", such as those listed above, are statements that begin with the word "you", pointing out what other people have done wrong. These statements often mean that the listener is responsible for something.
Why are I-statements important? When you start a conversation by talking about the other person's actions, you're sending the message that they're the problem. For most people, this immediately leads to them becoming defensive and trying to throw blame back onto you. However, starting a sentence with "I" helps us talk about difficult feelings and how the problem is affecting us, and stops other people feeling blamed. This can be seen in the case when you feel left out. Instead of saying "You always leave me out", you can say "I feel hurt when I'm not invited because it feels like I'm not welcome". With this I-statement, you're being honest about your feelings, but you're not presenting them as something the other person did to you. As a result, the listener will experience this as more friendly, opening the possibility of further conversation and hope for a solution.
It's a simple change, but by being a little more careful of how you express yourself, you may find people are more likely to positively listen to you and understand more about what you are trying to say.
5. What does the underlined phrase "accusatory words" mean?
A. Words that attack others.
B. Words to explain reasons.
C. Words that sound familiar.
D. Words to tell the truth.
6. Which of the following might be an "I-statement"?
A. I know that everyone in the family is busy.
B. I am anxious when everything is in a mess.
C. I think you are right by telling me the truth.
D. I feel sad because you don't listen to me carefully.
7. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer support his idea in Paragraph 3?
A. By using sayings.
B. By asking questions.
C. By making a survey.
D. By giving an example.
8. Why does the writer write this passage?
A. To encourage people to use I-statements.
B. To explain when I-statements should be used.
C. To show the disadvantages of you-statements.
D. To suggest being careful of others' you-statements.
思维品质 逻辑思维 "Why don't you ever listen?" "You just don't understand me!" "You're of no help at all!" Sound familiar? When you're having a difficult conversation with your parents or friends, accusatory words like those can stop a discussion. As soon as one feels attacked, the defensive(防御的) walls come up, and real communication becomes all but impossible. We focus on the other person's behaviour first, without spending time thinking about and telling why we're feeling hurt. Here lie the differences between "I" and "you" statements.
An "I-statement" is a sentence beginning with the word "I" that tells another person how you are feeling in a clear way. For example, you might say, "I feel ..." or "I become nervous when ..." I-statements are a powerful tool to help you express your feelings to someone else without blaming(责怪) others. "You-statements", such as those listed above, are statements that begin with the word "you", pointing out what other people have done wrong. These statements often mean that the listener is responsible for something.
Why are I-statements important? When you start a conversation by talking about the other person's actions, you're sending the message that they're the problem. For most people, this immediately leads to them becoming defensive and trying to throw blame back onto you. However, starting a sentence with "I" helps us talk about difficult feelings and how the problem is affecting us, and stops other people feeling blamed. This can be seen in the case when you feel left out. Instead of saying "You always leave me out", you can say "I feel hurt when I'm not invited because it feels like I'm not welcome". With this I-statement, you're being honest about your feelings, but you're not presenting them as something the other person did to you. As a result, the listener will experience this as more friendly, opening the possibility of further conversation and hope for a solution.
It's a simple change, but by being a little more careful of how you express yourself, you may find people are more likely to positively listen to you and understand more about what you are trying to say.
5. What does the underlined phrase "accusatory words" mean?
A. Words that attack others.
B. Words to explain reasons.
C. Words that sound familiar.
D. Words to tell the truth.
6. Which of the following might be an "I-statement"?
A. I know that everyone in the family is busy.
B. I am anxious when everything is in a mess.
C. I think you are right by telling me the truth.
D. I feel sad because you don't listen to me carefully.
7. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer support his idea in Paragraph 3?
A. By using sayings.
B. By asking questions.
C. By making a survey.
D. By giving an example.
8. Why does the writer write this passage?
A. To encourage people to use I-statements.
B. To explain when I-statements should be used.
C. To show the disadvantages of you-statements.
D. To suggest being careful of others' you-statements.
答案
5. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据“‘Why don't you ever listen?’ ‘You just don't understand me!’ ‘You're of no help at all!’”可知,“为什么你从来都不听我说话?”“你根本不了解我!”和“你一点帮助都没有!”这些应是攻击他人的言辞,因此accusatory words意为“攻击他人的言辞”。故选A。
6. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“An ‘I-statement’ is a sentence beginning with the word ‘I’ that tells another person how you are feeling in a clear way.”和“I-statements are a powerful tool to help you express your feelings to someone else without blaming others.”可知,“I陈述”是以“I”开头的句子,它能清楚地告诉他人你的感受,且“I陈述”帮助你向他人表达自己的感受而不责备他人。因此选项B“当一切都乱七八糟的时候,我会感到焦虑。”是一个“I陈述”句。故选B。
7. D 解析:写作手法题。根据“This can be seen in the case when you feel left out. Instead of saying ‘You always leave me out’, you can say ‘I feel hurt when I'm not invited because it feels like I'm not welcome’. With this I-statement ...”可知,第三段通过给出一个当感到自己被排除在外时应如何表达的案例来支持作者的观点。故选D。
8. A 解析:写作意图题。通读全文可知,文章提到了“I陈述”的重要性及如何使用“I陈述”来改善沟通,避免使用指责性的语言。因此可推测作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们使用“I陈述”。故选A。
6. B 解析:推理判断题。根据“An ‘I-statement’ is a sentence beginning with the word ‘I’ that tells another person how you are feeling in a clear way.”和“I-statements are a powerful tool to help you express your feelings to someone else without blaming others.”可知,“I陈述”是以“I”开头的句子,它能清楚地告诉他人你的感受,且“I陈述”帮助你向他人表达自己的感受而不责备他人。因此选项B“当一切都乱七八糟的时候,我会感到焦虑。”是一个“I陈述”句。故选B。
7. D 解析:写作手法题。根据“This can be seen in the case when you feel left out. Instead of saying ‘You always leave me out’, you can say ‘I feel hurt when I'm not invited because it feels like I'm not welcome’. With this I-statement ...”可知,第三段通过给出一个当感到自己被排除在外时应如何表达的案例来支持作者的观点。故选D。
8. A 解析:写作意图题。通读全文可知,文章提到了“I陈述”的重要性及如何使用“I陈述”来改善沟通,避免使用指责性的语言。因此可推测作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们使用“I陈述”。故选A。
解析
【分析】
1. 第5题是词义猜测题，需结合划线短语后的举例内容推断词义：文中划线短语后列举了三句指责他人的话，这些话属于攻击他人的言辞，据此匹配选项。
2. 第6题是推理判断题，先明确“I-statement”的定义：以“I”开头，清晰表达自身感受且不指责他人，再逐一分析选项是否符合该定义。
3. 第7题是写作手法题，需定位第三段内容，查看作者支撑观点的方式：第三段通过“感到被排除在外时如何表达”的实例来论证，据此判断手法。
4. 第8题是主旨大意题，需通读全文，梳理核心内容：文章重点阐述“I-statement”的重要性及作用，据此推断作者写作目的。
【解析】
5. 词义猜测题：根据划线短语后列举的“Why don't you ever listen?”“You just don't understand me!”“You're of no help at all!”这些指责、攻击他人的言辞，可知“accusatory words”意为“攻击他人的言辞”，对应选项A，故选A。
6. 推理判断题：根据原文对“I-statement”的定义“以‘I’开头，清晰表达自身感受且不指责他人”，分析选项：A项未表达自身感受；B项以“I”开头，表达了“一切乱七八糟时感到焦虑”的自身感受，符合定义；C项是表达对他人的评价，非自身感受；D项隐含对对方的指责，不符合“I-statement”不指责他人的要求，故选B。
7. 写作手法题：第三段中作者通过“当你感到被排除在外时，应如何用‘I-statement’表达感受”的实例来支撑观点，属于举例子的手法，对应选项D，故选D。
8. 主旨大意题：全文围绕“I-statement”的定义、重要性及作用展开，强调用“I-statement”可避免指责、促进有效沟通，因此作者的写作目的是鼓励人们使用“I-statements”，对应选项A，故选A。
【答案】
5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、推理判断题、写作手法题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于沟通技巧的议论文，考查阅读理解中不同题型的解题能力，要求学生精准定位原文信息、理解语篇细节与主旨，整体难度适中，是常规的阅读理解题型考查。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第5题是词义猜测题，需结合划线短语后的举例内容推断词义：文中划线短语后列举了三句指责他人的话，这些话属于攻击他人的言辞，据此匹配选项。
2. 第6题是推理判断题，先明确“I-statement”的定义：以“I”开头，清晰表达自身感受且不指责他人，再逐一分析选项是否符合该定义。
3. 第7题是写作手法题，需定位第三段内容，查看作者支撑观点的方式：第三段通过“感到被排除在外时如何表达”的实例来论证，据此判断手法。
4. 第8题是主旨大意题，需通读全文，梳理核心内容：文章重点阐述“I-statement”的重要性及作用，据此推断作者写作目的。
【解析】
5. 词义猜测题：根据划线短语后列举的“Why don't you ever listen?”“You just don't understand me!”“You're of no help at all!”这些指责、攻击他人的言辞，可知“accusatory words”意为“攻击他人的言辞”，对应选项A，故选A。
6. 推理判断题：根据原文对“I-statement”的定义“以‘I’开头，清晰表达自身感受且不指责他人”，分析选项：A项未表达自身感受；B项以“I”开头，表达了“一切乱七八糟时感到焦虑”的自身感受，符合定义；C项是表达对他人的评价，非自身感受；D项隐含对对方的指责，不符合“I-statement”不指责他人的要求，故选B。
7. 写作手法题：第三段中作者通过“当你感到被排除在外时，应如何用‘I-statement’表达感受”的实例来支撑观点，属于举例子的手法，对应选项D，故选D。
8. 主旨大意题：全文围绕“I-statement”的定义、重要性及作用展开，强调用“I-statement”可避免指责、促进有效沟通，因此作者的写作目的是鼓励人们使用“I-statements”，对应选项A，故选A。
【答案】
5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、推理判断题、写作手法题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于沟通技巧的议论文，考查阅读理解中不同题型的解题能力，要求学生精准定位原文信息、理解语篇细节与主旨，整体难度适中，是常规的阅读理解题型考查。
【难度系数】
0.6
