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Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每小题2分,共16分)
A
(2025·常州期中)Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings. These colours are not chosen randomly(随机地). Instead, they are closely connected to history, nature, and social values. Let's explore how these colours are used and what they stand for.
In ancient China, there were five primary colours: cyan(青色), red, yellow, white, and black. Unlike the modern Western primary colour system, these colours were linked to Wu Xing the Five Elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, water. They also stood for directions and seasons. This connection made them more than just pretty colours.
Yellow stood for the earth and the centre. It became the colour of the emperor. In the Tang, Ming, and Qing dynasties, only the royal family
Unit 6提优卷
could wear bright yellow. The emperor's clothes and palace roofs (like those of the Forbidden City) were yellow, showing the highest power.
Red means fire, the south, and summer. It stands for joy and good luck. During the Chinese New Year, people hang red lanterns and give red packets. At weddings, people wear red and use red decorations to keep away bad luck and celebrate new starts. Even today, red is still the top choice for important and happy events.
By mixing the five primary colours, people made secondary colours. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women's clothes.
In art, colours are used to express feelings. Ink paintings use black and white in light to dark shades to show mountains, rivers, and feelings. Blue and white porcelain has a blue design on a white base. It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast(对比) between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture.
1. What does the underlined word "aesthetics" in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. The study of beauty and taste.
B. The study of history and society.
C. The study of colours and shapes.
D. The study of nature and elements.
2. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer talk about secondary colours in the passage?
A. By telling a story of how secondary colours
were invented.
B. By explaining what they are and giving examples.
C. By comparing them with Western secondary colours.
D. By listing problems of using secondary colours.
3. According to the passage, why did blue and white porcelain become a global symbol of Chinese culture?
A. Because it was only used by Chinese emperors.
B. Because making it is very simple.
C. Because it has special Eastern beauty and was spread widely.
D. Because it uses all five traditional primary colours.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the passage mainly about?
A. The history of Chinese ink paintings.
B. The making of blue and white porcelain.
C. The cultural meanings and uses of traditional Chinese colours.
D. The differences between Chinese and Western colour systems.
A
(2025·常州期中)Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings. These colours are not chosen randomly(随机地). Instead, they are closely connected to history, nature, and social values. Let's explore how these colours are used and what they stand for.
In ancient China, there were five primary colours: cyan(青色), red, yellow, white, and black. Unlike the modern Western primary colour system, these colours were linked to Wu Xing the Five Elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, water. They also stood for directions and seasons. This connection made them more than just pretty colours.
Yellow stood for the earth and the centre. It became the colour of the emperor. In the Tang, Ming, and Qing dynasties, only the royal family
Unit 6提优卷
could wear bright yellow. The emperor's clothes and palace roofs (like those of the Forbidden City) were yellow, showing the highest power.
Red means fire, the south, and summer. It stands for joy and good luck. During the Chinese New Year, people hang red lanterns and give red packets. At weddings, people wear red and use red decorations to keep away bad luck and celebrate new starts. Even today, red is still the top choice for important and happy events.
By mixing the five primary colours, people made secondary colours. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women's clothes.
In art, colours are used to express feelings. Ink paintings use black and white in light to dark shades to show mountains, rivers, and feelings. Blue and white porcelain has a blue design on a white base. It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast(对比) between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture.
1. What does the underlined word "aesthetics" in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. The study of beauty and taste.
B. The study of history and society.
C. The study of colours and shapes.
D. The study of nature and elements.
2. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer talk about secondary colours in the passage?
A. By telling a story of how secondary colours
were invented.
B. By explaining what they are and giving examples.
C. By comparing them with Western secondary colours.
D. By listing problems of using secondary colours.
3. According to the passage, why did blue and white porcelain become a global symbol of Chinese culture?
A. Because it was only used by Chinese emperors.
B. Because making it is very simple.
C. Because it has special Eastern beauty and was spread widely.
D. Because it uses all five traditional primary colours.
4. 语言能力 归纳能力 What is the passage mainly about?
A. The history of Chinese ink paintings.
B. The making of blue and white porcelain.
C. The cultural meanings and uses of traditional Chinese colours.
D. The differences between Chinese and Western colour systems.
答案
Ⅲ. 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国传统色彩在中国美学中的重要作用,以及它们所承载的深厚文化内涵。
1. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”可知,中国传统色彩在中国美学中扮演着关键角色,且它们不仅仅是美丽的色调,还具有深厚的文化意义。由此可推测,“aesthetics”指的是与美和品味相关的研究。故选 A。
2. B 解析:写作手法题。根据第五段“By mixing the five primary colours, people made secondary colours. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women's clothes.”可知,作者通过解释什么是次要色彩,并举例说明绿色和粉色的来源及意义来谈论次要色彩。故选 B。
3. C 解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段“Blue and white porcelain has a blue design on a white base. It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture.”可知,青花瓷通过丝绸之路闻名世界,深蓝色和亮白色的对比创造出一种干净而永恒的美,具有特殊的东方魅力,因此它成为了中国文化的全球象征。故选 C。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”以及全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了中国传统色彩的文化意义和用途。故选 C。
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国传统色彩在中国美学中的重要作用,以及它们所承载的深厚文化内涵。
1. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”可知,中国传统色彩在中国美学中扮演着关键角色,且它们不仅仅是美丽的色调,还具有深厚的文化意义。由此可推测,“aesthetics”指的是与美和品味相关的研究。故选 A。
2. B 解析:写作手法题。根据第五段“By mixing the five primary colours, people made secondary colours. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women's clothes.”可知,作者通过解释什么是次要色彩,并举例说明绿色和粉色的来源及意义来谈论次要色彩。故选 B。
3. C 解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段“Blue and white porcelain has a blue design on a white base. It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture.”可知,青花瓷通过丝绸之路闻名世界,深蓝色和亮白色的对比创造出一种干净而永恒的美,具有特殊的东方魅力,因此它成为了中国文化的全球象征。故选 C。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colours play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”以及全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了中国传统色彩的文化意义和用途。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇介绍中国传统色彩文化的说明文，我们可以按题型逐个梳理解题思路：
1. 第一题是词义猜测题，先定位划线词所在的第一段，后文紧接着说明这些颜色不只是美丽的色调，还有深层文化含义，和“审美、美感”直接相关，对比选项就能排除明显不符的内容锁定答案。
2. 第二题是写作手法题，定位到介绍二次色的第五段，梳理作者行文逻辑：先解释二次色的生成方式，之后举了绿色、粉色的来源和象征含义的例子，完全没有讲故事、对比西方二次色、列举使用问题的内容，直接对应正确选项。
3. 第三题是细节理解题，定位最后一段关于青花瓷的描述，提取原文中“通过丝绸之路传播、有独特东方美感”的核心信息，直接排除无中生有的错误选项即可。
4. 第四题是主旨大意题，开篇就点明文章核心是介绍中国传统颜色的文化内涵和使用场景，其余选项都是文章的局部细节，并非全文核心，很容易排除。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段划线词后的内容“they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings”，可知中国传统色彩和审美、美感直接相关，由此推断aesthetics指代和美与品味相关的研究，B（历史社会研究）、C（色彩形状研究）、D（自然元素研究）均不符合语境，故选A。
2. 写作手法题：定位第五段，作者首先说明二次色是由五种传统原色混合得到的，之后分别列举了绿色、粉色的调配方式、代表含义和使用场景，没有讲述二次色的发明故事、和西方二次色对比、列举使用问题的相关内容，因此作者是通过解释概念+举例子的方式介绍二次色，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据最后一段内容，青花瓷通过丝绸之路享誉全球，深蓝与亮白的对比营造出带有独特东方魔力的干净隽永的美感，因此成为中国文化的全球象征。A选项“仅被中国皇帝使用”原文未提及，B选项“制作工艺非常简单”无相关表述，D选项“用到全部五种传统原色”不符合原文内容，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文开篇点明中国传统色彩不仅美观更承载深厚文化内涵，后续分别介绍了传统五色对应的五行、象征意义、使用场景，二次色的由来和含义，以及色彩在艺术中的应用，核心围绕中国传统色彩的文化意义和用途展开。A的水墨画历史、B的青花瓷制作都只是文章局部内容，D的中西色彩体系差异仅在第二段一笔带过并非核心，故选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节理解，主旨归纳
【点评】
这是一篇融入中华优秀传统文化的说明类阅读，考点覆盖了阅读理解常考的四类典型题型，既考查学生的信息定位和文本解读能力，也能帮助学生了解中国传统色彩背后的文化内涵，引导学生规避把局部内容当成全文主旨的常见解题错误。
【难度系数】
0.75
拿到这篇介绍中国传统色彩文化的说明文，我们可以按题型逐个梳理解题思路：
1. 第一题是词义猜测题，先定位划线词所在的第一段，后文紧接着说明这些颜色不只是美丽的色调，还有深层文化含义，和“审美、美感”直接相关，对比选项就能排除明显不符的内容锁定答案。
2. 第二题是写作手法题，定位到介绍二次色的第五段，梳理作者行文逻辑：先解释二次色的生成方式，之后举了绿色、粉色的来源和象征含义的例子，完全没有讲故事、对比西方二次色、列举使用问题的内容，直接对应正确选项。
3. 第三题是细节理解题，定位最后一段关于青花瓷的描述，提取原文中“通过丝绸之路传播、有独特东方美感”的核心信息，直接排除无中生有的错误选项即可。
4. 第四题是主旨大意题，开篇就点明文章核心是介绍中国传统颜色的文化内涵和使用场景，其余选项都是文章的局部细节，并非全文核心，很容易排除。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段划线词后的内容“they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings”，可知中国传统色彩和审美、美感直接相关，由此推断aesthetics指代和美与品味相关的研究，B（历史社会研究）、C（色彩形状研究）、D（自然元素研究）均不符合语境，故选A。
2. 写作手法题：定位第五段，作者首先说明二次色是由五种传统原色混合得到的，之后分别列举了绿色、粉色的调配方式、代表含义和使用场景，没有讲述二次色的发明故事、和西方二次色对比、列举使用问题的相关内容，因此作者是通过解释概念+举例子的方式介绍二次色，故选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据最后一段内容，青花瓷通过丝绸之路享誉全球，深蓝与亮白的对比营造出带有独特东方魔力的干净隽永的美感，因此成为中国文化的全球象征。A选项“仅被中国皇帝使用”原文未提及，B选项“制作工艺非常简单”无相关表述，D选项“用到全部五种传统原色”不符合原文内容，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文开篇点明中国传统色彩不仅美观更承载深厚文化内涵，后续分别介绍了传统五色对应的五行、象征意义、使用场景，二次色的由来和含义，以及色彩在艺术中的应用，核心围绕中国传统色彩的文化意义和用途展开。A的水墨画历史、B的青花瓷制作都只是文章局部内容，D的中西色彩体系差异仅在第二段一笔带过并非核心，故选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节理解，主旨归纳
【点评】
这是一篇融入中华优秀传统文化的说明类阅读，考点覆盖了阅读理解常考的四类典型题型，既考查学生的信息定位和文本解读能力，也能帮助学生了解中国传统色彩背后的文化内涵，引导学生规避把局部内容当成全文主旨的常见解题错误。
【难度系数】
0.75
