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Passage 16
Losing something important can be a very anxious experience. If someone finds it and returns it to you, it is often a great relief. Authorities in Guangzhou have created a new regulation(规定) to encourage more people to return lost items.
The regulation says that people who hand in lost belongings will get 10 per cent of the item's value as a reward from public security authorities(公安部门). If the owner can't be found, the finder will still be rewarded with 10 per cent of the item's value after it is sold at a public auction(拍卖). The rewards will come from government funding.
The regulation has caused heated public debate. Opponents say that it will rob the act of its nobility(高尚), adding that such good behaviour should be done out of selflessness, Qianjiang Evening News reported.
However, there are also people who welcome the regulation, saying it will encourage more people to do the right thing, Beijing Daily reported. After all, not everybody is willing to return lost property(财物) to its owner. Finders will have to take care of lost items and spend time looking for their owners. The regulation gives finders the right to ask for a reward, which is in the best interest of both parties.
Countries like Japan and Germany already have similar laws. According to Japan's Lost Goods Law, people who find a lost item should quickly return it to the owner or turn it over to the police. The owner should provide the finder with a reward of 5 to 20 per cent of the item's value.
(
A. How opinions are divided on the regulation.
B. Who is likely to support the regulation.
C. How finders can get a reward.
D. Why the regulation is necessary.
(
A. China is not the first country to reward finders of lost items.
B. Finders will be punished for not returning lost items.
C. The reward will come from the owner of the lost item.
D. The new regulation shows that people are selfish.
(
A. Regulation on getting paid
B. Returned property
C. Selfless behaviour
D. Get paid to do good
Losing something important can be a very anxious experience. If someone finds it and returns it to you, it is often a great relief. Authorities in Guangzhou have created a new regulation(规定) to encourage more people to return lost items.
The regulation says that people who hand in lost belongings will get 10 per cent of the item's value as a reward from public security authorities(公安部门). If the owner can't be found, the finder will still be rewarded with 10 per cent of the item's value after it is sold at a public auction(拍卖). The rewards will come from government funding.
The regulation has caused heated public debate. Opponents say that it will rob the act of its nobility(高尚), adding that such good behaviour should be done out of selflessness, Qianjiang Evening News reported.
However, there are also people who welcome the regulation, saying it will encourage more people to do the right thing, Beijing Daily reported. After all, not everybody is willing to return lost property(财物) to its owner. Finders will have to take care of lost items and spend time looking for their owners. The regulation gives finders the right to ask for a reward, which is in the best interest of both parties.
Countries like Japan and Germany already have similar laws. According to Japan's Lost Goods Law, people who find a lost item should quickly return it to the owner or turn it over to the police. The owner should provide the finder with a reward of 5 to 20 per cent of the item's value.
(
D
) 1.What does Paragraph 4 explain?A. How opinions are divided on the regulation.
B. Who is likely to support the regulation.
C. How finders can get a reward.
D. Why the regulation is necessary.
(
A
) 2.What do we know from the passage?A. China is not the first country to reward finders of lost items.
B. Finders will be punished for not returning lost items.
C. The reward will come from the owner of the lost item.
D. The new regulation shows that people are selfish.
(
D
) 3.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Regulation on getting paid
B. Returned property
C. Selfless behaviour
D. Get paid to do good
答案
1.D 2.A 3.D
解析
【分析】
做这道阅读理解题，我们可以按照先读题干、再回文定位、逐一比对排除选项的思路来解题：
1. 第1题问第四段的段落主旨，首先定位到第四段，第三段已经介绍了反对新规的观点，第四段开头转折引出支持新规群体的理由，梳理内容可知支持方提到不是所有人都愿意主动归还失物，拾得者还要花费精力保管物品、寻找失主，新规保障了双方的权益，本质是在解释出台这项新规的必要性，逐一排除和段落内容不符的选项就能选出正确答案。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，把每个选项都带回原文对应位置核对：比如最后一段提到日本、德国已经有类似的法律，就能对应判断A选项的正误，再逐一排查其余选项和原文表述不符的地方，排除错误项。
3. 第3题是标题选择的主旨题，需要抓住全文核心：文章围绕广州出台的“归还遗失物可获得对应价值奖励”的新规展开，讨论该规定的合理性，核心是鼓励大家做好事归还失物，同时拾得者可以获得合理回报，选出最贴合全文核心的标题即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题：
选项A：“对该规定的意见是如何分化的”，第三段讲反对观点、第四段只讲支持观点的理由，并没有展示意见分化的过程，排除；
选项B：“谁有可能支持这项规定”，第四段并未提及支持新规的具体人群，只是阐述支持的理由，排除；
选项C：“拾得者如何获得奖励”，相关内容在第二段，和第四段无关，排除；
选项D：“为什么这项规定是有必要的”，第四段通过说明拾得者归还失物需要付出时间精力、新规兼顾双方利益，解释了新规出台的必要性，符合段落内容，故选D。
2. 第2题：
选项A：“中国不是第一个给遗失物拾得者奖励的国家”，文章最后一段提到日本、德国早已有类似的相关法律，说明中国确实不是首个出台这类规定的国家，表述正确；
选项B：“拾得者不归还遗失物会受到惩罚”，全文没有提及相关惩罚的内容，无中生有，排除；
选项C：“奖励来自遗失物的所有者”，原文第二段明确说明奖励来自政府资金，表述错误，排除；
选项D：“这项新规说明人们是自私的”，新规只是鼓励更多人做好事，不能推导得出人们都是自私的结论，表述错误，排除。
3. 第3题：
选项A：“关于获得报酬的规定”，没有提及“归还失物、做好事”的核心内容，过于片面，排除；
选项B：“被归还的财物”，偏离全文讨论新规鼓励归还失物可获奖励的核心主题，排除；
选项C：“无私的行为”，只对应反对者提到的观点，不能概括全文内容，排除；
选项D：“做好事获得报酬”，精准概括了全文“归还遗失物这种善举可以获得合理奖励”的核心内容，适合作为标题，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解；阅读理解主旨归纳；语篇信息定位
【点评】
本题属于社会热点类说明文阅读，话题贴近现实生活，既考查学生快速定位文本细节、甄别正误的能力，也考查学生对段落主旨、全文核心主题的提炼能力，需要学生避免以偏概全的误区，区分不同段落的表意侧重，不要把局部信息错当成全文核心。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这道阅读理解题，我们可以按照先读题干、再回文定位、逐一比对排除选项的思路来解题：
1. 第1题问第四段的段落主旨，首先定位到第四段，第三段已经介绍了反对新规的观点，第四段开头转折引出支持新规群体的理由，梳理内容可知支持方提到不是所有人都愿意主动归还失物，拾得者还要花费精力保管物品、寻找失主，新规保障了双方的权益，本质是在解释出台这项新规的必要性，逐一排除和段落内容不符的选项就能选出正确答案。
2. 第2题是细节理解题，把每个选项都带回原文对应位置核对：比如最后一段提到日本、德国已经有类似的法律，就能对应判断A选项的正误，再逐一排查其余选项和原文表述不符的地方，排除错误项。
3. 第3题是标题选择的主旨题，需要抓住全文核心：文章围绕广州出台的“归还遗失物可获得对应价值奖励”的新规展开，讨论该规定的合理性，核心是鼓励大家做好事归还失物，同时拾得者可以获得合理回报，选出最贴合全文核心的标题即可。
【解析】
1. 第1题：
选项A：“对该规定的意见是如何分化的”，第三段讲反对观点、第四段只讲支持观点的理由，并没有展示意见分化的过程，排除；
选项B：“谁有可能支持这项规定”，第四段并未提及支持新规的具体人群，只是阐述支持的理由，排除；
选项C：“拾得者如何获得奖励”，相关内容在第二段，和第四段无关，排除；
选项D：“为什么这项规定是有必要的”，第四段通过说明拾得者归还失物需要付出时间精力、新规兼顾双方利益，解释了新规出台的必要性，符合段落内容，故选D。
2. 第2题：
选项A：“中国不是第一个给遗失物拾得者奖励的国家”，文章最后一段提到日本、德国早已有类似的相关法律，说明中国确实不是首个出台这类规定的国家，表述正确；
选项B：“拾得者不归还遗失物会受到惩罚”，全文没有提及相关惩罚的内容，无中生有，排除；
选项C：“奖励来自遗失物的所有者”，原文第二段明确说明奖励来自政府资金，表述错误，排除；
选项D：“这项新规说明人们是自私的”，新规只是鼓励更多人做好事，不能推导得出人们都是自私的结论，表述错误，排除。
3. 第3题：
选项A：“关于获得报酬的规定”，没有提及“归还失物、做好事”的核心内容，过于片面，排除；
选项B：“被归还的财物”，偏离全文讨论新规鼓励归还失物可获奖励的核心主题，排除；
选项C：“无私的行为”，只对应反对者提到的观点，不能概括全文内容，排除；
选项D：“做好事获得报酬”，精准概括了全文“归还遗失物这种善举可以获得合理奖励”的核心内容，适合作为标题，故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解；阅读理解主旨归纳；语篇信息定位
【点评】
本题属于社会热点类说明文阅读，话题贴近现实生活，既考查学生快速定位文本细节、甄别正误的能力，也考查学生对段落主旨、全文核心主题的提炼能力，需要学生避免以偏概全的误区，区分不同段落的表意侧重，不要把局部信息错当成全文核心。
【难度系数】
0.7
