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阅读理解(共40分)
二、阅读理解(本题有15小题,每小题2分,共计30分)
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·嘉兴)
After staying at the International Space Station for nine months, American astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore finally returned to the earth. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft(航天器) took them home.
Williams and Wilmore arrived on the ISS in June 2024 for a week-long trip. However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.
Life for the two astronauts in space was busy. They spent over 900 hours on science studies and did experiments that will help with future medical development. Williams also finished two spacewalks, bringing her total to nine—a new record for women astronauts.
To keep their bodies from getting too weak in the zero-gravity(零重力) environment, the astronauts exercised for at least two hours a day. They used special tools to copy the feeling of working out on earth.
“We’re doing pretty well, actually. We’ve got food, we’ve got clothes. Both of us have trained to live and work on the International Space Station, and I think we’ve made the most of it,” said Williams.
Even with their efforts, they still became weaker. What’s more, Space travellers experience 100 times more radiation(辐射) than people on earth, which may increase their risk of illness in the future.
The two astronauts not only worked in space but also did other things. For example, they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.
(
A. They had to do more experiments.
B. The ISS asked them to finish science studies.
C. There was something wrong with their spacecraft.
D. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft arrived late to pick them up.
(
①The bad weather. ②The strong radiation.
③The zero-gravity environment. ④The simple food and clothes.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ②④
(
A. By making video calls. B. By taking spacewalks.
C. By doing experiments. D. By copying the feeling on earth.
二、阅读理解(本题有15小题,每小题2分,共计30分)
阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·嘉兴)
After staying at the International Space Station for nine months, American astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore finally returned to the earth. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft(航天器) took them home.
Williams and Wilmore arrived on the ISS in June 2024 for a week-long trip. However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.
Life for the two astronauts in space was busy. They spent over 900 hours on science studies and did experiments that will help with future medical development. Williams also finished two spacewalks, bringing her total to nine—a new record for women astronauts.
To keep their bodies from getting too weak in the zero-gravity(零重力) environment, the astronauts exercised for at least two hours a day. They used special tools to copy the feeling of working out on earth.
“We’re doing pretty well, actually. We’ve got food, we’ve got clothes. Both of us have trained to live and work on the International Space Station, and I think we’ve made the most of it,” said Williams.
Even with their efforts, they still became weaker. What’s more, Space travellers experience 100 times more radiation(辐射) than people on earth, which may increase their risk of illness in the future.
The two astronauts not only worked in space but also did other things. For example, they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.
(
C
)16. Why did Williams and Wilmore stay at the ISS for nine months?A. They had to do more experiments.
B. The ISS asked them to finish science studies.
C. There was something wrong with their spacecraft.
D. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft arrived late to pick them up.
(
B
)17. Which may cause problems for the health of the astronauts according to the passage?①The bad weather. ②The strong radiation.
③The zero-gravity environment. ④The simple food and clothes.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ②④
(
A
)18. How did Williams and Wilmore communicate with their families?A. By making video calls. B. By taking spacewalks.
C. By doing experiments. D. By copying the feeling on earth.
答案
16.C 17.B 18.A
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解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解细节题，需先明确题干问题指向，再带着问题回到原文定位相关语句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，排除错误选项后选出最佳答案。具体到各题：第16题需定位停留9个月的原因，第17题需定位影响宇航员健康的因素，第18题需定位与家人沟通的方式。
【解析】
16题：根据原文第二段“However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.”可知，他们的航天器出现问题，导致停留时间变长，对应选项C。
17题：原文第四段提到零重力环境会使宇航员身体变弱，第六段提到太空辐射会增加未来患病风险，因此②③是影响健康的因素，对应选项B。
18题：根据原文最后一段“they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.”可知，他们通过视频电话与家人沟通，对应选项A。
【答案】
16.C 17.B 18.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解题）
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解中的细节理解类题目，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目难度较低，只要能准确找到对应原文即可选出正确答案，适合巩固基础阅读技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类英语阅读理解细节题，需先明确题干问题指向，再带着问题回到原文定位相关语句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，排除错误选项后选出最佳答案。具体到各题：第16题需定位停留9个月的原因，第17题需定位影响宇航员健康的因素，第18题需定位与家人沟通的方式。
【解析】
16题：根据原文第二段“However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.”可知，他们的航天器出现问题，导致停留时间变长，对应选项C。
17题：原文第四段提到零重力环境会使宇航员身体变弱，第六段提到太空辐射会增加未来患病风险，因此②③是影响健康的因素，对应选项B。
18题：根据原文最后一段“they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.”可知，他们通过视频电话与家人沟通，对应选项A。
【答案】
16.C 17.B 18.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解题）
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解中的细节理解类题目，侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目难度较低，只要能准确找到对应原文即可选出正确答案，适合巩固基础阅读技巧。
【难度系数】
0.8
