十一 新情境 科普知识 天气对生活的影响无处不在，了解天气知识很有必要。阅读短文，完成下列任务。（16分）
There are many kinds of weather in the world. It affects(影响) our lives every day. So it's important to know about the weather. Let's talk about typhoons(台风).
Swish! Swoosh! A typhoon is very bad weather. It is a large storm that happens in the sea. It has very strong winds and brings a lot of rain. You might hear people call strong storms hurricanes(飓风). Hurricanes are the same kind of storm as typhoons, but they happen in different parts of the world.
Hurricanes are big. They can cover 800 km, from one town to another. The winds in a typhoon blow round and round. The centre of a hurricane is called the "eye". The winds there aren't strong. Heavy rain and strong winds from hurricanes can cause floods. They can cause a lot of damage to houses and trees. Before a typhoon arrives, people should prepare food, water, and first-aid supplies.
People usually name typhoons. It's very helpful. Those people who study the weather can easily follow and predict a typhoon's path(行进路径) when it has a name. It also helps people get important information, like when to leave their homes
and find a safe place to stay.
(一)根据短文内容，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。(6分)
()1. A typhoon is a large storm that happens on the land.
()2. Typhoons and hurricanes are the same kind of storm.
()3. Hurricanes may bring floods and break houses and trees.
(二)根据短文内容，选择正确答案。(8分)
()1. Why is it important for us to know about the weather?
A. Because the weather is always bad.
B. Because the weather affects our lives.
C. Because there are many kinds of weather.
()2. What is the "eye" of a hurricane?
A. The wind part of the storm.
B. The centre part of the storm.
C. The rain part of the storm.
()3. 新考法 熟词生义 What does the underlined word "name" mean in Chinese?
A. 名字 B. 给……起名字 C. 预测
()4. Where may the passage come from?
A. A storybook.
B. A news magazine.
C. A science magazine.
(三)回答问题。(2分)
新考法 开放问答 What should people do when there is a typhoon?

(一)1. F 2. T 3. T
(二)1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C
(三)示例: People should prepare enough food, water and first-aid supplies at home. They should close all the windows tightly and not go outside. (答案不唯一,合理即可)

【分析】
本题为科普类英语阅读理解题，分为判断正误、单项选择、开放问答三部分。解题思路如下：1. 判断正误题：需定位原文对应句子，对比题干描述与原文是否一致，判断对错；2. 单项选择题：根据题干关键词定位原文，找到对应信息，排除错误选项得出答案；3. 开放问答题：结合原文提到的台风应对措施，补充合理做法即可。
【解析】
(一)判断正误：
1. 定位原文第二段“A typhoon is very bad weather. It is a large storm that happens in the sea.”可知台风发生在海上，而非陆地，故题干错误，答案为F。
2. 定位原文第二段“Hurricanes are the same kind of storm as typhoons”可知台风和飓风是同一种风暴，题干正确，答案为T。
3. 定位原文第三段“Heavy rain and strong winds from hurricanes can cause floods. They can cause a lot of damage to houses and trees.”可知飓风会带来洪水、损坏房屋和树木，题干正确，答案为T。
(二)单项选择：
1. 定位原文第一段“It affects our lives every day. So it's important to know about the weather.”可知了解天气重要是因为天气影响生活，选B。
2. 定位原文第三段“The centre of a hurricane is called the 'eye'.”可知“eye”是飓风的中心部分，选B。
3. 原文中“name”作动词，结合语境“People usually name typhoons. It's very helpful. Those who study weather can easily follow a typhoon's path when it has a name”可知此处意为“给……起名字”，选B。
4. 文章介绍台风、飓风等天气科普知识，最可能来自科学杂志，选C。
(三)开放问答：结合原文第三段“Before a typhoon arrives, people should prepare food, water, and first-aid supplies”，补充合理做法（如关窗、不外出）即可，示例符合要求。
【答案】
(一)1.F 2.T 3.T
(二)1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C
(三)示例: People should prepare enough food, water and first-aid supplies at home. They should close all the windows tightly and not go outside.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题结合天气科普新情境，考查学生对英语短文的细节提取、词义猜测及信息运用能力，题型全面，符合初中英语阅读理解的考查要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7