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五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
(2025·江苏徐州鼓楼区期中)
Many people leave their hometowns to work in big cities. Zhang Bin, 1 46-year-old man from Huaihua, is one of them. He 2 (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou. He 3 (real) misses his hometown.
More and more hometowns are developing 4 (fast) than before. Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and 5 (bridge). This has made travelling between villages 6 cities much easier. Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin is now able 7 (open) an online shop that sells delicious food 8 his hometown.
Zhang Bin thinks the changes in his hometown are great. He is very happy about the new school in his village. 9 , he believes that one thing will never change—the lovely old tree. The hometown is the place that holds 10 (he) best memories.
1.
6.
(2025·江苏徐州鼓楼区期中)
Many people leave their hometowns to work in big cities. Zhang Bin, 1 46-year-old man from Huaihua, is one of them. He 2 (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou. He 3 (real) misses his hometown.
More and more hometowns are developing 4 (fast) than before. Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and 5 (bridge). This has made travelling between villages 6 cities much easier. Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin is now able 7 (open) an online shop that sells delicious food 8 his hometown.
Zhang Bin thinks the changes in his hometown are great. He is very happy about the new school in his village. 9 , he believes that one thing will never change—the lovely old tree. The hometown is the place that holds 10 (he) best memories.
1.
a
2. works
3. really
4. faster
5. bridges
6.
and
7. to open
8. from
9. However
10. his
答案
五、1. a 2. works 3. really 4. faster 5. bridges
6. and 7. to open 8. from 9. However 10. his
6. and 7. to open 8. from 9. However 10. his
解析
【分析】
做这类语篇型语法填空题，首先第一步先通读全文，把握文章核心主题：本文讲述了外出务工的张斌见证家乡发展，最终选择开网店售卖家乡特产的故事，整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、语境逻辑推导答案：
1. 第一空后面是首次出现的泛指“一位46岁的男士”，46-year-old发音以辅音音素开头，需填不定冠词；
2. 第二空主语He是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要变形为三单形式；
3. 第三空后面是动词misses，修饰动词需要用副词形式；
4. 第四空后面有明显的比较级标志词than，形容词fast要变为比较级；
5. 第五空和并列连词and前的可数名词复数roads保持形式一致，bridge要变为复数；
6. 第六空是固定搭配between...and...，表示“在……和……之间”，连接villages和cities两个并列成分；
7. 第七空是固定结构be able to do sth.，表示“能够做某事”，后面接不定式；
8. 第八空要表达“来自己家乡的美食”，结合语境填介词from；
9. 第九空前文说家乡变化很大令人欣喜，后文说有一样事物永远不会改变，是转折逻辑，且空后有逗号隔开，需填转折副词；
10. 第十空后面是名词memories，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
【解析】
1. 此处表示泛指“一位46岁的男子”，46-year-old 发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2. 全文时态为一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词work要变为第三人称单数形式works。
3. 此处修饰动词misses，需要将形容词real变为副词形式really。
4. 句中出现比较级标志词than，说明此处要使用副词fast的比较级faster，表示“发展得比以前更快”。
5. 并列连词and前后形式要一致，前面的并列成分roads是可数名词复数，因此bridge也要变为复数形式bridges。
6. 此处是固定搭配between villages and cities，意为“乡村和城市之间”，故填并列连词and。
7. 此处考查固定搭配be able to do sth. 意为“能够做某事”，因此填不定式to open。
8. 此处表达“售卖来自己家乡的美食”，介词from表示“来自”，符合语境，故填from。
9. 前文提到家乡发生了诸多令人欣喜的变化，后文指出有一件事永远不会改变，前后是转折逻辑，空后有逗号隔开，位于句首首字母大写，故填However。
10. 此处修饰名词memories，要将人称代词he变为形容词性物主代词his，故填his。
【答案】
1. a 2. works 3. really 4. faster 5. bridges
6. and 7. to open 8. from 9. However 10. his
【知识点】
不定冠词用法，词形转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础语篇填空题型，所有考点均为八年级阶段核心高频考点，覆盖冠词、形容词副词转换、名词复数、比较级、固定搭配、物主代词、转折连词等基础语法点，难度适中，只要学生掌握基础语法规则、结合语境逻辑推导就能顺利得分，需要注意部分学生容易忽略并列结构形式一致、句首副词大写这类细节失分点。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类语篇型语法填空题，首先第一步先通读全文，把握文章核心主题：本文讲述了外出务工的张斌见证家乡发展，最终选择开网店售卖家乡特产的故事，整体时态为一般现在时。接下来逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、语境逻辑推导答案：
1. 第一空后面是首次出现的泛指“一位46岁的男士”，46-year-old发音以辅音音素开头，需填不定冠词；
2. 第二空主语He是第三人称单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词要变形为三单形式；
3. 第三空后面是动词misses，修饰动词需要用副词形式；
4. 第四空后面有明显的比较级标志词than，形容词fast要变为比较级；
5. 第五空和并列连词and前的可数名词复数roads保持形式一致，bridge要变为复数；
6. 第六空是固定搭配between...and...，表示“在……和……之间”，连接villages和cities两个并列成分；
7. 第七空是固定结构be able to do sth.，表示“能够做某事”，后面接不定式；
8. 第八空要表达“来自己家乡的美食”，结合语境填介词from；
9. 第九空前文说家乡变化很大令人欣喜，后文说有一样事物永远不会改变，是转折逻辑，且空后有逗号隔开，需填转折副词；
10. 第十空后面是名词memories，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
【解析】
1. 此处表示泛指“一位46岁的男子”，46-year-old 发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2. 全文时态为一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词work要变为第三人称单数形式works。
3. 此处修饰动词misses，需要将形容词real变为副词形式really。
4. 句中出现比较级标志词than，说明此处要使用副词fast的比较级faster，表示“发展得比以前更快”。
5. 并列连词and前后形式要一致，前面的并列成分roads是可数名词复数，因此bridge也要变为复数形式bridges。
6. 此处是固定搭配between villages and cities，意为“乡村和城市之间”，故填并列连词and。
7. 此处考查固定搭配be able to do sth. 意为“能够做某事”，因此填不定式to open。
8. 此处表达“售卖来自己家乡的美食”，介词from表示“来自”，符合语境，故填from。
9. 前文提到家乡发生了诸多令人欣喜的变化，后文指出有一件事永远不会改变，前后是转折逻辑，空后有逗号隔开，位于句首首字母大写，故填However。
10. 此处修饰名词memories，要将人称代词he变为形容词性物主代词his，故填his。
【答案】
1. a 2. works 3. really 4. faster 5. bridges
6. and 7. to open 8. from 9. However 10. his
【知识点】
不定冠词用法，词形转换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础语篇填空题型，所有考点均为八年级阶段核心高频考点，覆盖冠词、形容词副词转换、名词复数、比较级、固定搭配、物主代词、转折连词等基础语法点，难度适中，只要学生掌握基础语法规则、结合语境逻辑推导就能顺利得分，需要注意部分学生容易忽略并列结构形式一致、句首副词大写这类细节失分点。
【难度系数】
0.8
六、阅读理解。
Automated(自动化的) kitchens aren't sci-fi scenes from films like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizza, prepare salad and many more. AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has. More advanced(先进的) concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining.
Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work.
The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.
However, there are risks to human well-being(幸福). Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be reduced if human involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative(协作的) kitchen environment.
Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household's science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving.
Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies(将……过于简单化) cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse(各式各样的) dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, resulting in sameness in taste, similar to the strange feel of AI art images across different apps.
Convenience(便利) can come at a great cost, so it's important to consider the possible social disruptions(扰乱) that new technology might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.
(
A. Because they are more interested in automation.
B. Because they can afford the high costs.
C. Because they have more space for robots.
D. Because they want to attract more customers.
(
A. Meeting various demands. B. Saving money on food.
C. Reducing kitchen waste. D. Improving family relationships.
(
A. By replacing human cooks. B. By encouraging home cooking.
C. By focusing on personalized eating. D. By oversimplifying traditional recipes.
(
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Cautious(谨慎的). D. Unclear.
Automated(自动化的) kitchens aren't sci-fi scenes from films like Star Trek. Right now, robots are used to fry chicken, make pizza, prepare salad and many more. AI can invent recipes based on what a kitchen has. More advanced(先进的) concepts are in development to automate kitchens for fine dining.
Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology. Over time, prices are likely to fall enough for the home market, changing how homes and society work.
The benefits of AI kitchens include helping cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. It can free up time, allowing people to focus on more important tasks. For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.
However, there are risks to human well-being(幸福). Cooking is a good activity that helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be reduced if human involvement becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative(协作的) kitchen environment.
Furthermore, the kitchen serves as the household's science laboratory, playing an important role in science education. The art of cooking helps kids learn about materials, chemistry and problem-solving.
Cultural risks must also be considered. For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies(将……过于简单化) cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse(各式各样的) dishes. Depending too heavily on technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, resulting in sameness in taste, similar to the strange feel of AI art images across different apps.
Convenience(便利) can come at a great cost, so it's important to consider the possible social disruptions(扰乱) that new technology might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely tied to our everyday lives.
(
B
)1. Why are restaurants the first to use AI kitchen technology?A. Because they are more interested in automation.
B. Because they can afford the high costs.
C. Because they have more space for robots.
D. Because they want to attract more customers.
(
A
)2. What is one potential benefit of AI kitchens mentioned in the article?A. Meeting various demands. B. Saving money on food.
C. Reducing kitchen waste. D. Improving family relationships.
(
D
)3. How could AI potentially harm cultural diversity in food?A. By replacing human cooks. B. By encouraging home cooking.
C. By focusing on personalized eating. D. By oversimplifying traditional recipes.
(
C
)4. What is the author's attitude towards the widespread use of AI kitchens?A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Cautious(谨慎的). D. Unclear.
答案
六、1. B 【点拨】根据“Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology.”可知，餐厅是第一批使用AI厨房技术的地方，因为餐厅和其他企业能够承担得起高昂的成本。故选B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.”可知，AI厨房的一个潜在好处是能够满足各种不同的饮食需求。故选A。
3. D 【点拨】根据“For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies(将……过于简单化) cultural details.”可知，AI可能会将文化细节过于简单化，从而潜在地损害食品的文化多样性。故选D。
4. C 【点拨】根据最后一段可知，作者对AI厨房的广泛使用持谨慎态度，认为便利可能带来巨大的代价，需要考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱。故选C。
2. A 【点拨】根据“For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand.”可知，AI厨房的一个潜在好处是能够满足各种不同的饮食需求。故选A。
3. D 【点拨】根据“For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies(将……过于简单化) cultural details.”可知，AI可能会将文化细节过于简单化，从而潜在地损害食品的文化多样性。故选D。
4. C 【点拨】根据最后一段可知，作者对AI厨房的广泛使用持谨慎态度，认为便利可能带来巨大的代价，需要考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱。故选C。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科技类说明文阅读理解，解题时首先要先通读全文，明确文章围绕AI自动化厨房的优势、潜在风险展开论述。之后每道题带着题干的核心关键词回到原文对应段落定位，将选项和原文表述逐一比对，排除无中生有、和原文相悖的干扰项：第1题找“餐厅最先使用AI厨房技术”的原因，直接定位第二段开头句；第2题找AI厨房的好处，定位第三段的优势描述部分；第3题找AI损害饮食文化多样性的原因，定位第六段文化风险的相关表述；第4题判断作者态度，结合全文既讲优势又讲风险、尾段提出要审慎考量新技术负面影响的表述推导即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第一句"Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology"，可知初期AI厨房技术成本很高，餐厅作为经营主体有能力承担高额费用，A选项“对自动化更感兴趣”、C选项“有更多空间放机器人”、D选项“想要吸引更多顾客”原文均未提及，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段最后一句"For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand"，说明AI可以按需适配无数特殊饮食和口味，也就是能满足各类不同的饮食需求，B选项“在食物上省钱”、C选项“减少厨房浪费”原文完全没有提到，D选项“改善家庭关系”和原文提到的“家庭关系可能受损”表述相悖，因此选A。
3. 定位原文第六段"AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes"，可知AI经常过度简化传统食谱里的文化细节，最终导致菜品多样性下降，A选项“替换人类厨师”不是损害饮食文化多样性的直接原因，B选项“鼓励家庭烹饪”原文无相关表述，C选项“聚焦个性化饮食”和文化多样性受损没有关联，因此选D。
4. 作者既客观阐述了AI厨房解放人力、适配个性化饮食的优势，又从人文、教育、文化多个维度指出了它的潜在风险，尾段明确提出“便利可能要付出巨大代价，必须考量新技术可能带来的社会扰乱”，既没有完全支持也没有全盘否定，所持的是谨慎对待的态度，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，作者态度推断，说明文信息筛选
【点评】
本题整体难度适中，绝大多数题目都属于直接细节查找类题型，仅最后一道态度判断需要结合全文论述逻辑推导，学生解题时要注意所有选项都需要在原文找到对应依据，不要凭借自身主观想象选择无中生有的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科技类说明文阅读理解，解题时首先要先通读全文，明确文章围绕AI自动化厨房的优势、潜在风险展开论述。之后每道题带着题干的核心关键词回到原文对应段落定位，将选项和原文表述逐一比对，排除无中生有、和原文相悖的干扰项：第1题找“餐厅最先使用AI厨房技术”的原因，直接定位第二段开头句；第2题找AI厨房的好处，定位第三段的优势描述部分；第3题找AI损害饮食文化多样性的原因，定位第六段文化风险的相关表述；第4题判断作者态度，结合全文既讲优势又讲风险、尾段提出要审慎考量新技术负面影响的表述推导即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段第一句"Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technology"，可知初期AI厨房技术成本很高，餐厅作为经营主体有能力承担高额费用，A选项“对自动化更感兴趣”、C选项“有更多空间放机器人”、D选项“想要吸引更多顾客”原文均未提及，因此选B。
2. 定位原文第三段最后一句"For personalized eating, AI can fit countless special diets and tastes on demand"，说明AI可以按需适配无数特殊饮食和口味，也就是能满足各类不同的饮食需求，B选项“在食物上省钱”、C选项“减少厨房浪费”原文完全没有提到，D选项“改善家庭关系”和原文提到的“家庭关系可能受损”表述相悖，因此选A。
3. 定位原文第六段"AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods, as it often oversimplifies cultural details. This may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes"，可知AI经常过度简化传统食谱里的文化细节，最终导致菜品多样性下降，A选项“替换人类厨师”不是损害饮食文化多样性的直接原因，B选项“鼓励家庭烹饪”原文无相关表述，C选项“聚焦个性化饮食”和文化多样性受损没有关联，因此选D。
4. 作者既客观阐述了AI厨房解放人力、适配个性化饮食的优势，又从人文、教育、文化多个维度指出了它的潜在风险，尾段明确提出“便利可能要付出巨大代价，必须考量新技术可能带来的社会扰乱”，既没有完全支持也没有全盘否定，所持的是谨慎对待的态度，因此选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，作者态度推断，说明文信息筛选
【点评】
本题整体难度适中，绝大多数题目都属于直接细节查找类题型，仅最后一道态度判断需要结合全文论述逻辑推导，学生解题时要注意所有选项都需要在原文找到对应依据，不要凭借自身主观想象选择无中生有的干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7
