B
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。
be, collect, make, think, go, invent, grow, watch, develop, show, can
The most interesting museum I've ever been to is the American Computer Museum. It has information about different computers and who 36. them. The computers were much bigger. It's unbelievable that technology(技术) 37. in such a fast way! I've also learned that there was a special computer. It could play chess even better than humans. I wonder how much more computers 38. able to do in the future.
Recently, I've been to a very unusual museum in India, the International Museum of toilets. I just 39. believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there. The museum 40. people about the history and development of toilets. It also encourages governments and social groups 41. about ways to improve toilets in the future. Last year I 42. to the Hangzhou National Tea Museum. It's a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. The tea art performances（表演）show how 43. a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. 44. the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself. I've finally realized（意识到）why my grandpa loves drinking tea and 45. tea sets. It's just what he likes.

36. invented 37. has developed 38. will be 39. couldn't 40. shows 41. to think 42. went 43. to make 44. Watching 45. collecting

【分析】本题为选词填空题型，需从给定的11个动词中选择10个符合语境的词，并根据句子结构、时态、固定搭配等进行词形变化。解题思路：先通读短文理解大意，再逐句分析每个空的语境、句子成分，结合动词词义、语法规则确定所选动词及变形形式。
【解析】1. 36空：句意为“谁发明了这些电脑”，动词invent（发明）符合语境，动作发生在过去，用过去式invented；2. 37空：句意为“技术发展迅速”，develop（发展）符合，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时has developed；3. 38空：句意为“未来电脑能做更多事”，be able to结构搭配时间状语in the future，用一般将来时，填will be；4. 39空：句意为“不敢相信眼睛”，情态动词can的过去否定式couldn't符合语境；5. 40空：句意为“博物馆展示厕所的历史”，show（展示）符合，主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时，填shows；6. 41空：固定搭配encourage sb to do sth，think（思考）符合，填to think；7. 42空：时间状语为last year，go（去）用过去式went；8. 43空：疑问词how后接不定式，make（制作）符合，填to make；9. 44空：动名词作主语，watch（观看）符合，填Watching；10. 45空：与drinking并列，collect（收集）用动名词collecting。
【答案】36. invented 37. has developed 38. will be 39. couldn't 40. shows 41. to think 42. went 43. to make 44. Watching 45. collecting
【知识点】动词时态、非谓语动词、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查动词的词义运用及语法变形，是初中英语常见题型，需结合语境和语法规则分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

四、阅读表达
阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。
People used cloth and water to clean their teeth. They would also use salt on their teeth. Sometimes they cleaned their mouths with strong tea after a meal.
Later, people started to chew(嚼) on twigs(嫩枝). The twigs smell fresh. They believed this could keep their breath(气息) fresh, too. People even split(分开) the end of the twig to make it look like a brush. They used the twig to clean their teeth, just like a toothbrush.
During the 1400s, a Ming Dynasty emperor(明朝皇帝) made the first toothbrush out of pig hair. The handle(手柄) was made of bone. It looked quite like today's toothbrushes.
46. What did people use to clean their teeth in ancient China according to the first paragraph? (no more than 12 words)
.
47. Why did people believe chewing twigs could keep their breath fresh? (no more than 5 words)
.
48. How did the twig look like a brush? (no more than 7 words)
.
49. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
.
50. Give a proper title to the passage.
.

46. They used cloth, water, salt and strong tea to clean their teeth.
47. Because the twigs smell fresh.
48. People split the end of the twig.
49. 在 15 世纪的时候，一位明朝皇帝用猪毛做了第一把牙刷。
50. The history/development of toothbrush(意思接近即可)

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需根据短文内容完成细节查找、原因回答、翻译及主旨概括类题目。解题思路：1. 通读全文，明确各段落核心信息；2. 针对每个小题，精准定位原文对应内容，提取关键信息，严格遵守答题字数限制；3. 翻译题需准确转换英文句式，标题题需概括全文核心主题（牙刷的发展历程）。
【解析】
46题：定位第一段，提取人们清洁牙齿所用物品（布、水、盐、浓茶），整理成符合字数要求的答案。
47题：定位第二段，找到人们认为嚼嫩枝能清新口气的原因（嫩枝闻起来清新）。
48题：定位第二段，明确嫩枝看起来像刷子的做法（分开嫩枝末端）。
49题：翻译划线句时，注意时间表述、朝代及“made...out of...”的准确转换。
50题：全文围绕牙刷的发展历史展开，提炼核心主题作为标题。
【答案】
46. They used cloth, water, salt and strong tea to clean their teeth.
47. Because the twigs smell fresh.
48. People split the end of the twig.
49. 在 15 世纪的时候，一位明朝皇帝用猪毛做了第一把牙刷。
50. The history/development of toothbrush
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、翻译
【点评】
本题考查学生的英语阅读理解综合能力，涵盖细节查找、原因表述、句子翻译及主旨概括，答题时需注意各小题的字数限制，整体难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6