Passage 3
Do you know how to deal with failure at school? Four steps will help you get the most out of each failure, and move on.
1 When you feel bad after failing, talk with your parents or good friends, or any other adult. Then decide to take the responsibility to improve yourself. Read the teachers' comments on your test carefully. You may feel better.
Ask yourself what you were trying to do and why you failed. Usually it was because you were trying out a new skill or learning a new subject. Maybe you didn't have all the information you needed; maybe you made a mistake or a poor decision. If so, give yourself a pat(拍) on the back. Fewer people ever get something right the first time they try it, and often it takes them many times. 2 Sometimes the failure isn't because of something you did or didn't do; it is someone else's fault. But don't spend time blaming(责备) them; instead, move on towards your goals.
3 Review the situation to see what your choices are. There is a difference between making a decision and giving up. Deciding to follow a better way is one thing; simply walking away means you really have failed.
Keep trying again. Successful people are different because they choose their next steps instead of just reacting to feelings. 4 If it isn't, do your best on something else.
A. No pain, no gain.
B. Don't give up easily.
C. Failure is unavoidable.
D. Take away your bad feelings.
E. In fact, it was because you were very lazy.
F. If a goal is still important to you, find out what to do and go after it again.

1.D 2.C 3.B 4.F

【分析】
这是一篇介绍应对校园失败四步法的说明文，解题时我们可以按照“先通读全文明确核心主题，再逐段匹配段意和选项”的思路推进：首先明确文章总起说明四个步骤能帮你从失败中收获成长，后续四个段落分别对应一个步骤。我们逐空分析空前后的内容提炼核心，再和给出的选项比对匹配，排除和段落内容无关的干扰项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空所在段落，后文提到失败后心情糟糕时可以和父母、好友倾诉，认真阅读老师的评语来让自己好受，整段核心是处理失败后的负面情绪，对应D选项“带走你的坏情绪”，完全契合段落主旨。
2. 第2空前文提到很少有人第一次尝试就能成功，往往需要多次尝试，后文又说明有时候失败甚至和你自身的行为无关，是他人的过错，上下文共同说明失败是非常普遍的，对应C选项“失败是不可避免的”，起到承上启下的作用。
3. 第3空所在段落，后文明确指出“做出更好的选择”和“放弃”有本质区别，直接逃避走开才是真正的失败，整段核心劝诫读者不要轻易放弃，对应B选项“不要轻易放弃”，是本段的主题句。
4. 第4空后文出现了“If it isn't”的否定假设结构，和F选项的“If a goal is still important to you, find out what to do and go after it again”形成完美的正反逻辑对应：如果目标对你仍然重要，就明确方向再次追寻；如果不重要，就尽全力做好其他事，逻辑完全连贯。
剩余的A选项“不劳无获”、E选项“事实上这是因为你非常懒”都和上下文内容不匹配，属于干扰项直接排除。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.F
【知识点】
说明文补全，主旨归纳，逻辑推理
【点评】
本题选材贴近学生校园生活，难度适中，解题不需要复杂的长难句分析，学生只要准确提炼每段的核心大意，抓住空前后的逻辑关联线索，就能快速锁定正确答案，同时还能引导学生建立正确的面对失败的心态。
【难度系数】
0.7

Passage 4
All about electric cars
Electric vehicles(电动汽车) have been around for more than a hundred years. 1 More than three million all-electric cars, trucks and vans are now on the road worldwide.
Helping the environment
Most cars run on gasoline(汽油). Burning gasoline and other fossil fuels(化石燃料) produces greenhouse gases. Electric vehicles don't burn gasoline. 2 So, electric vehicles don't directly produce greenhouse gases.
Poop power!
Electric vehicles are better for the environment. But they are not perfect. Their batteries often use electricity(电) that is made by burning fossil fuels. 3 Moreover, some of the electricity comes from "greener" sources, such as solar and wind power. And some may soon come from a new source—cow poop(牛粪)! An electric car company has worked together with a large dairy farm. They plan to make electricity using a greenhouse gas from cow poop.
Always improving
One of the problems for electric vehicles is their limited range. This is how far they can travel before their batteries need another charge(充电). But now their range is improving. 4 Another problem is finding a place to recharge the batteries. But the number of charging stations is going up as well. China now has thousands more charging stations than it did ten years ago. In Sweden, engineers have even designed a road that will charge electric vehicles as they drive along.
A. Instead, strong batteries run their electric engines.
B. Electric cars are less popular than gasoline cars.
C. Fossil fuels can do harm to the environment as well.
D. But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs on gasoline.
E. Some new electric vehicles can travel almost three times as far as older ones could.
F. But they have really become popular over the last ten years.

1.F 2.A 3.D 4.E

【分析】
这是一篇英语阅读补全类题型，解题时首先通读全文，明确每一段的核心主题，再逐一分析每个空缺处前后文的逻辑关联，匹配语义最贴合的选项：
1. 先看第1空：前文说电动汽车已经存在超过百年，后文提到如今全球上路的全电车辆超300万辆，前后存在转折关系，要选能衔接“存在时间久”和“现在保有量很高”的过渡句。
2. 第2空：前文点明电动汽车不燃烧汽油，后文总结它不会直接产生温室气体，空缺处需要补充说明电动汽车的动力来源，顺承前后逻辑。
3. 第3空：前文提到电动车的电力很多来自燃烧化石燃料的发电方式，后文又补充部分电力来自太阳能、风能这类清洁能源，空缺处需要转折说明电动车依然具备能耗优势，衔接上下文。
4. 第4空：前文指出电动车的续航能力现在正在不断提升，空缺处需要给出续航提升的具体例证，呼应前文内容。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文介绍电动汽车已有上百年的发展历史，后文给出当前全球超300万辆全电车辆上路的数据，F选项“但它们在过去十年里真的变得非常受欢迎”承上启下，完成从“存在时间久”到“如今普及度高”的语义过渡，符合语境。
2. 第2空：前文说明电动汽车不依靠燃烧汽油提供动力，后文推导得出电动车不会直接产生温室气体的结论，A选项“相反，强劲的电池驱动它们的电动引擎”明确了电动车的动力来源，逻辑链条完整通顺。
3. 第3空：前文指出电动车的部分电力来自燃烧化石燃料的发电环节，后文补充说明不少电力来自太阳能、风能这类绿色能源，D选项“但电动汽车比使用汽油的车辆消耗的能源更少”转折强调电动车的能耗优势，符合段落“电动车更环保”的核心主题。
4. 第4空：前文提到电动车的续航短板如今正在不断改善，E选项“一些新型电动汽车的行驶里程几乎是旧款的三倍”是续航提升的具体实例，和前文表述完全呼应。
【答案】
1.F 2.A 3.D 4.E
【知识点】
阅读还原，逻辑衔接，语篇理解
【点评】
本题属于基础类阅读补全题型，整体话题贴近生活，空缺处的逻辑提示非常明显，学生只要抓住每段的核心主题，梳理空前后的语义关联，很容易排除无关选项得到正确答案，能够有效考察学生的语篇逻辑把握能力。
【难度系数】
0.7