2026年能力培养与测试八年级英语上册人教版第43页答案
Ⅰ. 根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
1. My phone is not as l
large/long
as yours, so it fits easily in my pocket.
2. This summer is h
hotter
than last year, and we need the air conditioner most of the time.
3. A rabbit is f
faster
than a turtle, which is why it can escape from predators(捕食者) quickly.
4. She is not as s
slim
as her sister, but she is still very healthy and fit.
5. Today is c
cooler
than yesterday, so we don't need to turn on the fan.

答案

1. large/long
2. hotter
3. faster
4. slim
5. cooler

解析

【分析】
本题需结合句子结构(判断用形容词原级还是比较级)、句意及首字母提示完成填空:1. 句子为as...as结构,需用形容词原级,结合“易放进口袋”的语境及首字母l,填合适的原级形容词;2. 句中有than,需用形容词比较级,结合“需开空调”的语境及首字母h,填合适的比较级;3. 句中有than,需用形容词比较级,结合“快速逃脱捕食者”的语境及首字母f,填合适的比较级;4. 句子为as...as结构,需用形容词原级,结合“健康”的语境及首字母s,填合适的原级形容词;5. 句中有than,需用形容词比较级,结合“不用开风扇”的语境及首字母c,填合适的比较级。
【解析】
1. 结构为“as + 形容词原级 + as”,表示“和……一样……”,结合“fit easily in my pocket(容易放进口袋)”的语境,说明手机不大或不长,首字母为l,故填large/long;
2. 由than可知需用形容词比较级,结合“need the air conditioner most of the time(大部分时间需要开空调)”的语境,说明夏天更热,首字母为h,故填hotter;
3. 由than可知需用形容词比较级,结合“escape from predators quickly(快速逃脱捕食者)”的语境,说明兔子比乌龟快,首字母为f,故填faster;
4. 结构为“as + 形容词原级 + as”,结合“very healthy and fit(非常健康)”的语境,说明她不像姐姐那么苗条,首字母为s,故填slim;
5. 由than可知需用形容词比较级,结合“don't need to turn on the fan(不用开风扇)”的语境,说明今天比昨天凉快,首字母为c,故填cooler。
【答案】
1. large/long;2. hotter;3. faster;4. slim;5. cooler
【知识点】
形容词原级;形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查形容词原级和比较级的基础用法,需掌握as...as结构及比较级标志词than的用法,结合句意和首字母提示即可完成,属于英语基础词汇运用题,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅱ. 用括号里的词改写句子。
1. This dog is smaller than that dog. (not as... as)
This dog is not as large/big as that dog.

2. My car is faster than yours. (not as... as)
Your car is not as fast as mine/my car.

3. This book is the most interesting. (than that one)
This book is more interesting than that one.

4. Today is colder than yesterday. (not as... as)
Yesterday was not as cold as today.

5. Tom is smart. (Sam, smarter)
Sam is smarter than Tom.

答案

1. This dog is not as large/big as that dog.
2. Your car is not as fast as mine/my car.
3. This book is more interesting than that one.
4. Yesterday was not as cold as today.
5. Sam is smarter than Tom.

解析

【分析】
这几道题围绕形容词比较级的结构转换展开,解题思路是:① 用“not as + 形容词原级 + as”改写时,需将原句的比较级转换为同级比较的否定形式,调整比较对象的表述;② 用“than”改写时,需将最高级或原比较关系转换为“形容词比较级 + than”的结构,明确比较双方。每一步要注意形容词的原级、比较级、最高级形式,以及比较对象的指代转换。
【解析】
1. 原句意为“这只狗比那只小”,用“not as...as”改写时,将比较级smaller转换为原级big/large,表达“这只狗不如那只大”,故改写为对应句子。
2. 原句意为“我的车比你的快”,用“not as...as”改写时,将比较级faster转换为原级fast,比较对象yours(你的车)转换为mine/my car(我的车),表达“你的车不如我的快”,故改写为对应句子。
3. 原句意为“这本书最有趣”,用“than that one”改写时,将最高级the most interesting转换为多音节形容词的比较级more interesting,表达“这本书比那本更有趣”,故改写为对应句子。
4. 原句意为“今天比昨天冷”,用“not as...as”改写时,将比较级colder转换为原级cold,调整比较对象为yesterday和today,表达“昨天不如今天冷”,故改写为对应句子。
5. 原句提示用Sam和smarter改写,需表达“Sam比Tom聪明”,将原句的smart转换为比较级smarter,用than连接比较对象,故改写为对应句子。
【答案】
1. This dog is not as large/big as that dog.
2. Your car is not as fast as mine/my car.
3. This book is more interesting than that one.
4. Yesterday was not as cold as today.
5. Sam is smarter than Tom.
【知识点】
形容词比较级、同级比较结构、形容词最高级转换
【点评】
本题是英语语法中形容词比较级的基础转换练习,重点考查“not as...as”同级比较否定结构和“比较级+than”结构的运用,题型典型,适合巩固比较级核心用法,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ. 翻译句子。
1. 一月广州的平均气温是16℃。
The average January temperature of Guangzhou is 16℃.

2. 2024年广州的人口要多于温哥华的人口。
The population of Guangzhou was larger than that of Vancouver in 2024.

3. 如果你不喜欢雨,比起广州的天气你也许会更喜欢温哥华的天气。
If you don’t like rain, you may like Vancouver’s weather better than Guangzhou’s.

4. Julie always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
朱莉总是比我起床早,但是我跟她一样努力工作!

5. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
埃拉比埃玛舞跳得好,但是埃玛唱歌更大声。

答案

1. The average January temperature of Guangzhou is 16℃.
2. The population of Guangzhou was larger than that of Vancouver in 2024.
3. If you don’t like rain, you may like Vancouver’s weather better than Guangzhou’s.
4. 朱莉总是比我起床早,但是我跟她一样努力工作!
5. 埃拉比埃玛舞跳得好,但是埃玛唱歌更大声。

解析

【分析】本题为英汉互译题,需准确匹配原句的词汇含义、句式结构,重点掌握比较级的用法、名词所有格/of所有格的表达,以及代词that指代前文名词的用法,确保翻译通顺准确。
【解析】1. 对应“一月的平均气温”译为the average January temperature,“广州”是Guangzhou,组合为The average January temperature of Guangzhou is 16℃;2. “2024年广州的人口”译为the population of Guangzhou in 2024,比较级用larger,用that指代前文的population,故为The population of Guangzhou was larger than that of Vancouver in 2024;3. 条件句“如果你不喜欢雨”译为If you don’t like rain,“也许更喜欢”译为may like...better than,对应为If you don’t like rain, you may like Vancouver’s weather better than Guangzhou’s;4. 英文转中文,“always”译为“总是”,“gets up earlier than me”译为“比我起床早”,“work as hard as her”译为“跟她一样努力工作”,整句为“朱莉总是比我起床早,但是我跟她一样努力工作!”;5. “dances better than Emma”译为“比埃玛舞跳得好”,“sings louder than her”译为“唱歌更大声”,整句为“埃拉比埃玛舞跳得好,但是埃玛唱歌更大声。”
【答案】1. The average January temperature of Guangzhou is 16℃.
2. The population of Guangzhou was larger than that of Vancouver in 2024.
3. If you don’t like rain, you may like Vancouver’s weather better than Guangzhou’s.
4. 朱莉总是比我起床早,但是我跟她一样努力工作!
5. 埃拉比埃玛舞跳得好,但是埃玛唱歌更大声。
【知识点】英汉互译,形容词比较级,名词所有格
【点评】本题考查基础英汉互译能力,涉及比较级、常用短语的翻译,需注意代词指代和所有格的正确使用,属于常规基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5