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Passage 3
Long long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have
been built at daybreak. (1)
waterways (2)
and outside of the city.
The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people (3)
mountains. The wood was shipped by (4)
buildings. Standing in them, the city's rulers will be able to see (5)
people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city.
This is not some bedtime story. It (6)
years ago.
Thousands of years later, the once busy (7)
in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists(考古学家) and historians, artists painted depictions(描绘) of life in Jijiaocheng on a (8)
(tradition) scroll(卷轴).
The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years (9)
it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 metres long in total. It (10)
(show) early human activities on Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan.
Long long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have
been built at daybreak. (1)
The
city was on the rich Liyang Plain(平原). Manywaterways (2)
provided
(provide) water for crop fields and the people living insideand outside of the city.
The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people (3)
to cut
(cut) down trees in themountains. The wood was shipped by (4)
workers
(work) to the city for tallbuildings. Standing in them, the city's rulers will be able to see (5)
their
(they)people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city.
This is not some bedtime story. It (6)
really
(real) took place around 4,500years ago.
Thousands of years later, the once busy (7)
and
rich Jijiaocheng, which is nowin a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists(考古学家) and historians, artists painted depictions(描绘) of life in Jijiaocheng on a (8)
traditional
(tradition) scroll(卷轴).
The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years (9)
on
it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 metres long in total. It (10)
shows
(show) early human activities on Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan.
答案
1. The 2. provided 3. to cut 4. workers 5. their 6. really 7. and 8. traditional 9. on
10. shows
10. shows
解析
【分析】
这是一篇语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章核心是介绍史前城市鸡叫城的相关历史，确定全文主体时态以一般过去时为主，末尾介绍现代创作的卷轴部分用一般现在时。接下来逐个推导空格：
1. 空格后是名词city，前文已经明确提到过这座城市，属于特指，需要用定冠词限定；
2. 空格作句子谓语，描述远古时期的客观情况，动词provide要变为对应的过去式；
3. 对应固定搭配ask sb to do sth的结构，需要填入不定式形式；
4. 空格在介词by之后，要填入表示动作执行者的指人名词复数；
5. 空格后接名词people，需要把人称代词变为形容词性物主代词修饰名词；
6. 空格修饰动词短语took place，要把形容词real变为副词作状语；
7. 空格前后的busy和rich是并列修饰城市的形容词，需要填入并列连词；
8. 空格后接名词scroll，要把名词tradition变为形容词作定语；
9. 对应固定搭配spend time on sth的结构，填入介词on；
10. 空格作句子谓语，主语it指代卷轴，描述客观属性用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
【解析】
1. 前文已经提及鸡叫城这座城市，此处是第二次特指该城市，用定冠词The表特指，首字母大写，故填The。
2. 文章讲述远古时期的情况，谓语动词用一般过去时，provide的过去式为provided，故填provided。
3. 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，故填to cut。
4. 介词by后接动作的执行者，此处指工人们将木材运到城内，work对应的指人名词复数为workers，故填workers。
5. 此处修饰名词people，需要用they对应的形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”，故填their。
6. 此处修饰动词短语took place，需要用副词作状语，real对应的副词形式是really，故填really。
7. 空格前后的busy和rich是并列的修饰成分，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
8. 此处修饰名词scroll，需要用形容词作定语，tradition对应的形容词形式是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。
9. 固定搭配spend some time on sth. 意为“在某事/某物上花费时间”，故填介词on。
10. 此处描述卷轴的客观功能，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词show变为第三人称单数形式shows，故填shows。
【答案】
1. The 2. provided 3. to cut 4. workers 5. their 6. really 7. and 8. traditional 9. on 10. shows
【知识点】
冠词用法，词形变换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础类语篇语法填空，考点覆盖中小学阶段核心的词法、句法知识点，结合湖南鸡叫城的考古文化背景，既考察学生对时态判断、词性转换、常用固定搭配的掌握程度，也能拓展学生的历史文化常识，只要结合上下文语境判断所需词的词性和形式即可顺利解题。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握文章核心是介绍史前城市鸡叫城的相关历史，确定全文主体时态以一般过去时为主，末尾介绍现代创作的卷轴部分用一般现在时。接下来逐个推导空格：
1. 空格后是名词city，前文已经明确提到过这座城市，属于特指，需要用定冠词限定；
2. 空格作句子谓语，描述远古时期的客观情况，动词provide要变为对应的过去式；
3. 对应固定搭配ask sb to do sth的结构，需要填入不定式形式；
4. 空格在介词by之后，要填入表示动作执行者的指人名词复数；
5. 空格后接名词people，需要把人称代词变为形容词性物主代词修饰名词；
6. 空格修饰动词短语took place，要把形容词real变为副词作状语；
7. 空格前后的busy和rich是并列修饰城市的形容词，需要填入并列连词；
8. 空格后接名词scroll，要把名词tradition变为形容词作定语；
9. 对应固定搭配spend time on sth的结构，填入介词on；
10. 空格作句子谓语，主语it指代卷轴，描述客观属性用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
【解析】
1. 前文已经提及鸡叫城这座城市，此处是第二次特指该城市，用定冠词The表特指，首字母大写，故填The。
2. 文章讲述远古时期的情况，谓语动词用一般过去时，provide的过去式为provided，故填provided。
3. 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，故填to cut。
4. 介词by后接动作的执行者，此处指工人们将木材运到城内，work对应的指人名词复数为workers，故填workers。
5. 此处修饰名词people，需要用they对应的形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”，故填their。
6. 此处修饰动词短语took place，需要用副词作状语，real对应的副词形式是really，故填really。
7. 空格前后的busy和rich是并列的修饰成分，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
8. 此处修饰名词scroll，需要用形容词作定语，tradition对应的形容词形式是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。
9. 固定搭配spend some time on sth. 意为“在某事/某物上花费时间”，故填介词on。
10. 此处描述卷轴的客观功能，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词show变为第三人称单数形式shows，故填shows。
【答案】
1. The 2. provided 3. to cut 4. workers 5. their 6. really 7. and 8. traditional 9. on 10. shows
【知识点】
冠词用法，词形变换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础类语篇语法填空，考点覆盖中小学阶段核心的词法、句法知识点，结合湖南鸡叫城的考古文化背景，既考察学生对时态判断、词性转换、常用固定搭配的掌握程度，也能拓展学生的历史文化常识，只要结合上下文语境判断所需词的词性和形式即可顺利解题。
【难度系数】
0.7
Passage 4
Night schools are nothing new today. Li Mei is (1)
but in the evening, she becomes a student at a night school in Chengdu. She is trying new
(2)
to spend evenings (3)
new things with him at a night school.
A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can learn
(4)
Young people (6)
In the 1980s, many people (7)
education. However, night schools were gone because more people got higher education. Some new
night schools came to Shanghai last autumn. Then more night schools (8)
(quick) appeared in other cities. For example, Miss Wang from Deyang thinks that night schools
are good places for her (9)
time alone. I have felt more connected with modern society since I became a student of the night
school," she said.
Young people wish to make themselves better so that (10)
lives can be meaningful. That has made night schools develop rapidly.
Night schools are nothing new today. Li Mei is (1)
an
engineer in the day,but in the evening, she becomes a student at a night school in Chengdu. She is trying new
(2)
hobbies
(hobby) with her 5-year-old son, such as cooking and singing. She usedto spend evenings (3)
watching
(watch) her son play in the park. Now, she can trynew things with him at a night school.
A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can learn
(4)
colourful
(colour) things, from art (5) to
sports, for free.Young people (6)
who/that
want to look for new skills and friends go to night schools.In the 1980s, many people (7)
went
(go) to night schools for furthereducation. However, night schools were gone because more people got higher education. Some new
night schools came to Shanghai last autumn. Then more night schools (8)
quickly
(quick) appeared in other cities. For example, Miss Wang from Deyang thinks that night schools
are good places for her (9)
to make
(make) friends. "I used to spend much of mytime alone. I have felt more connected with modern society since I became a student of the night
school," she said.
Young people wish to make themselves better so that (10)
their
(they) dailylives can be meaningful. That has made night schools develop rapidly.
答案
1. an 2. hobbies 3. watching 4. colourful 5. to 6. who/that 7. went 8. quickly 9. to
make 10. their
make 10. their
解析
【分析】
这是一篇主题为国内夜校发展的语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，理清文章主旨和整体时态，之后逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文语境推导答案：第一步先判断空格所需的词性，第二步结合对应的语法规则变形，最后把所有答案代入通读验证语句通顺、逻辑合理即可。比如看到指人的先行词就想到定语从句的关系代词，看到spend就回忆其后接动名词的固定搭配，看到过去的时间标志就用一般过去时变形，一步步推导就能得到正确结果。
【解析】
1. 空后engineer是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一名工程师”，且engineer以元音音素开头，因此填an。
2. 后文列举了烹饪、唱歌多个爱好，hobby是可数名词，多个爱好需要用复数形式，因此填hobbies。
3. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”，此处watch要变为动名词形式，因此填watching。
4. 空格修饰名词things，需要用形容词作定语，colour的形容词形式是colourful，意为“丰富多彩的”，因此填colourful。
5. 固定搭配from...to...意为“从……到……”，此处表示学习的内容从艺术延伸到运动，因此填to。
6. 该句是定语从句，先行词是指代人的Young people，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who/that引导，因此填who/that。
7. 时间状语In the 1980s表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时，go的过去式是went，因此填went。
8. 空格修饰动词appeared，需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式是quickly，因此填quickly。
9. 固定结构a good place for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说做某事的好去处”，不定式作后置定语，因此填to make。
10. 空格修饰名词daily lives，需要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，意为“他们的”，因此填their。
【答案】
1. an 2. hobbies 3. watching 4. colourful 5. to 6. who/that 7. went 8. quickly 9. to make 10. their
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、定语从句
【点评】
本题结合社会热点话题设题，考点覆盖初中英语核心语法点，难度梯度平缓，既考察学生对冠词、时态、代词等基础语法规则的掌握，也要求学生结合上下文语境灵活运用固定搭配知识，能有效检验学生的语法填空综合解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇主题为国内夜校发展的语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，理清文章主旨和整体时态，之后逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文语境推导答案：第一步先判断空格所需的词性，第二步结合对应的语法规则变形，最后把所有答案代入通读验证语句通顺、逻辑合理即可。比如看到指人的先行词就想到定语从句的关系代词，看到spend就回忆其后接动名词的固定搭配，看到过去的时间标志就用一般过去时变形，一步步推导就能得到正确结果。
【解析】
1. 空后engineer是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一名工程师”，且engineer以元音音素开头，因此填an。
2. 后文列举了烹饪、唱歌多个爱好，hobby是可数名词，多个爱好需要用复数形式，因此填hobbies。
3. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”，此处watch要变为动名词形式，因此填watching。
4. 空格修饰名词things，需要用形容词作定语，colour的形容词形式是colourful，意为“丰富多彩的”，因此填colourful。
5. 固定搭配from...to...意为“从……到……”，此处表示学习的内容从艺术延伸到运动，因此填to。
6. 该句是定语从句，先行词是指代人的Young people，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who/that引导，因此填who/that。
7. 时间状语In the 1980s表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时，go的过去式是went，因此填went。
8. 空格修饰动词appeared，需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式是quickly，因此填quickly。
9. 固定结构a good place for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说做某事的好去处”，不定式作后置定语，因此填to make。
10. 空格修饰名词daily lives，需要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，意为“他们的”，因此填their。
【答案】
1. an 2. hobbies 3. watching 4. colourful 5. to 6. who/that 7. went 8. quickly 9. to make 10. their
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、定语从句
【点评】
本题结合社会热点话题设题，考点覆盖初中英语核心语法点，难度梯度平缓，既考察学生对冠词、时态、代词等基础语法规则的掌握，也要求学生结合上下文语境灵活运用固定搭配知识，能有效检验学生的语法填空综合解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
