一、词汇运用
A. 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中,每词限用一次。
(2025·绍兴越城)
above level final discover spirit
Running a marathon is a big adventure for many people. It takes them to new 1. of their bodies and minds. As they run, their hearts beat faster and they feel like they're flying 2. the ground. They push themselves harder than ever before, and they can get stronger fighting 3. .
It is long and tiring, but the runners keep going and never give up. 4. , when they see the finishing line, they feel an amazing sense(感觉) of happiness and achievement.
Marathon lovers know that this race is not just about winning. By running a marathon, they 5. they are able to achieve more. And that's what makes this race so special.

1. levels 2. above 3. spirit 4. Finally 5. will discover/discover

【分析】
首先通读短文，明确短文围绕马拉松展开的主题，梳理方框内词汇：above（介词，在……上方）、level（名词，层面；水平）、final（形容词，最后的）、discover（动词，发现）、spirit（名词，精神）。接着逐个分析每个空的语法成分与语境：1. 空前为形容词new，需填名词，结合语境指身心的多个层面，需用名词复数；2. 需介词连接“飞”与“地面”，表“在上方”的含义；3. 结合固定搭配确定名词；4. 需副词修饰句子，表“最终”，形容词需变副词；5. 句子表达跑马拉松后的发现，时态可选用一般现在时或一般将来时。
【解析】
1. 空1：形容词new后需接名词，方框中level为可数名词，此处指身心的多个层面，故用复数形式levels；
2. 空2：此处需介词连接flying和the ground，above表示“在……上方”，符合“感觉像飞在地面之上”的语境，故填above；
3. 空3：固定搭配fighting spirit意为“拼搏精神”，spirit为名词，符合语境，故填spirit；
4. 空4：此处需副词作状语修饰整个句子，final的副词形式为Finally，意为“最终”，句首首字母大写，故填Finally；
5. 空5：句子表达跑马拉松后的发现，时态可用一般现在时（表客观结果）或一般将来时（表动作发生在跑之后），故填discover或will discover。
【答案】
1. levels 2. above 3. spirit 4. Finally 5. will discover/discover
【知识点】
词汇适当形式填空、介词用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语词汇运用的适当形式填空题，围绕马拉松主题，结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配考察词汇的灵活运用，难度适中，侧重基础语言能力的检测。
【难度系数】
0.6

B. 阅读下面短文,根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。(2024·三门改编)
My grandpa is nearly 80 years old now. He lives with us in the big 6. (城镇). He often tells me about his past life. He was born into a 7. (贫困) family. His family was big but they lived in a small house with only two bedrooms. At that time, his family had 8. (稀薄的) food. So they always suffer from hunger. There were no 9. (工厂) in his hometown. So his parents had to stay in the village and worked in 10. (田地,田野). They mainly grew rice and vegetables. Grandpa says his family ate 11. (胡萝卜) and 12. (卷心菜) most. In winter, they used 13. (木头) to make fires. But now 14. (所有事物) has changed. We live in a big house, and my grandpa lives a 15. (舒服的,令人舒服的) life. He always has a smile on his face.

6. town 7. poor 8. watery 9. factories 10. fields
11. carrots 12. cabbage 13. wood 14. everything 15. comfortable

【分析】
本题是根据汉语提示填写单词的题型，解题思路为：先结合句子语境判断空格处所需单词的词性（名词、形容词、代词等），再根据汉语提示写出对应单词，同时注意名词单复数变化、不可数名词用法、形容词修饰名词等语法规则，确保单词形式符合句子结构要求。
【解析】
6. 空格前有形容词big，需填名词，汉语“城镇”对应单词town，故填town。
7. 空格后是名词family，需填形容词修饰，汉语“贫困”对应形容词poor，故填poor。
8. 空格后是名词food，需填形容词修饰，汉语“稀薄的”对应形容词watery，故填watery。
9. 空格前是be动词were，说明主语为复数名词，汉语“工厂”对应名词factory，复数形式为factories，故填factories。
10. 固定搭配“work in fields”表示“在田地里劳作”，汉语“田地”对应名词field，此处用复数形式fields，故填fields。
11. 空格前是动词ate，需填食物类名词，汉语“胡萝卜”是可数名词，此处泛指，用复数形式carrots，故填carrots。
12. 空格前是动词ate，与carrots并列，汉语“卷心菜”此处泛指，用名词原形cabbage，故填cabbage。
13. 汉语“木头”对应不可数名词wood，故填wood。
14. 汉语“所有事物”对应不定代词everything，故填everything。
15. 空格后是名词life，需填形容词修饰，汉语“舒服的”对应形容词comfortable，故填comfortable。
【答案】
6. town 7. poor 8. watery 9. factories 10. fields 11. carrots 12. cabbage 13. wood 14. everything 15. comfortable
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、名词单复数、形容词用法
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇题，主要考查核心词汇拼写及基础语法（名词单复数、形容词修饰名词等），题型常规，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.8

二、语法填空(2024·宁波鄞州改编)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Children sometimes get sick and have to go to hospital. Some of 16. (they) have to stay there for a few days. It is
17. (real) not good for them to think about their sickness (疾病) all day long. They need some other things to think about, so people ask animals 18. help. In some 19. (place), workers from zoos often take animals to visit children in hospital. They may bring a little dog or a cute monkey 20. them. Children are excited to see them, 21. some children cannot get close to the animals. The animals may make their sickness get even 22. (bad). How can we help these children? The hospitals got 23. good idea. They worked with zoos to make some movies about how to love animals. A man called Denny Sanford 24. (make) a TV network to show these movies. It is still used in many hospitals in the USA today. Children in hospital can watch these movies and learn the 25. (animal) living habits.

16. them 17. really 18. for 19. places 20. with
21. but 22. worse 23. a 24. made 25. animals'

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需根据句子结构、词性要求、固定搭配及语境逻辑等填入正确形式的词。解题时需逐空分析：16题考查介词后人称代词的形式；17题考查副词修饰形容词；18题考查固定搭配；19题考查可数名词复数；20题考查介词搭配；21题考查连词逻辑；22题考查形容词比较级；23题考查冠词用法；24题考查动词时态；25题考查名词所有格。
【解析】
16. 介词of后需接人称代词宾格，they的宾格为them，故填them；
17. 此处修饰形容词good，需用real的副词形式really，故填really；
18. 固定搭配ask sb for help表示“向某人求助”，故填for；
19. some后接可数名词复数，place的复数为places，故填places；
20. 固定搭配bring sth with sb表示“随身带某物”，故填with；
21. 前后句为转折关系，需用连词but，故填but；
22. even修饰形容词比较级，bad的比较级为worse，故填worse；
23. good idea为单数可数名词，且good以辅音音素开头，需用冠词a，故填a；
24. 描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，make的过去式为made，故填made；
25. 表示“动物的生活习惯”，需用名词所有格，复数animals的所有格为animals'，故填animals'。
【答案】
16. them 17. really 18. for 19. places 20. with 21. but 22. worse 23. a 24. made 25. animals'
【知识点】
人称代词宾格、副词用法、固定搭配、名词所有格
【点评】
本题考查基础语法知识，涵盖词形变化、固定搭配、时态等核心考点，难度适中，需学生熟练掌握基础英语语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.6