(A) 根据句意和汉语注释,写出单词的正确形式。
1. I was doing my homework when the
2. The surface of the lake is like a
3. Sandy spends half an hour reading
4. According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people brushed their teeth with some small
5. Tony has found a new job and is considering moving to a new
1. I was doing my homework when the
doorbell
(门铃) rang.2. The surface of the lake is like a
mirror
(镜子), reflecting the blue sky above.3. Sandy spends half an hour reading
classic
(经典的) Chinese novels every day to learn more about Chinese culture.4. According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people brushed their teeth with some small
branches
(树枝).5. Tony has found a new job and is considering moving to a new
apartment
(公寓套房) near his company.答案
1. doorbell 2. mirror 3. classic 4. branches 5. apartment
解析
【分析】
解题思路:先通读每个句子理解句意,结合括号内的汉语注释确定对应英文单词,同时注意单词的正确形式(如名词单复数、形容词形式等),确保符合句子语法和语境要求。
【解析】
1. 句意:我正在做作业时门铃响了。“门铃”对应的英文单词是doorbell,符合语境,故填doorbell。
2. 句意:湖面像一面镜子,反射着上方的蓝天。“镜子”对应的英文单词是mirror,前面有不定冠词a,用单数形式,故填mirror。
3. 句意:桑迪每天花半小时读经典的中国小说来了解更多中国文化。“经典的”对应的英文形容词是classic,修饰名词novels,故填classic。
4. 句意:根据研究,牙刷出现前古代中国人用一些小树枝刷牙。“树枝”对应的英文单词是branch,前面有some,需用复数形式branches,故填branches。
5. 句意:托尼找到新工作,正考虑搬到公司附近的新公寓。“公寓套房”对应的英文单词是apartment,前面有不定冠词a,用单数形式,故填apartment。
【答案】
1. doorbell 2. mirror 3. classic 4. branches 5. apartment
【知识点】
英语单词拼写;名词单复数;形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用,需结合汉语提示和句子语法准确填写单词,难度适中,是常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
解题思路:先通读每个句子理解句意,结合括号内的汉语注释确定对应英文单词,同时注意单词的正确形式(如名词单复数、形容词形式等),确保符合句子语法和语境要求。
【解析】
1. 句意:我正在做作业时门铃响了。“门铃”对应的英文单词是doorbell,符合语境,故填doorbell。
2. 句意:湖面像一面镜子,反射着上方的蓝天。“镜子”对应的英文单词是mirror,前面有不定冠词a,用单数形式,故填mirror。
3. 句意:桑迪每天花半小时读经典的中国小说来了解更多中国文化。“经典的”对应的英文形容词是classic,修饰名词novels,故填classic。
4. 句意:根据研究,牙刷出现前古代中国人用一些小树枝刷牙。“树枝”对应的英文单词是branch,前面有some,需用复数形式branches,故填branches。
5. 句意:托尼找到新工作,正考虑搬到公司附近的新公寓。“公寓套房”对应的英文单词是apartment,前面有不定冠词a,用单数形式,故填apartment。
【答案】
1. doorbell 2. mirror 3. classic 4. branches 5. apartment
【知识点】
英语单词拼写;名词单复数;形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用,需结合汉语提示和句子语法准确填写单词,难度适中,是常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
(B) 根据句意,写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。
6. (2026·上海市徐汇区一模改编)Some famous speeches in history have left a
7. The boy was
8. Lu Xun is a famous figure in modern Chinese literature, and his works are still
9. According to the research, dogs have secondary emotions like embarrassment and pride, which are more complex than instant reactions like
10. He was very lucky during the war because he was never caught by
6. (2026·上海市徐汇区一模改编)Some famous speeches in history have left a
lasting
(last) impact on future generations.7. The boy was
unable
(able) to hide his disappointment when he saw the result of the test.8. Lu Xun is a famous figure in modern Chinese literature, and his works are still
widely
(wide) read today.9. According to the research, dogs have secondary emotions like embarrassment and pride, which are more complex than instant reactions like
anger
(angry) and joy.10. He was very lucky during the war because he was never caught by
enemies
(enemy).答案
6. lasting 7. unable 8. widely 9. anger 10. enemies
解析
【分析】这类题考查英语单词的适当形式填空,解题思路是:先分析句子结构,确定空格处所需的词性;再结合句意和语境,运用单词的词性转换规则(如形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词、名词作介词宾语、反义词变形、可数名词复数变形等),对括号内的单词进行适当变化,确保符合语法和语义要求。
【解析】6. 空格处修饰名词impact,需用形容词,last的形容词形式为lasting,意为“持久的”,符合句意。
7. 句意表示男孩无法隐藏失望,固定搭配be unable to do sth.意为“不能做某事”,故填unable。
8. 空格处修饰动词read,需用副词,wide的副词形式为widely,意为“广泛地”,符合语境。
9. like为介词,其后需接名词,angry的名词形式为anger,意为“愤怒”,与后面的joy对应,故填anger。
10. enemy是可数名词,此处泛指战争中的敌人,需用复数形式enemies,故填enemies。
【答案】6. lasting 7. unable 8. widely 9. anger 10. enemies
【知识点】英语词性转换、形容词副词用法、名词形式变化
【点评】本题为基础的单词适当形式填空题,考查初中英语核心的词性转换规则,要求学生掌握常见单词的词性变形,结合句子成分和语境判断所需形式,难度适中,是英语考试中的常考题型。
【难度系数】0.4
【解析】6. 空格处修饰名词impact,需用形容词,last的形容词形式为lasting,意为“持久的”,符合句意。
7. 句意表示男孩无法隐藏失望,固定搭配be unable to do sth.意为“不能做某事”,故填unable。
8. 空格处修饰动词read,需用副词,wide的副词形式为widely,意为“广泛地”,符合语境。
9. like为介词,其后需接名词,angry的名词形式为anger,意为“愤怒”,与后面的joy对应,故填anger。
10. enemy是可数名词,此处泛指战争中的敌人,需用复数形式enemies,故填enemies。
【答案】6. lasting 7. unable 8. widely 9. anger 10. enemies
【知识点】英语词性转换、形容词副词用法、名词形式变化
【点评】本题为基础的单词适当形式填空题,考查初中英语核心的词性转换规则,要求学生掌握常见单词的词性变形,结合句子成分和语境判断所需形式,难度适中,是英语考试中的常考题型。
【难度系数】0.4
二、完成句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. 更多的年轻人应该知道他们能从成就和损失中吸取教训的事实。
More young people should know the truth that
2. 我想知道她是以什么谋生的。
I wondered
3. 警方报告显示该事故与天气无关。
The police report shows that the accident
4. 李经理一接完电话就匆忙离开了。
Manager Li was
5. 请用更简单的话解释,这样你的解释才能讲得通。
Please explain it in simpler words
1. 更多的年轻人应该知道他们能从成就和损失中吸取教训的事实。
More young people should know the truth that
they can learn from the achievements and losses
.2. 我想知道她是以什么谋生的。
I wondered
what she did for a living
.3. 警方报告显示该事故与天气无关。
The police report shows that the accident
has nothing to do with
the weather.4. 李经理一接完电话就匆忙离开了。
Manager Li was
in a hurry to leave as soon as
he answered a phone call.5. 请用更简单的话解释,这样你的解释才能讲得通。
Please explain it in simpler words
so that your explanation can make sense
.答案
1. they can learn from the achievements and losses 2. what she did for a living 3. has nothing to do with 4. in a hurry to leave as soon as 5. so that your explanation can make sense
解析
【分析】本题为英语完成句子题,需结合中文提示和语法结构补全句子。1. 空格处是that引导的同位语从句,说明truth的具体内容,需对应“他们能从成就和损失中吸取教训”,使用陈述语序;2. 空格处是wonder后接的宾语从句,需用陈述语序,对应“她是以什么谋生的”;3. 空格处是that从句的谓语部分,考查“与…无关”的固定搭配,结合主语单复数确定形式;4. 空格处需表达“一…就…”和“匆忙离开”的含义,对应中文“一接完电话就匆忙离开”;5. 空格处是so that引导的目的状语从句,对应“这样你的解释才能讲得通”。
【解析】1. 同位语从句中,“吸取教训”译为learn from,“成就和损失”译为achievements and losses,故填they can learn from the achievements and losses;2. 宾语从句需用陈述语序,“谋生”译为do for a living,故填what she did for a living;3. 固定搭配have nothing to do with表示“与…无关”,主语the accident为单数,故填has nothing to do with;4. “匆忙做某事”为be in a hurry to do sth,“一…就…”为as soon as,故填in a hurry to leave as soon as;5. so that引导目的状语从句,“讲得通”译为make sense,故填so that your explanation can make sense。
【答案】1. they can learn from the achievements and losses 2. what she did for a living 3. has nothing to do with 4. in a hurry to leave as soon as 5. so that your explanation can make sense
【知识点】宾语从句、固定搭配、目的状语从句
【点评】本题考查英语基础语法(从句)和常用短语的运用,属于常规基础题型,需掌握相关结构的正确表达。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 同位语从句中,“吸取教训”译为learn from,“成就和损失”译为achievements and losses,故填they can learn from the achievements and losses;2. 宾语从句需用陈述语序,“谋生”译为do for a living,故填what she did for a living;3. 固定搭配have nothing to do with表示“与…无关”,主语the accident为单数,故填has nothing to do with;4. “匆忙做某事”为be in a hurry to do sth,“一…就…”为as soon as,故填in a hurry to leave as soon as;5. so that引导目的状语从句,“讲得通”译为make sense,故填so that your explanation can make sense。
【答案】1. they can learn from the achievements and losses 2. what she did for a living 3. has nothing to do with 4. in a hurry to leave as soon as 5. so that your explanation can make sense
【知识点】宾语从句、固定搭配、目的状语从句
【点评】本题考查英语基础语法(从句)和常用短语的运用,属于常规基础题型,需掌握相关结构的正确表达。
【难度系数】0.8
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