2026年能力培养与测试八年级英语上册人教版第133页答案
Ⅰ. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. She felt very n
nervous
before her first public speaking event.
2. The s
stranger
made me uneasy(不自在的). I didn't know anything about him.
3. He handled the fragile(易碎的) vase c
carefully
to avoid breaking it.
4. Being a good l
listener
is an important skill in communication.
5. The teacher emphasised(强调) the main p
point
of the lesson before ending the class.
6. It is
surely
(肯定地) going to rain later, so bring an umbrella.
7. Please
continue
(继续) with your story; we're all listening.
8. It's considered
impolite
(不礼貌的) to interrupt someone while they're speaking.
9. Avoid asking
personal
(个人的) questions during a formal interview.
10. Pay
attention
(注意) to the details in the instructions to avoid mistakes.

答案

1. nervous 2. stranger 3. carefully
4. listener 5. point 6. surely 7. continue
8. impolite 9. personal 10. attention

解析

【分析】本题为英语词汇填空题,需结合句子语境、首字母或汉语提示,填写正确的英语单词。解题时,先通读句子理解句意,再根据给出的提示(首字母或汉语意思)回忆对应词汇,同时注意单词的词性、形式是否符合句子要求(如副词修饰动词、名词作主语等)。
【解析】1. 句意:她第一次公开演讲前感到很紧张。首字母为n,结合语境需填形容词“紧张的”,故为nervous;2. 句意:这个陌生人让我不自在,我对他一无所知。首字母为s,结合语境需填名词“陌生人”,故为stranger;3. 句意:他小心地处理易碎的花瓶以免打碎。首字母为c,修饰动词handled需用副词,故为carefully;4. 句意:成为好的倾听者是沟通中的重要技能。首字母为l,结合语境需填名词“倾听者”,故为listener;5. 句意:老师下课前强调了课程的要点。首字母为p,结合语境需填名词“要点”,故为point;6. 句意:肯定稍后会下雨,所以带伞。汉语提示“肯定地”,需填副词,故为surely;7. 句意:请继续你的故事,我们都在听。汉语提示“继续”,祈使句用动词原形,故为continue;8. 句意:打断别人说话被认为是不礼貌的。汉语提示“不礼貌的”,需填形容词,故为impolite;9. 句意:正式面试时避免问个人问题。汉语提示“个人的”,需填形容词,故为personal;10. 句意:注意说明中的细节以免出错。固定搭配pay attention to,故填attention。
【答案】1. nervous 2. stranger 3. carefully 4. listener 5. point 6. surely 7. continue 8. impolite 9. personal 10. attention
【知识点】英语词汇运用、固定搭配、词性辨析
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的拼写与语境运用,涉及首字母填空和汉译英填空,难度适中,需学生掌握常见词汇及固定搭配。
【难度系数】0.7
Ⅱ. 用方框内的单词或短语完成句子。
sincere offer find out move on be yourself
1. The company will
offer
him a high-paying job.
2. We need to
find out
the truth as soon as possible.
3. She made a
sincere
apology(道歉) for her mistake.
4. After the failure, he decided to
move on
and not let it affect his future.
5. In this new environment, just
be yourself
and you'll make friends easily.

答案

1. offer 2. find out 3. sincere 4. move on
5. be yourself

解析

【分析】
本题为短语填空题,解题思路是:首先明确方框内单词/短语的含义(sincere:真诚的;offer:提供;find out:查明;move on:继续前进;be yourself:做自己),再逐一分析每个句子的语法结构和语义需求,匹配对应的短语完成句子。
【解析】
1. 句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”,固定搭配offer sb sth表示“给某人提供某物”,符合公司给员工提供工作的语境,故填offer;
2. need to后接动词原形,find out the truth是固定短语,意为“查明真相”,符合句子“尽快查明真相”的语义,故填find out;
3. 空格处修饰名词apology(道歉),需用形容词,sincere是形容词,意为“真诚的”,符合“真诚的道歉”的语境,故填sincere;
4. decide to后接动词原形,move on意为“继续前进”,符合“失败后继续前行不影响未来”的语境,故填move on;
5. 此处为祈使句,be yourself意为“做自己”,符合“在新环境中做自己更容易交朋友”的语境,故填be yourself。
【答案】
1. offer 2. find out 3. sincere 4. move on 5. be yourself
【知识点】
动词短语、形容词词义、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查常用短语的词义及在句子中的运用,结合语法规则和语境即可轻松选出正确答案,属于基础题型,适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ. 根据语境,写出斜体代词的指代含义。
1. Sarah lent John her laptop, and he promised to return it by tomorrow.
her laptop

2. My father bought some tools. He used them to fix the broken chair.
some tools

3. Mary lost her gloves. She searched for them all over the house.
her gloves

4. The coach gave the players a speech. Then he encouraged them to do their best.
the coach

5. Tom and Jerry are classmates. They help each other with homework.
Tom and Jerry

答案

1. her laptop 2. some tools 3. her gloves
4. the coach 5. Tom and Jerry

解析

【分析】
英语中代词(如it、them、he、they等)通常指代前文提及的具体人或事物,解题时需定位代词所在句子的前文内容,找到对应的名词即可。逐句分析:1. 句中it指代前文提到的Sarah的笔记本电脑;2. them指代前文提到的工具;3. them指代前文提到的手套;4. he指代前文提到的教练;5. they指代前文提到的汤姆和杰瑞。
【解析】
1. 句中斜体代词it,前文提到Sarah lent John her laptop,故it指代her laptop;
2. 句中斜体代词them,前文提到My father bought some tools,故them指代some tools;
3. 句中斜体代词them,前文提到Mary lost her gloves,故them指代her gloves;
4. 句中斜体代词he,前文提到The coach gave the players a speech,故he指代the coach;
5. 句中斜体代词they,前文提到Tom and Jerry are classmates,故they指代Tom and Jerry。
【答案】
1. her laptop 2. some tools 3. her gloves 4. the coach 5. Tom and Jerry
【知识点】
英语代词用法,上下文语境理解
【点评】
本题考查英语代词的指代功能,解题核心是结合上下文语境定位前文对应的名词,属于基础题型,只要掌握代词指代的基本规则即可轻松解答。
【难度系数】
0.8