[课堂再现]
1. She was a brave soldier who never gave in.
2. According to my great-aunt, she was a kind person who always thought of others first.
3. How could a woman who loved her young son leave him behind?
4. I took some photos for the soldiers whom I met in the army.
[规则探究]
从以上例句可以看出，定语从句是用来进一步说明或1. 前面的词；如果先行词指人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以用2. ，如果引导词在从句中充当宾语，那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式3. ，口语中也可用who。

1. 限定 2. who 3. whom

【分析】首先观察给出的例句，每个句子中的从句都修饰前面的名词（先行词），这类从句是定语从句，其作用是进一步说明或限定先行词；再回忆定语从句的引导词规则：当先行词指人时，定语从句常用who引导；若该引导词在从句中充当宾语，需用who的宾格形式whom，口语中也可用who，据此可完成填空。
【解析】1. 例句中定语从句（如who never gave in）修饰前面的名词（soldier），作用是限定先行词，故填“限定”；2. 先行词指人时，定语从句的引导词常用who，故填“who”；3. 当引导词在从句中作宾语时，需用who的宾格whom，故填“whom”。
【答案】1. 限定 2. who 3. whom
【知识点】定语从句的作用，定语从句的引导词
【点评】本题结合例句考查定语从句的基础规则，属于英语语法核心基础知识点，通过观察例句即可推导答案，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7

一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. — The boy is the person (who) you are looking for.
— That's great.
2. These are musicians (who) make us happy every weekend.
3. Not everyone enjoys fast food. Jack is the one who (like) hamburgers.
4. The students love the teacher who (make) his lessons fun.
5. （情感）Those who (spread) kindness and love everywhere can bring happiness to themselves.

1. who/whom 2. who 3. dislikes 4. makes 5. spread

【分析】
本题考查定语从句的关系代词选择及主谓一致，解题思路：1. 先判断定语从句中先行词在从句里的成分（主语/宾语），确定关系代词who的使用；2. 分析谓语动词时，需根据先行词的单复数匹配动词形式，同时注意语境逻辑（如第3题的否定含义）。
【解析】
1. 先行词the person在定语从句you are looking for中作宾语，关系代词可用who或whom；
2. 先行词musicians在定语从句make us happy中作主语，关系代词用who；
3. 由前句“Not everyone enjoys fast food”可知，Jack不喜欢汉堡，先行词the one为单数，故用dislikes；
4. 先行词the teacher为单数，定语从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes；
5. 先行词those为复数，定语从句谓语动词用原形spread。
【答案】
1. who/whom 2. who 3. dislikes 4. makes 5. spread
【知识点】
定语从句关系代词；主谓一致；动词形式
【点评】
本题为英语基础题，主要考查定语从句的关系代词用法及主谓一致规则，需准确判断先行词在从句中的成分和单复数，同时注意语境逻辑，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

二、句型转换
1. I have a sister. She is two years old.（改写成定语从句）
I have a sister is two years old.
2.（易错题）The man is singing over there. I know him.（改写成定语从句）
I know the man singing over there.
3. She likes those musicians. The musicians play different kinds of music.（改写成定语从句）
She likes the musicians different kinds of music.
4. curious, about, lived, they, who, upstairs, were, the, people（连词成句）
.

1. who 2. who is 3. who play 4. They were curious about the people who lived upstairs
易错警示
2. 这里作主语，只能填who，不可以填whom。

【分析】
1. 第1题：将两个简单句合并为定语从句，先行词是指人的a sister，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who。
2. 第2题：先行词是指人的the man，关系词在从句中作主语，从句为现在进行时，结构为“关系代词+be动词”，且作主语时只能用who（不能用whom），这是易错点。
3. 第3题：先行词是指人的the musicians，关系词在从句中作主语，谓语动词用原形play，故用who play。
4. 第4题：连词成句需先确定句子主干（主语+谓语+宾语），再添加修饰名词的定语从句，先找主语They，短语be curious about，宾语the people，再用who lived upstairs修饰people，组合成完整句子。
【解析】
1. 先行词a sister指人，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用who，故填who。
2. 先行词the man指人，在定语从句中作主语，从句为现在进行时，结构为who + is；此处关系词作主语，只能用who，不能用whom，故填who is。
3. 先行词the musicians指人，在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用原形play，故填who play。
4. 先确定主干：They were curious about the people，再用定语从句who lived upstairs修饰the people，组合后为They were curious about the people who lived upstairs。
【答案】
1. who
2. who is
3. who play
4. They were curious about the people who lived upstairs
【知识点】
定语从句关系词、连词成句
【点评】
本题考查定语从句的基础用法和连词成句，其中第2题是易错题，需注意关系词在定语从句中作主语时只能用who，不能用whom，整体侧重基础知识点的应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、语法填空
Leo is a boy who loves science. Teachers often praise him for his 1. (creative). Last month, he won a national award for students 2. create useful things.
His invention is a special cup which people with shaky(颤抖的）hands can use 3. (easy). The idea came from his neighbour, Mrs Green, who 4. (have) difficulty holding things. She is a kind person whom Leo often helps.
At the award ceremony, Leo met scientists 5. he admires greatly. One scientist, who tested Leo's 6. (invent), said it was brilliant. Leo felt 7. (pride). He wants to be an engineer 8. makes life better for people.
Leo's story inspires other children 9. have big dreams. It shows that anyone who 10. (work) hard can succeed.

1. creativity 2. who 3. easily 4. has 5. who/whom 6. invention 7. proud 8. who 9. who 10. works

【分析】
1. 空前是形容词性物主代词his，需接名词，故将形容词creative转换为名词；2. 先行词是指人的students，定语从句缺主语，需用指人的关系代词；3. 修饰动词use需用副词，故转换形容词easy为副词；4. 主语Mrs Green是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用单数形式；5. 先行词是指人的scientists，定语从句缺宾语，可用指人的关系代词；6. 此处需名词表示“发明物”，故转换动词invent为名词；7. 系动词feel后需接形容词作表语，故转换名词pride为形容词；8. 先行词是指人的engineer，定语从句缺主语，需用指人的关系代词；9. 先行词是指人的children，定语从句缺主语，需用指人的关系代词；10. 先行词anyone是不定代词，定语从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
【解析】
1. 考查词性转换：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，creative的名词形式为creativity，故填creativity；
2. 考查定语从句：先行词students指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who，故填who；
3. 考查词性转换：修饰动词use需用副词，easy的副词形式为easily，故填easily；
4. 考查主谓一致：主语Mrs Green是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用has，故填has；
5. 考查定语从句：先行词scientists指人，从句缺宾语，关系代词可用who或whom，故填who/whom；
6. 考查词性转换：此处需名词表示“发明物”，invent的名词形式为invention，故填invention；
7. 考查词性转换：系动词feel后接形容词作表语，pride的形容词形式为proud，故填proud；
8. 考查定语从句：先行词engineer指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who，故填who；
9. 考查定语从句：先行词children指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who，故填who；
10. 考查主谓一致：先行词anyone是不定代词，定语从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式works，故填works。
【答案】
1. creativity 2. who 3. easily 4. has 5. who/whom 6. invention 7. proud 8. who 9. who 10. works
【知识点】
定语从句、词性转换、主谓一致
【点评】
本题为语法填空，核心考查定语从句关系词的选择、不同词性间的转换及主谓一致规则，知识点覆盖基础且全面，需学生掌握定语从句基本用法和词形变化方法，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6