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Ⅴ. 完形填空
In the forest, high up on the steep shore, and not far from the open sea, stood a very old oak(橡树) tree. It was three hundred and sixty-five years old, but that long time felt like the same $\underline{1}$ of days to us. We wake up in the morning and go to sleep at night, and then we have our dreams. The tree's life is $\underline{2}$: it has to stay awake for three seasons of a year and only gets to rest during winter.
During warm summers, the short-lived $\underline{3}$, called Ephemera, would flutter(振翅而飞) around the old tree, enjoying life and sunshine and feeling happy. $\underline{4}$ one of these tiny creatures ever rested on one of the tree's large leaves, the oak would say, "Poor little creature! Your whole life $\underline{5}$ only for a single day. It must be quite sad."
"What do you mean?" the little creature would always reply. "$\underline{6}$ around me is so wonderfully bright, warm, and beautiful, and it makes me so happy."
"But only for one day, and then it is all over." "Over?" $\underline{7}$ the mayfly. "What is the meaning of 'over'? Are you 'over' too?"
"I will $\underline{8}$ live for thousands of days, and my day lasts for whole seasons. It is so long that you could never $\underline{9}$ it."
"No? Well, I don't understand. You may have thousands of my days, but they don't change much. I have thousands of $\underline{10}$ in which I can be joyful and happy. So, I have a question for you: Does all the beauty of the world $\underline{11}$ when you die?"
"No," replied the tree. "It will certainly last much $\underline{12}$ than I can even think of."
"Well, then," said the little mayfly, "we have the same time to live; only we have different ways of $\underline{13}$ it."
The little creature $\underline{14}$ happily with its wings in the air, enjoying in the sweet pleasure around it. The long and beautiful day seemed to it so full of joy. Finally, when the sun went down, it felt tired of all its $\underline{15}$, and its wings could no longer carry it. It gently glided down onto the soft grass. With a nod of its little head, it peacefully and sweetly fell asleep.
1. A. kind
B. number
C. colour
D. period
2. A. interesting
B. convenient
C. colourful
D. different
3. A. mayflies
B. bats
C. dragons
D. bees
4. A. Although
B. Since
C. If
D. Before
5. A. lasts
B. keeps
C. raises
D. plays
6. A. Nothing
B. Something
C. Anything
D. Everything
7. A. cried
B. repeated
C. smiled
D. shouted
8. A. simply
B. generally
C. probably
D. comfortably
9. A. imagine
B. collect
C. achieve
D. describe
10. A. weeks
B. years
C. months
D. moments
11. A. separate
B. disappear
C. shine
D. discover
12. A. quicker
B. shorter
C. longer
D. slower
13. A. counting
B. wasting
C. turning
D. making
14. A. wrote
B. shook
C. swam
D. danced
15. A. protection
B. satisfaction
C. happiness
D. achievement
In the forest, high up on the steep shore, and not far from the open sea, stood a very old oak(橡树) tree. It was three hundred and sixty-five years old, but that long time felt like the same $\underline{1}$ of days to us. We wake up in the morning and go to sleep at night, and then we have our dreams. The tree's life is $\underline{2}$: it has to stay awake for three seasons of a year and only gets to rest during winter.
During warm summers, the short-lived $\underline{3}$, called Ephemera, would flutter(振翅而飞) around the old tree, enjoying life and sunshine and feeling happy. $\underline{4}$ one of these tiny creatures ever rested on one of the tree's large leaves, the oak would say, "Poor little creature! Your whole life $\underline{5}$ only for a single day. It must be quite sad."
"What do you mean?" the little creature would always reply. "$\underline{6}$ around me is so wonderfully bright, warm, and beautiful, and it makes me so happy."
"But only for one day, and then it is all over." "Over?" $\underline{7}$ the mayfly. "What is the meaning of 'over'? Are you 'over' too?"
"I will $\underline{8}$ live for thousands of days, and my day lasts for whole seasons. It is so long that you could never $\underline{9}$ it."
"No? Well, I don't understand. You may have thousands of my days, but they don't change much. I have thousands of $\underline{10}$ in which I can be joyful and happy. So, I have a question for you: Does all the beauty of the world $\underline{11}$ when you die?"
"No," replied the tree. "It will certainly last much $\underline{12}$ than I can even think of."
"Well, then," said the little mayfly, "we have the same time to live; only we have different ways of $\underline{13}$ it."
The little creature $\underline{14}$ happily with its wings in the air, enjoying in the sweet pleasure around it. The long and beautiful day seemed to it so full of joy. Finally, when the sun went down, it felt tired of all its $\underline{15}$, and its wings could no longer carry it. It gently glided down onto the soft grass. With a nod of its little head, it peacefully and sweetly fell asleep.
1. A. kind
B. number
C. colour
D. period
2. A. interesting
B. convenient
C. colourful
D. different
3. A. mayflies
B. bats
C. dragons
D. bees
4. A. Although
B. Since
C. If
D. Before
5. A. lasts
B. keeps
C. raises
D. plays
6. A. Nothing
B. Something
C. Anything
D. Everything
7. A. cried
B. repeated
C. smiled
D. shouted
8. A. simply
B. generally
C. probably
D. comfortably
9. A. imagine
B. collect
C. achieve
D. describe
10. A. weeks
B. years
C. months
D. moments
11. A. separate
B. disappear
C. shine
D. discover
12. A. quicker
B. shorter
C. longer
D. slower
13. A. counting
B. wasting
C. turning
D. making
14. A. wrote
B. shook
C. swam
D. danced
15. A. protection
B. satisfaction
C. happiness
D. achievement
答案
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.C
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了橡树和蜉蝣的对话。
1. B 根据“It was three hundred and sixty-five years old”可知,那漫长的时间对人类来说就像同样多的日子,空格处所填内容与数量有关。故选 B。
2. D 根据“We wake up in the morning and go to sleep at night, and then we have our dreams.”可知,这棵树的生活与我们不同。故选 D。
3. A 根据“During warm summers ... the short-lived ... enjoying life and sunshine and feeling happy.”可知,寿命短暂且在夏天太阳下活动的生物是蜉蝣。故选 A。
4. C 句意:如果这些动物中的一个在树上的大叶子上休息,橡树会说:“可怜的小家伙!……”根据句意可知,此处是一种假设情况。选项 C 符合语境。故选 C。
5. A 根据“Poor little creature!”可知,橡树感叹可怜的小动物的生命只持续短短一天。故选 A。
6. D 根据“so wonderfully bright, warm, and beautiful, and it makes me so happy.”可知,此处指的是“每件事情”。故填 D。
7. B 根据前后句可知,蜉蝣在重复着“Over”。故选 B。
8. C 根据“live for thousands of days”可知,“活几千天”是一种推测,是概数。选项 C 符合语境。故选 C。
9. A 根据“and my day lasts for whole seasons”可知,橡树的一天长得蜉蝣难以想象。选项 A 符合语境。故选 A。
10. D 根据上文“You may have thousands of my days, but they don't change much.”可知,下文在与上文作对比。moments 表示“时刻”,与“days”对应。故选 D。
11. B 根据空格后“when you die”可知,当死去时世间的一切美好都会消失吗? 选项 B 符合句意。故选 B。
12. C 根据句意和该句中的谓语动词“last”可知,此处形容寿命,根据“than I can even think of”可知,用 longer“较长的”来描述时间长短。故选 C。
13. A 根据“We have the same time to live; only”可知橡树和蜉蝣生命差别只是计算时间的方法不同。故选 A。
14. D 根据“with its wings in the air”可知,它是用翅膀在空中跳舞。选项 D 符合句意。故选 D。
15. C 根据上文“The long and beautiful day seemed to it so full of joy.”可知,太阳下山了,代表了蜉蝣生命要结束了,它的快乐也结束了。故选 C。
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了橡树和蜉蝣的对话。
1. B 根据“It was three hundred and sixty-five years old”可知,那漫长的时间对人类来说就像同样多的日子,空格处所填内容与数量有关。故选 B。
2. D 根据“We wake up in the morning and go to sleep at night, and then we have our dreams.”可知,这棵树的生活与我们不同。故选 D。
3. A 根据“During warm summers ... the short-lived ... enjoying life and sunshine and feeling happy.”可知,寿命短暂且在夏天太阳下活动的生物是蜉蝣。故选 A。
4. C 句意:如果这些动物中的一个在树上的大叶子上休息,橡树会说:“可怜的小家伙!……”根据句意可知,此处是一种假设情况。选项 C 符合语境。故选 C。
5. A 根据“Poor little creature!”可知,橡树感叹可怜的小动物的生命只持续短短一天。故选 A。
6. D 根据“so wonderfully bright, warm, and beautiful, and it makes me so happy.”可知,此处指的是“每件事情”。故填 D。
7. B 根据前后句可知,蜉蝣在重复着“Over”。故选 B。
8. C 根据“live for thousands of days”可知,“活几千天”是一种推测,是概数。选项 C 符合语境。故选 C。
9. A 根据“and my day lasts for whole seasons”可知,橡树的一天长得蜉蝣难以想象。选项 A 符合语境。故选 A。
10. D 根据上文“You may have thousands of my days, but they don't change much.”可知,下文在与上文作对比。moments 表示“时刻”,与“days”对应。故选 D。
11. B 根据空格后“when you die”可知,当死去时世间的一切美好都会消失吗? 选项 B 符合句意。故选 B。
12. C 根据句意和该句中的谓语动词“last”可知,此处形容寿命,根据“than I can even think of”可知,用 longer“较长的”来描述时间长短。故选 C。
13. A 根据“We have the same time to live; only”可知橡树和蜉蝣生命差别只是计算时间的方法不同。故选 A。
14. D 根据“with its wings in the air”可知,它是用翅膀在空中跳舞。选项 D 符合句意。故选 D。
15. C 根据上文“The long and beautiful day seemed to it so full of joy.”可知,太阳下山了,代表了蜉蝣生命要结束了,它的快乐也结束了。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
本题为记叙文类完形填空，解题思路为：1. 通读全文把握主旨（橡树与蜉蝣关于生命的对话）；2. 结合上下文语境、逻辑关系、词汇含义及辨析，逐一分析空格；3. 验证答案是否符合文意与逻辑。
【解析】
1. B：根据橡树365年的寿命，对应人类的日子数量，此处指漫长时间对人类而言是同样多的日子，故选B。
2. D：人类作息是白天醒夜晚睡，而橡树需三季清醒、冬季休息，生活状态与人类不同，故选D。
3. A：结合上下文“short-lived”及夏季活动的生物，可知是蜉蝣，故选A。
4. C：此处表示假设“如果这些小生物停在橡树叶上”，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
5. A：橡树感叹蜉蝣生命仅持续一天，last表示“持续”，符合语境，故选A。
6. D：蜉蝣认为周围的一切都明亮、温暖、美好，everything指“一切事物”，故选D。
7. B：蜉蝣重复橡树的话“Over？”，repeated表示“重复”，故选B。
8. C：橡树说自己可能活几千天，是推测的概数，probably表示“可能”，故选C。
9. A：橡树的一天持续整个季节，蜉蝣无法想象这么长的时间，imagine表示“想象”，故选A。
10. D：蜉蝣的生命是短暂的时刻，与上文橡树的“days”对应，moments表示“时刻”，故选D。
11. B：蜉蝣问橡树，当它死去时世间的美好是否会消失，disappear表示“消失”，故选B。
12. C：橡树说世间美好持续的时间比它能想象的更长，longer表示“更长”，故选C。
13. A：橡树和蜉蝣生命长度不同，只是计算时间的方式不同，counting表示“计算”，故选A。
14. D：蜉蝣用翅膀在空中跳舞，dance符合语境，故选D。
15. C：蜉蝣的生命充满快乐，太阳下山时它的快乐也结束了，happiness表示“快乐”，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空、语境理解、词汇辨析
【点评】
本文通过橡树与蜉蝣的对话传递对生命意义的多元思考，题目侧重考查学生对上下文语境的把握和词汇运用能力，是典型的记叙文完形填空，有助于学生理解生命的不同价值。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为记叙文类完形填空，解题思路为：1. 通读全文把握主旨（橡树与蜉蝣关于生命的对话）；2. 结合上下文语境、逻辑关系、词汇含义及辨析，逐一分析空格；3. 验证答案是否符合文意与逻辑。
【解析】
1. B：根据橡树365年的寿命，对应人类的日子数量，此处指漫长时间对人类而言是同样多的日子，故选B。
2. D：人类作息是白天醒夜晚睡，而橡树需三季清醒、冬季休息，生活状态与人类不同，故选D。
3. A：结合上下文“short-lived”及夏季活动的生物，可知是蜉蝣，故选A。
4. C：此处表示假设“如果这些小生物停在橡树叶上”，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
5. A：橡树感叹蜉蝣生命仅持续一天，last表示“持续”，符合语境，故选A。
6. D：蜉蝣认为周围的一切都明亮、温暖、美好，everything指“一切事物”，故选D。
7. B：蜉蝣重复橡树的话“Over？”，repeated表示“重复”，故选B。
8. C：橡树说自己可能活几千天，是推测的概数，probably表示“可能”，故选C。
9. A：橡树的一天持续整个季节，蜉蝣无法想象这么长的时间，imagine表示“想象”，故选A。
10. D：蜉蝣的生命是短暂的时刻，与上文橡树的“days”对应，moments表示“时刻”，故选D。
11. B：蜉蝣问橡树，当它死去时世间的美好是否会消失，disappear表示“消失”，故选B。
12. C：橡树说世间美好持续的时间比它能想象的更长，longer表示“更长”，故选C。
13. A：橡树和蜉蝣生命长度不同，只是计算时间的方式不同，counting表示“计算”，故选A。
14. D：蜉蝣用翅膀在空中跳舞，dance符合语境，故选D。
15. C：蜉蝣的生命充满快乐，太阳下山时它的快乐也结束了，happiness表示“快乐”，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空、语境理解、词汇辨析
【点评】
本文通过橡树与蜉蝣的对话传递对生命意义的多元思考，题目侧重考查学生对上下文语境的把握和词汇运用能力，是典型的记叙文完形填空，有助于学生理解生命的不同价值。
【难度系数】
0.6
