五、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每小题的四个选项中，选出能回答所给问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Once upon a time，there was an English boy called Francis. He had five brothers and one sister.
Francis lived a poor life. His brothers all left home to work and only he and his sister were still at home. His parents could not afford(支付得起)to send the two children to school，so they let Francis stay at home.
Francis wanted to learn to read and write. Sometimes he ran to school secretly. He saw his sister was among the pupils. He envied(羡慕)her.
Francis had an idea. Francis and his sister looked like each other. So why not dress up as a girl in order to go to the classes? So Francis went to school on Mondays，Wednesdays and Fridays and his sister went to school on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
1. There were children in Francis’ family.
A. five
B. six
C. seven
D. eight
2. Why did Francis stay at home when he was old enough to go to school?
A. Because he was a naughty boy.
B. Because he did not like school.
C. Because his family was poor.
D. Because he didn’t have any friends.
3. The underlined word “pupils” means in Chinese.
A. 工人
B. 老师
C. 学生
D. 农民
4. If Francis went to school on Monday，his sister would go on .
A. Wednesday
B. Tuesday
C. Friday
D. Saturday
5. From the passage we know .
A. Francis’ sister did not want to learn to write
B. Francis’ sister was two years older than him
C. Francis dressed up as a girl in order to go to school
D. Francis didn’t want to go to school

1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文，理清故事核心：家境贫寒的男孩Francis渴望上学，和妹妹轮流假扮身份去上课。之后带着每道题的题干信息回到原文精准定位：第一题属于简单数字计算题，定位第一段的家庭成员描述，把所有孩子的数量相加即可得出总数；第二题是细节理解题，定位第二段找Francis留在家的直接原因；第三题是词义猜测题，结合上下文的学校场景推断划线词的含义；第四题细节题定位最后一段的上学时间安排即可直接找到答案；第五题是正误判断题，将每个选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文矛盾的错误选项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节计算：原文第一段提到Francis有5个兄弟、1个妹妹，加上Francis本人，家里孩子总数为1+5+1=7，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解：原文第二段明确说明Francis家生活贫困，父母负担不起两个孩子的学费，因此让Francis留在家，其余选项的内容原文均未提及，选C。
3. 词义猜测：前文提到Francis偷偷跑到学校，看到妹妹身处这群人当中，结合上学的语境，可推断pupils的含义是学生，选C。
4. 细节查找：原文最后一段说明Francis周一、周三、周五去上学，妹妹周二、周四去上学，因此Francis周一上学时，妹妹周二去上学，选B。
5. 正误判断：逐一比对选项：A选项“妹妹不想学写字”和原文妹妹本身就在上学的内容矛盾；B选项“妹妹比他大两岁”原文无相关表述；D选项“Francis不想上学”和原文他渴望读写、偷偷跑去学校的内容矛盾；只有C选项“Francis假扮成女孩去上学”和原文第四段“dress up as a girl in order to go to the classes”的描述完全一致，选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C
【知识点】
阅读细节查找，词义猜测，信息计算
【点评】
这是一篇人物故事类的基础英语阅读题，绝大多数题目都属于直接定位就能得出答案的细节题，仅第一题需要简单的加法计算，整体没有设置复杂的干扰项，适合刚接触英语阅读理解的学生练习定位原文信息的解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.9

六、词汇运用
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The old man (die)last night.
2. The hen (lay)an egg just now.
3. After thinking twice，she decided (praise)the boy for his honesty(诚实).
4. He told the truth instead of (lie)to his parents.
5. Molly learns French by (search)for information on the Internet.

1. died 2. laid 3. to praise
4. lying 5. searching

【分析】
做这类词形变换填空题，我们可以按照清晰的两步思路解题：第一步先定位句中的时间提示词判断时态，确定动词的时态变形方向；第二步如果句中有固定搭配、介词等限定结构，就结合对应的语法规则完成单词变形。逐题推导：1. 找到时间标志last night（昨晚），明确句子用一般过去时，对die做过去式变形即可；2. 时间标志just now（刚才）提示动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，注意区分lay表“下蛋”的不规则过去式变形；3. 看到谓语动词decide，回忆对应的固定搭配规则，确定后续接不定式结构；4. 空格前的instead of是介词短语，介词后接动词要变为动名词形式；5. 空格前的by是方式介词，介词后接动词需要变为动名词形式。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语last night表示过去的时间，句子使用一般过去时，die的过去式为规则变化died，故填died。
2. 句中时间状语just now表示动作刚刚发生在过去，句子用一般过去时，lay表示“下蛋、产卵”时的过去式为不规则变化laid，故填laid。
3. 本题考查固定搭配decide to do sth.，意为“决定做某事”，因此此处要填动词不定式to praise，故填to praise。
4. 空格前的instead of是介词短语，意为“而不是”，介词后接动词需要使用动名词形式，lie的动名词按规则变ie为y加ing，即lying，故填lying。
5. 空格前的by是方式介词，意为“通过某种方式”，介词后接动词需要使用动名词形式，search的动名词直接加ing变为searching，故填searching。
【答案】
1. died 2. laid 3. to praise 4. lying 5. searching
【知识点】
一般过去时，非谓语动词，介词后接动名词
【点评】
本题是初中英语动词词形变换的基础典型题，覆盖了不规则动词过去式变形、高频动词固定搭配、介词后接动名词三类核心考点，易错点集中在lay、lie这类易混淆的不规则动词拼写，学生需要熟练记忆不规则动词表和常见固定搭配，规避拼写失误。
【难度系数】
0.7