五、阅读理解。
（宿迁月考）The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the greatest works by Mark Twain, a famous American writer. The story takes place in a small town along the Mississippi River in Missouri, in the Midwestern United States. Tom, the main character, is a lively and clever boy who does not like school or strict rules. He always tries to find excitement and adventure in his life, and he often plays smart tricks to make life more fun.
One of the most classic stories in the book is about whitewashing the fence. One Saturday morning, Tom's aunt asks him to paint the tall fence. Tom feels unhappy because he thinks it is tiring and boring. He does not want to waste his beautiful weekend doing such work. Suddenly, he comes up with a good idea.
When other boys pass by, Tom pretends to enjoy painting the fence very much. He acts so carefully that the boys believe it is a special and interesting activity. Soon, all the boys want to have a try. Tom agrees, but asks them to give him small gifts or delicious snacks in return. In the end, the fence is painted well, and Tom gets a lot of things without doing any work. Everyone thinks Tom is very smart.
Tom also has many other wonderful experiences. He runs away to an island with his best friends, looks for hidden treasure in a dark cave, and witnesses something unexpected. No matter how difficult the situation is, Tom never loses heart and always thinks of creative ways to solve problems. He is not only naughty but also kind and brave. He always helps his friends and tries his best to protect people around him.
Today, this book is still popular all over the world. It shows the real life of children and teaches readers to be brave, clever and positive. No matter how old we are, we can always learn something valuable from Tom Sawyer.
— Taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
（）1. What is Tom Sawyer like according to the passage?
A. Quiet and careful.
B. Clever and brave.
C. Lazy and rude.
D. Serious and hard-working.
（）2. Why doesn't Tom want to paint the fence at first?
A. Because he is ill.
B. Because he thinks it is boring.
C. Because he has to go to school.
D. Because he is afraid of falling down.
（）3. Which is the RIGHT order of the story?
① Tom pretends to enjoy painting the fence.
② Tom's aunt asks him to paint the fence.
③ Other boys give Tom gifts and paint the fence.
④ Tom feels unhappy about the work.
A. ②→④→①→③ B. ②→①→④→③ C. ④→②→①→③ D. ③→②→④→①
（）4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Tom's aunt is very strict with other children.
B. All the boys finally get angry with Tom.
C. Tom is popular among his friends.
D. Tom never plays tricks on others.

1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C

【分析】
做本题需遵循“题干定位→原文找对应→比对选项”的解题思路：1. 针对人物性格题，定位原文描述Tom性格的语句匹配选项；2. 针对原因题，定位题干关键词的原因句；3. 针对排序题，按事件发展顺序在原文中依次找对应事件；4. 针对推理题，结合原文细节排除无依据选项，得出合理推断。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“Tom, the main character, is a lively and clever boy... He is not only naughty but also kind and brave.”，可知Tom聪明且勇敢，对应选项B；A（安静）、C（懒惰粗鲁）、D（严肃勤奋）均与原文不符，故选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Tom feels unhappy because he thinks it is tiring and boring.”，可知Tom不想刷篱笆是因为觉得无聊，对应选项B；A、C、D均无原文依据，故选B。
3. 细节排序题：按原文事件发展顺序：Tom的阿姨让他刷篱笆（②）→Tom对这项工作感到不开心（④）→Tom假装很喜欢刷篱笆（①）→其他男孩给Tom礼物并刷篱笆（③），即顺序为②→④→①→③，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 推理判断题：A选项原文未提及阿姨对其他孩子严格；B选项原文未提到男孩们生气；C选项由原文“he runs away to an island with his best friends... always helps his friends”可推断Tom受朋友欢迎，合理；D选项原文提到Tom耍了小把戏（假装喜欢刷篱笆骗礼物），故错误，选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题围绕《汤姆·索亚历险记》的节选内容设置，主要考查学生对文章细节的定位能力和简单推理能力，题目难度不大，需学生仔细阅读原文，找准对应信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.7